Solid state physics & Devices _the harbinger of third wave of  (Page 4/12)

1960AD- PDP I (Programmed Data Processor).This was introduced by Digital Equipment

(DEC).DEC was founded by Kenneth Olsen&Harlen Anderson .These were

also made of transistor. These were used as Office Computers. They were of

cabinet size. Control Panel and the Key Board sat on the desk. It cost $

120,000.00. This was way too expensive for most customers and for most

application. This started the era of Mini-Computer.

1960AD- Man-Computer Symbiosis was published by J.C. Licklider, an experimental

psychologist. This article stated that rote algorithm for computers&creative

heuristics for Humans put together could be far more powerful than either could

be separately.

1960AD- Sir Arthur’s Clark’s dream of Global Satellite Communication is realized.

1961AD- FIRST RLT (Resistance Transistor logic) IC Chip is commercially marketed by

T I (Texas Instrument) and FairChild.

1964AD -Semi-Automatic Business- Related Environment (SIBRE) is created by the

introduction of Nation-Wide Ticketing System like our Nation-Wide

Computerized Reservation System today in 2005 in Indian Railways.

1964AD-FIRST Analog IC Amp. Chip MC 1530 marketed by Motorola. Op. Amp.

Stands for Operational Amplifier which were in yesteryears used in Analog

Computers for different Mathematical Operations and hence the name Op.

Amp.

1964AD- PDP 8, table top computer introduced in the market .It was a 8-bit computer

meaning by the address size is 8 bit. Larger is the address word, larger is the

address capability. 4-bit means 16 locations can be addressed and 8-bit means

256 locations can be addressed. This used IC Chips hence it was compact and

less power consuming. This was THE THIRD GENERATION

COMPUTER.

Price $18,000.00, 125 kg, and 4kBytes memory.

1965AD- Project MAC, started by Licklider at MIT, evolved into first On-Line

Community, complete with bulletin boards, e-mails , virtual friendship and a

“free ware” exchange.

1968AD- MODEMS are used for Wide Area Network (WAN).

1968AD- December1968, demonstration at Fall Joint Computer Conference in San

Francisco established Graphical User Interface(GUI) with mouse, on screen

windows, full screen word processing and a host of other innovations.

1968AD- 18 ^th July, INTEL (Integrated Electronics) was established by Robert Noyce and

Gordon Moore . Later this team was joined by Andy Grove.

1970AD- Advance Research Program Agency (ARPA) established ARPANET, the first

WAN, connecting Stanford Research Institute, University of Utah, University of

California Los Angels and University of California Santa Barbara mainly for

Defence research purposes. In three years it grew to cover whole USA.

1970AD- PDP-11 introduced with 16 address word

1970AD- Magnetic Disks replace Magnetic Drum as back up memory. These are called

Floppies (8” or 20cm) or Diskettes(3.5”or 9cm ).Memory capacity is 1.44MB.

1971AD- FIRST INTEL MICROPRPCESSOR CHIP (μP 4004) introduced in the

market . It can handle 4-bit data word and 8-bit address word meaning by it can

address 256 locations. This 1 chip combined the function of 12 subsystems of a

CPU(Central Processor Unit). This one silicon chip (1cm×1cm)had 2300