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3.1 Input quantization noise analysis

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Analog-to-digital converters introduce quantization noise due to their finite wordlength. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) increases by 6 dB per bit.

All practical analog-to-digital converters (A/D) must quantize the input data. This can be modeled as an ideal sampler followedby a B -bit quantizer.

The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of an A/D is
SNR 10 10 logbase --> P x P n 10 10 logbase --> P x 10 10 logbase --> B 2 12 10 10 logbase --> P x 4.77 6.02 B
where P x is the power in the signal and P n is the power of the quantization noise, which equals its variance if it has a zero mean. The SNR increases by 6dB witheach additional bit.
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Source:  OpenStax, Digital filter structures and quantization error analysis. OpenStax CNX. Jan 02, 2005 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10259/1.1
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