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Problems&Exercises
The gauge pressure in your car tires is
at a temperature of
when you drive it onto a ferry boat to Alaska. What is their gauge pressure later, when their temperature has dropped to
?
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Convert an absolute pressure of
to gauge pressure in
(This value was stated to be just less than
in
[link] . Is it?)
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Suppose a gas-filled incandescent light bulb is manufactured so that the gas inside the bulb is at atmospheric pressure when the bulb has a temperature of
. (a) Find the gauge pressure inside such a bulb when it is hot, assuming its average temperature is
(an approximation) and neglecting any change in volume due to thermal expansion or gas leaks. (b) The actual final pressure for the light bulb will be less than calculated in part (a) because the glass bulb will expand. What will the actual final pressure be, taking this into account? Is this a negligible difference?
(a) 0.136 atm
(b) 0.135 atm. The difference between this value and the value from part (a) is negligible.
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Large helium-filled balloons are used to lift scientific equipment to high altitudes. (a) What is the pressure inside such a balloon if it starts out at sea level with a temperature of
and rises to an altitude where its volume is twenty times the original volume and its temperature is
? (b) What is the gauge pressure? (Assume atmospheric pressure is constant.)
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Confirm that the units of
are those of energy for each value of
: (a)
, (b)
, and (c)
.
(a)
(b)
(c)
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In the text, it was shown that
for gas at STP. (a) Show that this quantity is equivalent to
as stated. (b) About how many atoms are there in one
(a cubic micrometer) at STP? (c) What does your answer to part (b) imply about the separation of atoms and molecules?
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Calculate the number of moles in the 2.00-L volume of air in the lungs of the average person. Note that the air is at
(body temperature).
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An airplane passenger has
of air in his stomach just before the plane takes off from a sea-level airport. What volume will the air have at cruising altitude if cabin pressure drops to
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(a) What is the volume (in
) of Avogadro’s number of sand grains if each grain is a cube and has sides that are 1.0 mm long? (b) How many kilometers of beaches in length would this cover if the beach averages 100 m in width and 10.0 m in depth? Neglect air spaces between grains.
(a)
(b)
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An expensive vacuum system can achieve a pressure as low as
at
. How many atoms are there in a cubic centimeter at this pressure and temperature?
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The number density of gas atoms at a certain location in the space above our planet is about
and the pressure is
in this space. What is the temperature there?
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A bicycle tire has a pressure of
at a temperature of
and contains 2.00 L of gas. What will its pressure be if you let out an amount of air that has a volume of
at atmospheric pressure? Assume tire temperature and volume remain constant.
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A high-pressure gas cylinder contains 50.0 L of toxic gas at a pressure of
and a temperature of
. Its valve leaks after the cylinder is dropped. The cylinder is cooled to dry ice temperature
to reduce the leak rate and pressure so that it can be safely repaired. (a) What is the final pressure in the tank, assuming a negligible amount of gas leaks while being cooled and that there is no phase change? (b) What is the final pressure if one-tenth of the gas escapes? (c) To what temperature must the tank be cooled to reduce the pressure to 1.00 atm (assuming the gas does not change phase and that there is no leakage during cooling)? (d) Does cooling the tank appear to be a practical solution?
(a)
(b)
(c) 2.16 K
(d) No. The final temperature needed is much too low to be easily achieved for a large object.
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Find the number of moles in 2.00 L of gas at
and under
of pressure.
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Calculate the depth to which Avogadro’s number of table tennis balls would cover Earth. Each ball has a diameter of 3.75 cm. Assume the space between balls adds an extra 25.0% to their volume and assume they are not crushed by their own weight.
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(a) What is the gauge pressure in a
car tire containing 3.60 mol of gas in a 30.0 L volume? (b) What will its gauge pressure be if you add 1.00 L of gas originally at atmospheric pressure and
? Assume the temperature returns to
and the volume remains constant.
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(a) In the deep space between galaxies, the density of atoms is as low as
and the temperature is a frigid 2.7 K. What is the pressure? (b) What volume (in
) is occupied by 1 mol of gas? (c) If this volume is a cube, what is the length of its sides in kilometers?
(a)
(b)
(c)
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Questions & Answers
how does Neisseria cause meningitis
is the branch of biology that deals with the study of microorganisms.
studies of microbes
Louisiaste
when we takee the specimen which lumbar,spin,
How bacteria create energy to survive?
Bacteria doesn't produce energy they are dependent upon their substrate in case of lack of nutrients they are able to make spores which helps them to sustain in harsh environments
_Adnan
But not all bacteria make spores, l mean Eukaryotic cells have Mitochondria which acts as powerhouse for them, since bacteria don't have it, what is the substitution for it?
Muhamad
they make spores
Louisiaste
what is sporadic nd endemic, epidemic
the significance of food webs for disease transmission
Abreham
food webs brings about an infection as an individual depends on number of diseased foods or carriers dully.
Mark
explain assimilatory nitrate reduction
Assimilatory nitrate reduction is a process that occurs in some microorganisms, such as bacteria and archaea, in which nitrate (NO3-) is reduced to nitrite (NO2-), and then further reduced to ammonia (NH3).
Elkana
This process is called assimilatory nitrate reduction because the nitrogen that is produced is incorporated in the cells of microorganisms where it can be used in the synthesis of amino acids and other nitrogen products
Elkana
Examples of thermophilic organisms
Give Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu
advantages of normal Flora to the host
Prevent foreign microbes to the host
Abubakar
they provide healthier benefits to their hosts
ayesha
They are friends to host only when Host immune system is strong and become enemies when the host immune system is weakened . very bad relationship!
Mark
cell is the smallest unit of life
Fauziya
cell is the smallest unit of life
Akanni
cell is the structural and functional unit of life
Hasan
is the fundamental units of Life
Musa
what are emergency diseases
There are nothing like emergency disease but there are some common medical emergency which can occur simultaneously like Bleeding,heart attack,Breathing difficulties,severe pain heart stock.Hope you will get my point .Have a nice day ❣️
_Adnan
define infection ,prevention and control
Innocent
I think infection prevention and control is the avoidance of all things we do that gives out break of infections and promotion of health practices that promote life
Lubega
Heyy Lubega hussein where are u from?
_Adnan
which site have a normal flora
Many sites of the body have it
Skin
Nasal cavity
Oral cavity
Gastro intestinal tract
Safaa
skin,Oral,Nasal,GIt
Sadik
How can Commensal can Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
How can Commensal Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
what are the advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal
what are the ways of control and prevention of nosocomial infection in the hospital
Micheal
part of a tissue or an organ being wounded or bruised.
Wilfred
what term is used to name and classify microorganisms?
Binomial nomenclature
adeolu
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Source:
OpenStax, College physics for ap® courses. OpenStax CNX. Nov 04, 2016 Download for free at https://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11844/1.14
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