Solid state physics & Devices _the harbinger of third wave of  (Page 6/12)

The inventor of Ethernet was a young Xerox Palo Alto Research Scientist named

Robert M. Metcalfe.

1974AD- 8080μP chip introduced.

1974AD- First paper on TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)and the architecture of the Internet

by Vinton Cerf and Kahn.

1975AD- Altair 8800(mini-computer architecture) based on Intel μP Chip 8080 ( 8 bit

data&16 bit address word) introduced in the market. $397.00 worth kit

available.

1976AD- APPLE CO. founded by Steve Wozniak&Steve Tabs members of Home-Brew

Computer Club (California) in a Garage. Apple I was introduced.

1976AD- Cray 1 designed by Seymour Grey. This was a class apart called Super

Computer. It cost $8.8million. It could achieve 240MFLOPS (Floating Point

Operations per second)

1977AD -Taito (Japanese Software Company) introduced a video game “SPACE

INVADERS” which takes the world by storm. The first video game was introduced in 1970’s by ATARI. It was a ping-pong game.

1977AD- First Personal Computer was introduced, named APPLE II , at a price of

$1300.00 .It had 4kB RAM. It had a software VisiCalc the best spread sheet

package of its day. This was formally the FOURTH GENERATION

COMPUTER.

1977AD -Bill Gates, Harvard Under-Graduate dropout, and Paul Allen developed the

programming language BASIC for Altair 8800 and in the process founded

MICROSOFT Company at Albuquerque near MIT. The name was coined by

Bill Gates to represent the company that was devoted to MICROcomputer

SOFTware. MS provided DOS (disc operating system) to IBM and other PC

makers.

1978AD -Intel introduces 8086 µP Chip which had 16bit data word and 16bit address

word.

1978AD- HCL delivered 8CR μP based Desk Top computer.

Indigenous OS;

Indigenous BASIC Interpreter Languages.

1979AD___On July 1, 1979, Sony launched Walkman which played a magnetic tape popularly known as cassette but there was no provision for recording. While walking or moving, you could play a cassette and listen to it. It became so popular that within next two months , thirty thousand pieces were sold. To this date on 27.10.2010 altogether 385 million pieces have been sold. The production by Sony has been stopped as Apple-iPod has out sold Walkman. Apple-iPod has solid state memories and digital signal processing. Only the final stage where the music has to be played is an analog voltage amplifier. All these combined makes Apple-iPod much more handy, economical and much more diverse interms of variety of music which can be played. Hence Apple-iPod has caught the fancy of young people.

1980AD -Voice to text system was developed by IBM.

1981AD- IBM introduced its own brand of Personal Computer PC5150 based on 8088µP

Intel Chip. Clock Rate was the same as that of APPLE II but memory was much

bigger at 40kB. GREEN SCREEN, 2x5” Floppy Drives for loading OS. IBM

PC design accounts for 90% PCs. APPLE PC design accounts for 10% PCs.

1982AD- France Telecom launches MINITEL system, a wide area network in which you

can login to a central data base from any where in the country and

pertinent information can be availed. This is first Public Utility On-Line