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Natuurwetenskappe

Graad 8

Materie: klassifikasie

Module 22

Skeiding van mengsels

  • Afhangend van die tipe mengsel kan verskillende metodes van skeiding toegepas word.

Die onderwyser gaan die volgende METODES verduideliken moontlik demonstreer:

  • Handsortering – sorteer t.o.v. groottes, vorm en kleure
  • Filtrasie – een van stowwe is oplosbaar; indamping
  • Verdamping – los op in water en damp in
  • Skeitregter – twee vloeistowwe met verskillende digthede
  • Distillasie – gebruik 'n kondensor en distilleerfles; verhit en verdamp en kondenseer

APPARAAT:

Skets van filtreer- en distilleerapparaat, asook skeitregter.

Aktiwiteit: kies skeidingsmetode

MENGSEL METODE
Sand en sout
Boontjie en grondboontjies
Koeldrankstroop en water
Olie en water
Verskillende muntstukke

Opdrag

Verduidelik stapsgewys met behulp van sketse hoe jy te werk sal gaan om:

a) sand en sout te skei;

b) koeldrankstroop en water te skei.

1. Watter metode sou jy gebruik om varswater uit seewater te kry?

2. Hoekom maak die mens nie van die metode gebruik om varswaterbronne aan te vul nie?

3. Wat is die verskil tussen 'n distillaat en 'n filtraat?

4. Wat is fraksionele distillasie en noem twee bedrywe waar dit gebruik word.

Projek

Hoe sou jy water en alkohol skei?

  • Vind ook meer uit oor fraksionele distillasie .
  • Wenk: gebruik die kookpunte waaroor jy vroeër meer moes uitvind (leereenheid 3).
  • Sketse is belangrik!
  • Handig projek in op datum deur onderwyser bepaal.

Assessering van projek

Kon jy die projek beplan (AS 1.1), data insamel (AS 1.2) en bevindinge evalueer en kommunikeer (AS 1.3), asook enige kennis toepas (AS 2.4)?

[LU 1.1; 1.2; 1.3; 2.4]

Assessering

LU 1

Wetenskaplike Ondersoek

Die leerder is in staat om met selfvertroue op weetgierigheid oor natuurlike verskynsels te reageer, en om binne die konteks van wetenskap, tegnologie en die omgewing verbande te ondersoek en probleme op te los.

Dit is bewys as die leerder:

1.1 ondersoeke kan beplan;

1.2 ondersoeke kan uitvoer en data kan insamel;

1.3 data kan evalueer en bevindinge kan kommunikeer.

LU 2

Wetenskaplike Kennis

Die leerder ken, interpreteer en pas wetenskaplike, tegnologiese en omgewingskennis toe.

Dit is bewys as die leerder:

2.1 sinvolle inligting kan onthou;

2.2 inligting in kategorieë kan plaas;

2.3 inligting kan interpreteer;

2.4 kennis kan toepas.

Memorandum

Skeiding van mengsels

AKTIWITEIT: Kies skeidingsmetode

MENGSEL METODE
Sand en sout Filtreer
Boontjie en grondboontjies Handsortering
Koeldrankstroop en water Distillasie
Olie en water Skeitregter
Verskillende muntstukke Handsortering
  • Sketse – regte apparaat

1. distillasie

2. koste

3. distillaat – vloeistof kondenseer na distillasie

filtraat – vloeistof wat filtreer

4. filtrasie deur verskillende kookpunte, bv. olieraffinering en spiritualieë- (alkohol) bedryf

PROJEK:

  • Alkohol kook by 79 °C – fraksionele distillasie verwyder alkohol; water bly agter
  • Regulering van temperatuur met termometer uiters belangrik

Skets van Liebiegkondensor-opstelling belangrik.

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Source:  OpenStax, Natuurwetenskappe graad 8. OpenStax CNX. Sep 12, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11049/1.1
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