1.1 The study of life Read Online
Viewed from space, Earth offers no clues about the diversity of life forms that reside there. The first forms of life on Earth are thought to have been microorganisms that existed for billions of years in the ocean before plants and animals appeared. The mammals, birds, and flowers so familiar to us are all relatively recent, originating 130 to 200 million years ago. Humans have inhabited this planet for only the last 2.5 million years, and only in the last 200,000 years have humans started looking like we do today.
Question: 11. Which is incorrect about rabies?
Choices:
a. Is a zoonotic disease
b. Wild populations of bats, skinks, raccoons, cats and canines are primary reservoirs
c. Transmission can involve bites, scratches and inhalation
d. Average incubation in human is 2 days
Question: 7. Which is not a characteristic of Helicobacter pylori?
Choices:
a. Causes destruction of the mucus layer that leads to erosion of the stomach wall
b. Produces enterotoxin that causes diarrhea
c. Produces urease that buffers stomach acidity
d. Lives in the stomach
Question: 8. What is not correct for Anthrax?
Choices:
a. It is caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis
b. Can be contracted by those who handle animals
c. Respiratory tract infection can be easily treated
d. Bacterial endospores are found in the soil
Question: Staphylococcus can cause food poisoning. Which is correct?
Choices:
The toxin produced by this bacterium can be destroyed by cooking
Antibiotics are used for treatment
The organism grows readily in the refrigerated food
It is part of normal flora of nasal cavity
Question: 4. The virulence factor for mumps is
Choices:
a. Inflammation
b. Acid production
c. Endotoxin
d. Formation of multinucleate cell – scyncytia
Question: 9. What group of microorganisms is not part of skin normal microbiota?
Choices:
a. Micrococci
b. Diphtheroids
c. Spirochetes
d. Yeasts
Question: 3. What is not correct for the dental plaque?
Choices:
a. The plaque is made up of streptococci and filamentous bacteria Actinomyces
b. Dental plaque is a biofilm
c. Inside the plaque, bacteria ferment fructose into lactic acid
d. Inside the plaque, bacteria ferment glucose into lactic acid
Question: 6. Penicillin is an efficient antibiotic against the following group of microbes:
Choices:
a. Protozoa
b. Fungi
c. Streptococci
d. Pseudomonas
Question: 5. What is correct for salmonellosis?
Choices:
a. Caused by Salmonella, Gr+ bacterium
b. Can be treated with antibiotics
c. Bacteria multiply in phagocytic cells
d. Incubation time is 3 weeks
Question: Hepatitis A
Choices:
a. Is caused by an enveloped virus
b. Is caused by a non-enveloped virus
c. Infection is acquired via oral rout
d. B and C is correct
Question: 10. Spongiform encephalopathies are
Choices:
a. Associated with abnormal, transmissible, protein in the brain
b. Chronic, fatal infections of the nervous system
c. Caused by prions
d. All of the choices are correct