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Natuurwetenskappe

Graad 8

Energie en verandering

Module 12

Breking van wit lig

Refraksie

Tydens ligbreking of refraksie sal ligstrale breek of van rigting verander as dit van een ligmedium na ‘n ander deurgaan, bv. wanneer lig deur ‘n glasruit gaan. Lig beweeg die vinnigste wanneer dit deur ‘n lugleegte of VAKUUM beweeg (spoed van lig).

Dit gaan effe stadiger (omtrent 25% stadiger) deur gewone lug en heelwat stadiger deur glas.

Refraksie word in honderde toestelle en toepassings gebruik, bv. in brille, mikroskope, teleskope en nog baie meer. Een van die interessante verskynsels bly egter in die natuur wanneer ligbreking deur honderde waterdruppels veroorsaak word om ‘n reënboog te vorm.

Willabond Snell (1580-1626) was die eerste wetenskaplike wat ondersoek oor ligbreking gedoen het. Lees meer op oor hom.

Aktiwiteit:

Om breking van wit lig te ondersoek

[LU 2.1, 2.4]

Die split van wit lig:

  • Die verskynsel kan in die klas gedemonstreer word deur ‘n ligstraal deur ‘n PRISMA te skyn. ‘n Prisma is ‘n driehoekige glas- of perspeksblok. So sal jy vind dat wit lig uit alle kleure van ‘n reënboog saamgestel is – mens noem hierdie kleurereeks die SPEKTRUM .
  • Nie alle kleure wat wit lig saamstel, beweeg egter teen dieselfde spoed nie.
  • Rooi – met die langste golflengte - sal die minste ligbreking ondergaan. Aan die ander kant van die SPEKTRUM sal blou lig – met die kortste golflengte – die meeste ligbreking toon.

Brille is iets wat vir baie mense met bysiendheid en versiendheid verligting bring.

Opdrag 1:

Onderskei tussen die twee:

Bysiendheid:

V ersiendheid:

Brille se lense kan net soos weerkaatsingsoppervlaktes, waarvan jy reeds geleer het, ook konkaaf of konveks gemaak word. Die lens word egter aan beide kante so gebuig – ons praat van bikonveks en bikonkaaf .

Assessering

LU 1

Wetenskaplike Ondersoek Die leerder is in staat om met selfvertroue op weetgierigheid oor natuurlike verskynsels te reageer, en om binne die konteks van wetenskap, tegnologie en die omgewing verbande te ondersoek en probleme op te los.

Dit word bewys as die leerder:

1.1 ondersoeke kan beplan;

1.2 ondersoeke kan uitvoer en data kan insamel;

1.3 data kan evalueer en bevindinge kan kommunikeer.

LU 2

Wetenskaplike KennisDie leerder ken, interpreteer en pas wetenskaplike, tegnologiese en omgewingskennis toe.

Dit word bewys as die leerder:

2.1 sinvolle inligting kan oproep;

2.2 inligting in kategorieë kan plaas;

2.3 inligting kan interpreteer;

2.4 kennis kan toepas.

LU 3

Wetenskap, Omgewing en die GemeenskapDie leerder is in staat om begrip van die onderlinge verband tussen wetenskap en tegnologie, die samelewing en die omgewing te toon.

Dit word bewys as die leerder:

3.1 wetenskap as ‘n menslike aktiwiteit kan verstaan;

3.2 volhoubare gebruik van die aarde se hulpbronne verstaan.

Memorandum

REFRAKSIE:

  • Tydens ligbreking of refraksie sal ligstrale breek of rigting verander as dit van een ligmedium na ‘n ander deurgaan, bv. wanneer lig deur ‘n glasruit gaan. Lig beweeg op sy vinnigste
  • wanneer dit deur ‘n lugleegte of VAKUUM beweeg (spoed van lig). Dit gaan effe stadiger (omtrent 25% stadiger) deur gewone lug en heelwat stadiger deur glas.
  • Refraksie word in honderde toestelle en toepassings gebruik, bv. in brille, mikroskope, teleskope en nog baie meer. Een van die interessante verskynsels bly egter in die natuur wanneer ligbreking deur honderde waterdruppels veroorsaak word om ‘n reënboog te vorm.
  • Willabond Snell (1580-1626) was die eerste wetenskaplike wat ondersoek oor ligbreking gedoen het. Lees meer op oor hom.

DIE SPLIT VAN WIT LIG:

Aktiwiteit:

OPDRAG 1:

  • Die verskynsel kan in die klas gedemonstreer word deur ‘n ligstraal deur ‘n PRISMA te skyn.
  • ‘n Prisma is ‘n driehoekige glas- of perspeksblok.
  • Wit lig is uit alle kleure van ‘n reënboog saamgestel – mens noem hierdie kleurereeks die SPEKTRUM .

Nie alle kleure wat wit lig saamstel, beweeg egter teen dieselfde spoed nie.

