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For the following exercises, divide the rational expressions.

3 y 2 7 y 6 2 y 2 3 y 9 ÷ y 2 + y 2 2 y 2 + y 3

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6 p 2 + p 12 8 p 2 + 18 p + 9 ÷ 6 p 2 11 p + 4 2 p 2 + 11 p 6

p + 6 4 p + 3

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q 2 9 q 2 + 6 q + 9 ÷ q 2 2 q 3 q 2 + 2 q 3

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18 d 2 + 77 d 18 27 d 2 15 d + 2 ÷ 3 d 2 + 29 d 44 9 d 2 15 d + 4

2 d + 9 d + 11

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16 x 2 + 18 x 55 32 x 2 36 x 11 ÷ 2 x 2 + 17 x + 30 4 x 2 + 25 x + 6

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144 b 2 25 72 b 2 6 b 10 ÷ 18 b 2 21 b + 5 36 b 2 18 b 10

12 b + 5 3 b −1

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16 a 2 24 a + 9 4 a 2 + 17 a 15 ÷ 16 a 2 9 4 a 2 + 11 a + 6

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22 y 2 + 59 y + 10 12 y 2 + 28 y 5 ÷ 11 y 2 + 46 y + 8 24 y 2 10 y + 1

4 y −1 y + 4

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9 x 2 + 3 x 20 3 x 2 7 x + 4 ÷ 6 x 2 + 4 x 10 x 2 2 x + 1

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For the following exercises, add and subtract the rational expressions, and then simplify.

4 x + 10 y

10 x + 4 y x y

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4 a + 1 + 5 a 3

9 a 7 a 2 2 a 3

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y + 3 y 2 + y 3 y + 1

2 y 2 y + 9 y 2 y 2

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x 1 x + 1 2 x + 3 2 x + 1

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3 z z + 1 + 2 z + 5 z 2

5 z 2 + z + 5 z 2 z 2

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x x + 1 + y y + 1

x + 2 x y + y x + x y + y + 1

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For the following exercises, simplify the rational expression.

2 a + 7 b b

2 b + 7 a a b 2

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3 a + b 6 2 b 3 a

18 + a b 4 b

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3 x + 1 + 2 x 1 x 1 x + 1

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a b b a a + b a b

a b

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2 c c + 2 + c 1 c + 1 2 c + 1 c + 1

3 c 2 + 3 c 2 2 c 2 + 5 c + 2

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Real-world applications

Brenda is placing tile on her bathroom floor. The area of the floor is 15 x 2 8 x 7 ft 2 . The area of one tile is x 2 2 x + 1 ft 2 . To find the number of tiles needed, simplify the rational expression: 15 x 2 8 x 7 x 2 2 x + 1 .

A rectangle that’s labeled: Area = fifteen times x squared minus eight times x minus seven.

15 x + 7 x −1

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The area of Sandy’s yard is 25 x 2 625 ft 2 . A patch of sod has an area of x 2 10 x + 25 ft 2 . Divide the two areas and simplify to find how many pieces of sod Sandy needs to cover her yard.

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Aaron wants to mulch his garden. His garden is x 2 + 18 x + 81 ft 2 . One bag of mulch covers x 2 81 ft 2 . Divide the expressions and simplify to find how many bags of mulch Aaron needs to mulch his garden.

x + 9 x −9

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Extensions

For the following exercises, perform the given operations and simplify.

x 2 + x 6 x 2 2 x 3 2 x 2 3 x 9 x 2 x 2 ÷ 10 x 2 + 27 x + 18 x 2 + 2 x + 1

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3 y 2 10 y + 3 3 y 2 + 5 y 2 2 y 2 3 y 20 2 y 2 y 15 y 4

1 y + 2

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4 a + 1 2 a 3 + 2 a 3 2 a + 3 4 a 2 + 9 a

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x 2 + 7 x + 12 x 2 + x 6 ÷ 3 x 2 + 19 x + 28 8 x 2 4 x 24 ÷ 2 x 2 + x 3 3 x 2 + 4 x 7

4

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Chapter review exercises

Real Numbers: Algebra Essentials

For the following exercises, perform the given operations.

( 5 3 2 ) 2 6

−5

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64 ÷ ( 2 8 ) + 14 ÷ 7

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For the following exercises, solve the equation.

For the following exercises, simplify the expression.

9 ( y + 2 ) ÷ 3 2 + 1

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3 m ( 4 + 7 ) m

32 m

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For the following exercises, identify the number as rational, irrational, whole, or natural. Choose the most descriptive answer.

Exponents and Scientific Notation

For the following exercises, simplify the expression.

6 a 2 a 0 2 a −4

a 6

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4 −2 x 3 y −3 2 x 0

x 3 32 y 3

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( 16 a 3 b 2 ) ( 4 a b −1 ) −2

a

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Write the number in standard notation: 2.1314 × 10 −6

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Write the number in scientific notation: 16,340,000

1.634 × 10 7

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Radicals and Rational Expressions

For the following exercises, find the principal square root.

Polynomials

For the following exercises, perform the given operations and simplify.

( 3 x 3 + 2 x 1 ) + ( 4 x 2 2 x + 7 )

3 x 3 + 4 x 2 + 6

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( 2 y + 1 ) ( 2 y 2 2 y 5 )

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( 2 x 2 + 3 x 6 ) + ( 3 x 2 4 x + 9 )

5 x 2 x + 3

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( 6 a 2 + 3 a + 10 ) ( 6 a 2 −3 a + 5 )

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( k + 3 ) ( k 6 )

k 2 3 k 18

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( 2 h + 1 ) ( 3 h 2 )

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( x + 1 ) ( x 2 + 1 )

x 3 + x 2 + x + 1

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( m 2 ) ( m 2 + 2 m 3 )

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( a + 2 b ) ( 3 a b )

3 a 2 + 5 a b 2 b 2

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Factoring Polynomials

For the following exercises, find the greatest common factor.

