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Tegnologie

Graad 7

Stelsels en beheer: water

Module 1

Water

Agtergrond

Mense gebruik verskillende tipes masjiene om beweging te veroorsaak. In die verlede het krag om hierdie toestelle aan te dryf gekom van mense en diere wat waentjies, ploeë en sleë moes sleep; dus is dit slegs met brute spierkrag aangedryf. Later het die mense geleer om natuurlike kragte soos wind en lopende water ook te benut. Vandag word die meeste masjiene deur elektrisiteit aangedryf. Masjiene het ‘n elektriese motor of masjien wat die krag verskaf sodat ‘n voorwerp kan beweeg.

Kom ons ondersoek die energiebron wat in vloeiende water opgesluit is. Die energie word in ‘n hidro-elektriese kragstasie ingespan om elektrisiteit op te wek.

ONDERSOEK 1

Benodigdhede:

  • ‘n Skêr
  • ‘n Breinaald
  • ‘n Diep skinkbord
  • Twee strooitjies
  • Kleeflint
  • Dun tou
  • Water
  • ‘n Plastiese koeldrankbottel

Opdrag 1:

Om ‘n skets te maak

LU/AS 1.3

Maak ‘n bo-aansigskets met duidelike byskrifte van al die benodigdhede. Gebruik die korrekte verhouding, kleur en hoeveelhede.

Metode:

  1. Sny die boonste gedeelte van die koeldrankbottel af.
  2. Gebruik die breinaald en maak gaatjies rondom die bodem langs die kant ewe ver van mekaar reg rondom die bottel.
  3. Sny die strooitjies in 3 cm lengtes en steek hulle deur die gaatjies.
  4. Gebruik kleeflint om die strooitjies in posisie te hou.
  5. Maak drie gaatjies aan die bokant / rand van die bottel ewe ver uit mekaar.
  6. Maak drie ewe lang lengtes tou aan die gaatjies vas en maak hulle aan een lang stuk tou vas.
  7. Hou die bottel oor die skinkbord en maak die bottel vol water.

Wat is jul waarneming?

Die water spuit by die strooitjies uit en maak dat die bottel in die rondte tol. Dit word ‘ n turbine genoem.

ONDERSOEK 2

Kom ons ondersoek waar in ‘n plastiekbottel vol water die drukking die grootste is.

Benodigdhede:

  • ‘n 2 ℓ plastiek koeldrankbottel
  • ‘n Potlood
  • ‘n Diep skinkbord
  • ‘n Skêr
  • Kleeflint
  • Water

Metode:

  1. Skroef die doppie van die bottel af en maak drie gaatjies ‘n entjie uitmekaar, direk onder mekaar naby die bodem van die bottel. Gebruik ‘n potlood of ‘n skerp voorwerp om dit te doen.
  2. Plak kleeflint oor die gaatjies.
  3. Maak die bottel vol water.
  4. Trek nou die kleeflint vinnig en terselfdertyd af.

Wat is jul waarneming?

Die water spuit by die gaatjies uit. Die onderste stroom water spuit die verste.

Opdrag 2:

Om ‘n skets te maak

LU/AS 1.3

Maak ‘n skets met byskrifte om jou waarnemings te demonstreer. Gebruik gepaste kleur en skaduwee.

Waarom?

Lug druk op die water bo in die bottel. Die water bo druk op die water onder, daarom word die water wat onder in die bottel is met ‘n groter krag uitgedruk.

Assessering

Leeruitkomstes(LUs)
LU 1
Tegnologiese Prosesse en VaardighedeDie leerder is in staat om tegnologiese prosesse en vaardighede eties en verantwoordelik toe te pas deur gepaste inligtings- en kommunikasietegnologie te gebruik.
Assesseringstandaarde(ASe)
Dit is duidelik wanneer die leerder:
ondersoek :
1.2 bestaande produkte ondersoek wat toepaslik is vir ‘n probleem, situasie of behoefte gebaseer op die volgende kernaspekte van ontwerp:1.2.1 mense;1.2.2 doel;1.2.3 voorkoms;1.2.4 omgewing;1.2.5 veiligheid;1.2.6 koste;
1.3 ondersoek uitvoer deur middel van eenvoudige praktiese toetse met betrekking tot aspekte van die tegnologiese kennisvelde (Strukture, Verwerking, Stelsels en Beheer);

Memorandum

Opdrag 1

Leerders kan die voorwerpe bring en dit kan in die middel van ‘n groep geplaas word waarna elkeen dit kan skets in die gegewe spasie. Kleur en byskrifte moet dit ook vergesel.

Ondersoek 1

Die leerders kan die ondersoek in ‘n groep doen.

Ondersoek 2

Die leerders kan die ondersoek ook in ‘n groep doen.

Opdrag 2

Dit is belangrik om korrek waar te kan neem en met behulp van ‘n skets die waarneming te kan demonstreer. Die agtergrond oor waterwiele kan m.b.v. sketse en aanvullende leermateriaal aan die leerders bekend gestel word

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Source:  OpenStax, Tegnologie graad 7. OpenStax CNX. Sep 10, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11031/1.1
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