Rooi – met die langste golflengte - sal die minste ligbreking ondergaan. Aan die ander kant van die SPEKTRUM sal blou lig – met die kortste golflengte – die meeste ligbreking toon.

Voltooi die volgende skets deur die spektrum met kleurpotlode in te teken.

  • Brille is iets wat vir baie mense met bysiendheid en versienheid verligting bring.
  • BYSIENDHEID: Mense wat naby goed sien, maar ver voorwerpe raak dof
  • VERSIENDHEID: Mense wat ver goed kan sien, maar naby focus, soos lees, is moeilik veral ouer persone ontwikkel hierdie probleem.
  • Brille se lense kan net soos weerkaatsingsoppervlaktes, waarvan reeds geleer is, ook konkaaf of konveks gemaak word. Die lens word egter aan beide kante so gebuig – ons praat van bikonveks en bikonkaaf.
  • Verdere moontlikhede:
  • Lens ligbreking
  • Gaatjie-kamera en verkyker

Questions & Answers

Three charges q_{1}=+3\mu C, q_{2}=+6\mu C and q_{3}=+8\mu C are located at (2,0)m (0,0)m and (0,3) coordinates respectively. Find the magnitude and direction acted upon q_{2} by the two other charges.Draw the correct graphical illustration of the problem above showing the direction of all forces.
Kate Reply
To solve this problem, we need to first find the net force acting on charge q_{2}. The magnitude of the force exerted by q_{1} on q_{2} is given by F=\frac{kq_{1}q_{2}}{r^{2}} where k is the Coulomb constant, q_{1} and q_{2} are the charges of the particles, and r is the distance between them.
Muhammed
What is the direction and net electric force on q_{1}= 5µC located at (0,4)r due to charges q_{2}=7mu located at (0,0)m and q_{3}=3\mu C located at (4,0)m?
Kate Reply
what is the change in momentum of a body?
Eunice Reply
what is a capacitor?
Raymond Reply
Capacitor is a separation of opposite charges using an insulator of very small dimension between them. Capacitor is used for allowing an AC (alternating current) to pass while a DC (direct current) is blocked.
Gautam
A motor travelling at 72km/m on sighting a stop sign applying the breaks such that under constant deaccelerate in the meters of 50 metres what is the magnitude of the accelerate
Maria Reply
please solve
Sharon
8m/s²
Aishat
What is Thermodynamics
Muordit
velocity can be 72 km/h in question. 72 km/h=20 m/s, v^2=2.a.x , 20^2=2.a.50, a=4 m/s^2.
Mehmet
A boat travels due east at a speed of 40meter per seconds across a river flowing due south at 30meter per seconds. what is the resultant speed of the boat
Saheed Reply
50 m/s due south east
Someone
which has a higher temperature, 1cup of boiling water or 1teapot of boiling water which can transfer more heat 1cup of boiling water or 1 teapot of boiling water explain your . answer
Ramon Reply
I believe temperature being an intensive property does not change for any amount of boiling water whereas heat being an extensive property changes with amount/size of the system.
Someone
Scratch that
Someone
temperature for any amount of water to boil at ntp is 100⁰C (it is a state function and and intensive property) and it depends both will give same amount of heat because the surface available for heat transfer is greater in case of the kettle as well as the heat stored in it but if you talk.....
Someone
about the amount of heat stored in the system then in that case since the mass of water in the kettle is greater so more energy is required to raise the temperature b/c more molecules of water are present in the kettle
Someone
definitely of physics
Haryormhidey Reply
how many start and codon
Esrael Reply
what is field
Felix Reply
physics, biology and chemistry this is my Field
ALIYU
field is a region of space under the influence of some physical properties
Collete
what is ogarnic chemistry
WISDOM Reply
determine the slope giving that 3y+ 2x-14=0
WISDOM
Another formula for Acceleration
Belty Reply
a=v/t. a=f/m a
IHUMA
innocent
Adah
pratica A on solution of hydro chloric acid,B is a solution containing 0.5000 mole ofsodium chlorid per dm³,put A in the burret and titrate 20.00 or 25.00cm³ portion of B using melting orange as the indicator. record the deside of your burret tabulate the burret reading and calculate the average volume of acid used?
Nassze Reply
how do lnternal energy measures
Esrael
Two bodies attract each other electrically. Do they both have to be charged? Answer the same question if the bodies repel one another.
JALLAH Reply
No. According to Isac Newtons law. this two bodies maybe you and the wall beside you. Attracting depends on the mass och each body and distance between them.
Dlovan
Are you really asking if two bodies have to be charged to be influenced by Coulombs Law?
Robert
like charges repel while unlike charges atttact
Raymond
What is specific heat capacity
Destiny Reply
Specific heat capacity is a measure of the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree Celsius (or Kelvin). It is measured in Joules per kilogram per degree Celsius (J/kg°C).
AI-Robot
specific heat capacity is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree Celsius or kelvin
ROKEEB
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Source:  OpenStax, Natuurwetenskappe graad 8. OpenStax CNX. Sep 12, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11049/1.1
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