81 p + 9 p q 27 p 2 q 2

9 p

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12 x 2 y + 4 x y 2 −18 x y

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88 a 3 b + 4 a 2 b 144 a 2

4 a 2

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For the following exercises, factor the polynomial.

8 a 2 + 30 a 27

( 4 a 3 ) ( 2 a + 9 )

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x 2 + 10 x + 25

( x + 5 ) 2

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4 h 2 12 h k + 9 k 2

( 2 h 3 k ) 2

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p 3 + 216

( p + 6 ) ( p 2 6 p + 36 )

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64 q 3 27 p 3

( 4 q 3 p ) ( 16 q 2 + 12 p q + 9 p 2 )

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4 x ( x 1 ) 1 4 + 3 ( x 1 ) 3 4

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3 p ( p + 3 ) 1 3 −8 ( p + 3 ) 4 3

( p + 3 ) 1 3 ( −5 p 24 )

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4 r ( 2 r 1 ) 2 3 5 ( 2 r 1 ) 1 3

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Rational Expressions

For the following exercises, simplify the expression.

x 2 x 12 x 2 8 x + 16

x + 3 x 4

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4 y 2 25 4 y 2 20 y + 25

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2 a 2 a 3 2 a 2 6 a 8 5 a 2 19 a 4 10 a 2 13 a 3

1 2

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d 4 d 2 9 d 3 d 2 16

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m 2 + 5 m + 6 2 m 2 5 m 3 ÷ 2 m 2 + 3 m 9 4 m 2 4 m 3

m + 2 m 3

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4 d 2 7 d 2 6 d 2 17 d + 10 ÷ 8 d 2 + 6 d + 1 6 d 2 + 7 d 10

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10 x + 6 y

6 x + 10 y x y

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12 a 2 + 2 a + 1 3 a 2 −1

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1 d + 2 c 6 c + 12 d d c

1 6

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Chapter practice test

For the following exercises, identify the number as rational, irrational, whole, or natural. Choose the most descriptive answer.

For the following exercises, evaluate the equations.

2 ( x + 3 ) 12 = 18

x = 12

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y ( 3 + 3 ) 2 26 = 10

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Write the number in standard notation: 3.1415 × 10 6

3,141,500

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Write the number in scientific notation: 0.0000000212.

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For the following exercises, simplify the expression.

−2 ( 2 + 3 2 ) 2 + 144

16

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4 ( x + 3 ) ( 6 x + 2 )

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6 24 + 7 54 12 6

21 6

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( 13 q 3 + 2 q 2 3 ) ( 6 q 2 + 5 q 3 )

13 q 3 4 q 2 5 q

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( 6 p 2 + 2 p + 1 ) + ( 9 p 2 −1 )

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( n 2 ) ( n 2 4 n + 4 )

n 3 6 n 2 + 12 n 8

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( a 2 b ) ( 2 a + b )

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For the following exercises, factor the polynomial.

16 x 2 81

( 4 x + 9 ) ( 4 x 9 )

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27 c 3 1331

( 3 c 11 ) ( 9 c 2 + 33 c + 121 )

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3 x ( x 6 ) 1 4 + 2 ( x 6 ) 3 4

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For the following exercises, simplify the expression.

2 z 2 + 7 z + 3 z 2 9 4 z 2 15 z + 9 4 z 2 1

4 z 3 2 z 1

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a 2 b 2 b 9 a 3 a 2 b 6 a

3 a + 2 b 3 b

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Questions & Answers

how to study physic and understand
Ewa Reply
what is conservative force with examples
Moses
what is work
Fredrick Reply
the transfer of energy by a force that causes an object to be displaced; the product of the component of the force in the direction of the displacement and the magnitude of the displacement
AI-Robot
why is it from light to gravity
Esther Reply
difference between model and theory
Esther
Is the ship moving at a constant velocity?
Kamogelo Reply
The full note of modern physics
aluet Reply
introduction to applications of nuclear physics
aluet Reply
the explanation is not in full details
Moses Reply
I need more explanation or all about kinematics
Moses
yes
zephaniah
I need more explanation or all about nuclear physics
aluet
Show that the equal masses particles emarge from collision at right angle by making explicit used of fact that momentum is a vector quantity
Muhammad Reply
yh
Isaac
A wave is described by the function D(x,t)=(1.6cm) sin[(1.2cm^-1(x+6.8cm/st] what are:a.Amplitude b. wavelength c. wave number d. frequency e. period f. velocity of speed.
Majok Reply
what is frontier of physics
Somto Reply
A body is projected upward at an angle 45° 18minutes with the horizontal with an initial speed of 40km per second. In hoe many seconds will the body reach the ground then how far from the point of projection will it strike. At what angle will the horizontal will strike
Gufraan Reply
Suppose hydrogen and oxygen are diffusing through air. A small amount of each is released simultaneously. How much time passes before the hydrogen is 1.00 s ahead of the oxygen? Such differences in arrival times are used as an analytical tool in gas chromatography.
Ezekiel Reply
please explain
Samuel
what's the definition of physics
Mobolaji Reply
what is physics
Nangun Reply
the science concerned with describing the interactions of energy, matter, space, and time; it is especially interested in what fundamental mechanisms underlie every phenomenon
AI-Robot
what is isotopes
Nangun Reply
nuclei having the same Z and different N s
AI-Robot
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Practice Key Terms 2

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Source:  OpenStax, Algebra and trigonometry. OpenStax CNX. Nov 14, 2016 Download for free at https://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11758/1.6
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