Solid state physics & Devices _the harbinger of third wave of  (Page 7/12)

Service.

1982AD- Intel introduces 80826µp Chip (16 bit data bus and 24 bit address bus and 68

pin package).

1983AD- MOUSE introduced in LISA, an Apple machine. It had a user friendly

graphical user interface (GUI). Its patent was bought from Xerox research center where it was used in Xerox Star. Screen icons were introduced which could be selected by the use of cursor using a mouse.

1983AD- CD_ROM ( COMPACT DISC_READ ONLY MEMORY ) introduced. It has

700MB as opposed as 1.44MB in floppies. This can accommodate one hour of

music .

1983AD: TCP/IP, standardized in 1978, rolls out formally 1 January 1983 and all ARPA-sponsored packet networks (ARPANET, Packet Radio Net, Packet Satellite Net) and, subsequently ethernets that are becoming commercially available, incorporate the standardized version of TCP/IP.

1984AD- APPLE MACINTOSH is introduced. It is a complete stand alone system with

the latest GUI, namely mouse and screen icons. Its cost was $2500.00.

1984AD- Musical instruments digital interface (MIDI) introduced.

1985AD- Desktop publishing introduced by ALDUS PAGE MAKER along with LASER

JET PRINTER in Apple Macintosh.

1986AD- 80386(Intel) and 68030(Motorola) introduces 24 bit address bus.

1988AD- VIRTUAL REALITY (VR) is introduced. When VR headset is put on , you see

a world of your choice with the help of computer. You can place yourself in the

cockpit of a jet plane and experience the sensation of actual flight.

1988AD- Pattern Recognition Software introduced to read hand written documents by

computer .

1988AD- MPEG (Moving Picture Expert Group ) is devised for compressing digital

videos Band Width.

1988AD- First Trans Atlantic Optical Fiber Cable, TAT8, used in place of coaxial cable.

Coaxial Cable can carry 3,000 simultaneous phone calls. In contrast Optical Fiber cable can carry 37,500 simultaneous telephone calls with the present state of art of electronics. As the switching speed increases, the number of simultaneous calls increases exponentially. Total BW: 5.12terabits/sec.

1988AD- Touch Screen Computers are developed.

1989AD- Disk Operating System (DOS) are replaced by MS WINDOW OS., MS EXCEL

and MS WORD introduced. WINDOW 3.0 VERSION released.

1989AD - March 1989, computer software child prodigy, now an adult, Mr. Tim Berners-Lee of CERN, Geneva, handed a proposal ‘Information Management: a proposal’. They came up with global hypertext language, the basis of “http” in website address. By October 1990, they developed the first web browser. The World Wide Web Technology was made available for wider use on INTERNET from 1991 onward without any royalties. “Internet is a vast network of networks, interconnected in many different ways yet they all speak the same language. Web is one-albeit the most influential and well known-of many different applications which run over the Internet”. Today in 2009 March, as we celebrate 20 ^th Anniversary of Web Technology, Tim Berners-Lee is a researcher at MIT,US, and a Professor at Computer Science Department at South Hampton University, Britain, and still heads the World Wide Web Consortium that coordinates development of the Web.