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Conceptual questions
Prescriptions for vision correction are given in units called
diopters (D). Determine the meaning of that unit. Obtain information (perhaps by calling an optometrist or performing an internet search) on the minimum uncertainty with which corrections in diopters are determined and the accuracy with which corrective lenses can be produced. Discuss the sources of uncertainties in both the prescription and accuracy in the manufacture of lenses.
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Problems&Exercises
Express your answers to problems in this section to the correct number of significant figures and proper units.
(a) A car speedometer has a
uncertainty. What is the range of possible speeds when it reads
? (b) Convert this range to miles per hour.
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(a) Suppose that a person has an average heart rate of 72.0 beats/min. How many beats does he or she have in 2.0 y? (b) In 2.00 y? (c) In 2.000 y?
(a)
(b)
(c)
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State how many significant figures are proper in the results of the following calculations: (a)
(b)
(c)
.
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(a) How many significant figures are in the numbers 99 and 100? (b) If the uncertainty in each number is 1, what is the percent uncertainty in each? (c) Which is a more meaningful way to express the accuracy of these two numbers, significant figures or percent uncertainties?
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(a) If your speedometer has an uncertainty of
at a speed of
, what is the percent uncertainty? (b) If it has the same percent uncertainty when it reads
, what is the range of speeds you could be going?
a)
(b)
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(a) A person’s blood pressure is measured to be
. What is its percent uncertainty? (b) Assuming the same percent uncertainty, what is the uncertainty in a blood pressure measurement of
?
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A person measures his or her heart rate by counting the number of beats in
. If
beats are counted in
, what is the heart rate and its uncertainty in beats per minute?
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A marathon runner completes a
course in
, 30 min, and
. There is an uncertainty of
in the distance traveled and an uncertainty of 1 s in the elapsed time. (a) Calculate the percent uncertainty in the distance. (b) Calculate the uncertainty in the elapsed time. (c) What is the average speed in meters per second? (d) What is the uncertainty in the average speed?
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The sides of a small rectangular box are measured to be
,
long. Calculate its volume and uncertainty in cubic centimeters.
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When non-metric units were used in the United Kingdom, a unit of mass called the
pound-mass (lbm) was employed, where
. (a) If there is an uncertainty of
in the pound-mass unit, what is its percent uncertainty? (b) Based on that percent uncertainty, what mass in pound-mass has an uncertainty of 1 kg when converted to kilograms?
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The length and width of a rectangular room are measured to be
and
. Calculate the area of the room and its uncertainty in square meters.
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A car engine moves a piston with a circular cross section of
diameter a distance of
to compress the gas in the cylinder. (a) By what amount is the gas decreased in volume in cubic centimeters? (b) Find the uncertainty in this volume.
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Questions & Answers
material that allows electric current to pass through
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Is the ship moving at a constant velocity?
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I need more explanation or all about kinematics
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Show that the equal masses particles emarge from collision at right angle by making explicit used of fact that momentum is a vector quantity
A wave is described by the function D(x,t)=(1.6cm) sin[(1.2cm^-1(x+6.8cm/st] what are:a.Amplitude b. wavelength c. wave number d. frequency e. period f. velocity of speed.
what is frontier of physics
A body is projected upward at an angle 45° 18minutes with the horizontal with an initial speed of 40km per second. In hoe many seconds will the body reach the ground then how far from the point of projection will it strike. At what angle will the horizontal will strike
Suppose hydrogen and oxygen are diffusing through air. A small amount of each is released simultaneously. How much time passes before the hydrogen is 1.00 s ahead of the oxygen? Such differences in arrival times are used as an analytical tool in gas chromatography.
what's the definition of physics
the science concerned with describing the interactions of energy, matter, space, and time; it is especially interested in what fundamental mechanisms underlie every phenomenon
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Source:
OpenStax, College physics. OpenStax CNX. Jul 27, 2015 Download for free at http://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11406/1.9
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