-
Home
- College physics
- Radioactivity and nuclear physics
- Nuclear decay and conservation
Problems&Exercises
In the following eight problems, write the complete decay equation for the given nuclide in the complete
notation. Refer to the periodic table for values of
.
decay of
(tritium), a manufactured isotope of hydrogen used in some digital watch displays, and manufactured primarily for use in hydrogen bombs.
Got questions? Get instant answers now!
decay of
, a naturally occurring rare isotope of potassium responsible for some of our exposure to background radiation.
Got questions? Get instant answers now!
decay of
.
Got questions? Get instant answers now!
Electron capture by
.
Got questions? Get instant answers now!
decay of
, the isotope of polonium in the decay series of
that was discovered by the Curies. A favorite isotope in physics labs, since it has a short half-life and decays to a stable nuclide.
Got questions? Get instant answers now!
decay of
, another isotope in the decay series of
, first recognized as a new element by the Curies. Poses special problems because its daughter is a radioactive noble gas.
Got questions? Get instant answers now!
In the following four problems, identify the parent nuclide and write the complete decay equation in the
notation. Refer to the periodic table for values of
.
decay producing
. The parent nuclide is a major waste product of reactors and has chemistry similar to potassium and sodium, resulting in its concentration in your cells if ingested.
Got questions? Get instant answers now!
decay producing
. The parent nuclide is a major waste product of reactors and has chemistry similar to calcium, so that it is concentrated in bones if ingested (
is also radioactive.)
Got questions? Get instant answers now!
decay producing
. The parent nuclide is nearly 100% of the natural element and is found in gas lantern mantles and in metal alloys used in jets (
is also radioactive).
Got questions? Get instant answers now!
decay producing
. The parent nuclide is in the decay series produced by
, the only naturally occurring isotope of thorium.
Got questions? Get instant answers now!
When an electron and positron annihilate, both their masses are destroyed, creating two equal energy photons to preserve momentum. (a) Confirm that the annihilation equation
conserves charge, electron family number, and total number of nucleons. To do this, identify the values of each before and after the annihilation. (b) Find the energy of each
ray, assuming the electron and positron are initially nearly at rest. (c) Explain why the two
rays travel in exactly opposite directions if the center of mass of the electron-positron system is initially at rest.
(a)
(b) 0.511 MeV
(c) The two
rays must travel in exactly opposite directions in order to conserve momentum, since initially there is zero momentum if the center of mass is initially at rest.
Got questions? Get instant answers now!
Confirm that charge, electron family number, and the total number of nucleons are all conserved by the rule for
decay given in the equation
. To do this, identify the values of each before and after the decay.
Got questions? Get instant answers now!
Confirm that charge, electron family number, and the total number of nucleons are all conserved by the rule for
decay given in the equation
. To do this, identify the values of each before and after the decay.
Got questions? Get instant answers now!
Confirm that charge, electron family number, and the total number of nucleons are all conserved by the rule for
decay given in the equation
. To do this, identify the values of each before and after the decay.
Got questions? Get instant answers now!
Confirm that charge, electron family number, and the total number of nucleons are all conserved by the rule for electron capture given in the equation
. To do this, identify the values of each before and after the capture.
Got questions? Get instant answers now!
A rare decay mode has been observed in which
emits a
nucleus. (a) The decay equation is
. Identify the nuclide
. (b) Find the energy emitted in the decay. The mass of
is 222.015353 u.
Got questions? Get instant answers now!
(a) Write the complete
decay equation for
.
(b) Find the energy released in the decay.
(a)
(b) 4.87 MeV
Got questions? Get instant answers now!
(a) Write the complete
decay equation for the neutron. (b) Find the energy released in the decay.
(a)
(b) ) 0.783 MeV
Got questions? Get instant answers now!
(a) Write the complete
decay equation for
, a major waste product of nuclear reactors. (b) Find the energy released in the decay.
Got questions? Get instant answers now!
Calculate the energy released in the
decay of
, the equation for which is given in the text. The masses of
and
are 21.994434 and 21.991383 u, respectively.
Got questions? Get instant answers now!
(a) Write the complete
decay equation for
.
(b) Calculate the energy released in the decay. The masses of
and
are 11.011433 and 11.009305 u, respectively.
Got questions? Get instant answers now!
(a) Calculate the energy released in the
decay of
.
(b) What fraction of the mass of a single
is destroyed in the decay? The mass of
is 234.043593 u.
(c) Although the fractional mass loss is large for a single nucleus, it is difficult to observe for an entire macroscopic sample of uranium. Why is this?
(a) 4.274 MeV
(b)
(c) Since U-238 is a slowly decaying substance, only a very small number of nuclei decay on human timescales; therefore, although those nuclei that decay lose a noticeable fraction of their mass, the change in the total mass of the sample is not detectable for a macroscopic sample.
Got questions? Get instant answers now!
(a) Write the complete reaction equation for electron capture by
.
(b) Calculate the energy released.
(a)
(b) 2.754 MeV
Got questions? Get instant answers now!
Questions & Answers
start new n questions too
summarize halerambos & holbon
the Three stages of Auguste Comte
what are agents of socialization
definition of sociology of education
Nuhu
definition of sociology of education
Emmaunella
shared beliefs, values, and practices
AI-Robot
What are the two type of scientific method
what are the scientific method of sociology
Man
the process wherein people come to understand societal norms and expectations, to accept society's beliefs, and to be aware of societal values
AI-Robot
scientific method in doing research
ogunniran
defimition of sickness in afica
Anita
list and explain the terms that found in society
list and explain the terms that found in society
Mukhtar
what are the agents of socialization
Antonio
Family
Peer group
Institution
Abdulwajud
I mean the definition
Antonio
ways of perceived deviance indifferent society
reasons of joining groups
SAM
to bring development to the nation at large
Hyellafiya
entails of consultative and consensus building from others
Gadama
World first Sociologist?
Abu
What is evolutionary model
Evolution models refer to mathematical and computational representations of the processes involved in biological evolution. These models aim to simulate and understand how species change over time through mechanisms such as natural selection, genetic drift, and mutation. Evolutionary models can be u
faruk
what are the modern trends in religious behaviours
shared standards of acceptable behavior by the group or appropriate behavior in a particular institution or those behaviors that are acceptable in a society
Lucius
that is how i understood it
Lucius
examples of societal norms
Diamond
Discuss the characteristics of the research located within positivist and the interpretivist paradigm
Got questions? Join the online conversation and get instant answers!
Source:
OpenStax, College physics. OpenStax CNX. Jul 27, 2015 Download for free at http://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11406/1.9
Google Play and the Google Play logo are trademarks of Google Inc.