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Solid state physics & Devices _the harbinger of third wave of  (Page 9/12)

2003AD- APPLE introduces Power Mac G5 PC.

  • 64 bit data word and 64 bit address word;
  • 18 PETA Memory locations can be addressed;
  • System Bus operates at 800 MHz;
  • System Clock operates at 2GHz, dual processors;
  • 80 to 160GB hard disc;
  • 256MB to 512MB high speed RAM;

2004AD- Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) introduced. Till now we have been using

IPv4;

  • Address field is only 32 bit long in IPv4 but 128bits long in IPv6. This will

allow much larger number of users than what it can support till now;

  • New version allows a larger through-put;
  • New version offers a better support for options;
  • New version provides better methods of authentication and privacy. This will

provide a much better protections against Hackers;

2004AD- “ Project Columbia” a $50 million super-computer built by SILICON

GRAPHICS is introduced;

  • it is powered by 10,240 processors in 20 units;
  • it is Intel Itanium chips;
  • it performs 43 Tera FLOPS as compared to the world record of 36TFLOPS

performed by IBM’s BlueGene/L super computer;

  • This is a ten fold increase in NASA’s supercomputing capacity;
  • Applications in hurricane tracking, weather modeling and earth’s interior

imaging;

2004AD- Norton Internet Security 2005 is introduced for Rs 3,618.00. It offers Norton

Anti-Virus, Norton Anti-Spam and Norton Personal Firewall. Firewall protects

the system from Trojan Horses and other attackers. It also includes parental and

privacy controls;

2004AD- Radio frequency Identification (RFID). It is a stamp size chip which gives

a Radio Signal as the tag mark of the product it is attached to;

2005AD- GeForce 7800 GTX (latest Graphics Processing Unit or GPU) introduced by

US-based nVIDIA Corporation for Video Games;

  • 302 million CMOS on one 1cmx1cm chip;
  • Performs 202 GFLOPS;
  • 10% less power consumption ;
  • 50% quieter
  • twice as powerful as its processors 6800 but it costs the same as before that is

Rs. 32,000.00 ;

  • Market for video games is one of the fastest growing sectors in Computer

Industry;

2005AD- Dual cores Microprocessor chip are introduced;

Intel introduces Pentium “Extreme Edition” 840 with Clock Rate=3.2GHz and

with billon transistors . This is dual core as well as it has a software called

‘hyperthreading’(HT). This is a software which enables one to work with double

virtual processors. Thus a dual core with HT will allow application developers

to write software that can carve up the task between four processors;

  • Intel introduces Xeon for servers and Pentium M for laptops;
  • AMD introduces Opteron 800 series for servers and workstations;
  • AMD introduces Athlon 64 X2 for consumers and business PC’s;

2008 October . GeForce 9400M is a single chip solution for graphical processing platform for portable applications. It has computing rate of 55GFlops (Floating Point Operations), the most powerful integrated graphics processor in the market in 2008. It has 6 cores operating in parallel. But much less power hungry. New MacBook family will be fuelled by these chips.

2008 November. Intel and AMD have launched a native quad processor unlike the earlier version where 2 dual core chips had been combined in the same package. Intel has launched ‘Nehalem’,the i7 processor using 45nm technology. AMD has launched 45nmOpteron. Both achieve the 4 cores on the same silicon slab. This has Memory Bandwidth. These conserve energy by cutting down power when the device is idle.

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Read also:

OpenStax, Solid state physics and devices-the harbinger of third wave of civilization. OpenStax CNX. Sep 15, 2014 Download for free at http://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11170/1.89
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