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3.21 Om sure en basisse met behulp van indikatore te kan identifiseer

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Natuurwetenskappe

Materie, meting en reaksies

Reaksies tussen soorte materie: sure en basisse

Opvoeder afdeling

Memorandum

A. Asyn: Dit raak ligter van kleur

Lemmetjiesap: Dit raak melkerig en ligter

Koeksoda: Dit raak donker en skuimerig

Magnesiamelk: Dit raak ligter en melkerig

Suur en tee: Ligter

Alkalie en tee: Donkerder

Broomtimolblou (BTB) as indikator

Water: Neutraal

Wynsteensuur: Suur

Sout: Suur

Ammoniak: Basis

Lakmoespapier as indikator

Bakpoeier: basis Bier: suur

Koeksoda: basis Versiersuiker: neutraal

Skeerroom: basis Haarsjampoe: basis

Melk: basis Koffie: suur

Slaaisous: suur Gaskoeldrank: suur

Leerder afdeling

Inhoud

Aktiwiteit: om sure en basisse met behulp van indikatore te kan identifiseer [lu 1.2, lu 1.3]

Aangesien daar baie stowwe is wat gevaarlik is om aan te proe, gaan ons ander metodes gebruik om vas te stel of stowwe suur of alkalies is.

Ons gaan gebruik maak van:

  • swart tee
  • broomtimolblou
  • lakmoespapier / lakmoesoplossing

Wanneer ‘n motoris wil links draai, gebruik hy die flikkerlig om aan te dui wat hy van plan is om te doen. Die flikkerlig dien as ‘n indikator. Bogenoemde middels gaan vir ons aandui of stowwe sure, alkalies of neutraal is en word chemiese indikators genoem.

Swart tee

Voeg ongeveer 5 cm³ (5 ml) swart tee by elke proefbuis, soos wat in die volgende skets aangedui word.

Voeg dan:

  • ‘n bietjie asyn in proefbuis nr. 1
  • ‘n bietjie lemmetjiesap in proefbuis nr. 2
  • ‘n bietjie koeksoda in proefbuis nr. 3
  • en ‘n bietjie magnesiamelk in proefbuis nr. 4 .

Die tee in die vyfde proefbuis sal gebruik word om veranderings in ander proefbuise waar te neem.

  • Kyk wat gebeur en voltooi die gegewe tabel om jou waarneming te noteer:
Stof Beskryf die kleurverandering
Asyn _____________________________________________
Lemmetjiesap _____________________________________________
Koeksoda _____________________________________________
Magnesiamelk _____________________________________________

Voltooi die volgende gevolgtrekkings:

  • Wanneer ‘n suur (asyn/lemmetjiesap) by swart tee gevoeg word, word die oplossing

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

  • Indien ‘n mens egter ‘n alkaliese stof (koeksoda/magnesiamelk) by swart tee voeg, word die oplossing

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

Broomtimolblou (BTB)

Voeg ongeveer 5 cm³ (5 ml) suiwer water by elke proefbuis soos in die volgende skets aangedui word.

Voeg 5 druppels BTB by die water in elke proefbuis. Die BTB behoort nou ‘n groenerige kleur te hê. Neem die volgende stelling in ag wanneer jy toets of die daaropvolgende stowwe sure of basisse is:

Broomtimolblou word geel in ‘n suuroplossing, maar vertoon blou as dit met ‘n basis in verbinding kom. Die kleur van BTB verander nie in ‘n neutrale oplossing nie.

Stof Suur Basis Neutraal
  • Water
  • Wynsteensuur
  • Sout
  • Ammoniak

Lakmoespapier

Gebruik blou of rooi lakmoespapier om vas te stel of die volgende stowwe sure of basisse is.

Plaas ‘n druppel van elke oplossing op die lakmoespapier. Indien die stof in poeiervorm is, los dit eers op in water. Onoplosbare stowwe kan met water gemeng word om ‘n pasta te vorm.

Bakpoeier ______________ Bier ______________
Koeksoda ______________ Versiersuiker ______________
Skeerroom ______________ Haar sjampoe ______________
Melk ______________ Koffie ______________
Slaaisous ______________ Gaskoeldrank ______________

Assessering

Leeruitkomste 1: Die leerder is in staat om met selfvertroue op weetgierigheid oor natuurlike verskynsels te reageer, en om binne die konteks van wetenskap, tegnologie en die omgewing verbande te ondersoek en probleme op te los.

Assesseringstandaard 1.2: Dit is duidelik wanneer die leerder ondersoeke uitvoer en data versamel: organiseer en gebruik apparaat/toerusting of bronne om inligting in te win en te noteer.

Assesseringstandaard 1.3: Dit is duidelik wanneer die leerder data evalueer en bevindings kommunikeer: veralgemeen in terme van relevante aspekte en beskryf hoe die data die veralgemening onderskryf.

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Source:  OpenStax, Natuurwetenskappe graad 7. OpenStax CNX. Sep 16, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11078/1.1
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