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3.1 Herken en visualiseer 3-dimensionele voorwerpe uit die omgewing

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Wiskunde

Graad 4

Meting, ruimte en vorms (meetkunde)

Module 11

Herken en visualiseer 3-dimensionele voorwerpe uit die omgewing

Aktiwiteit 1:

  • Om 3-dimensionele voorwerpe uit die omgewing te herken, te visualiseer en te benoem [LU 3.1]
  • Om hulle te beskryf, uit te sorteer en te vergelyk [LU 3.2]

Prismas, reghoekige prismas, sfere, silinders, piramides, en ander voorwerpe kom oral om ons voor.

1. Bestudeer die volgende drie-dimensionele voorwerpe om hulle name te leer ken en om hulle te kan herken om daardeur in staat te wees om soortgelyke voorwerpe in die wêreld om ons te herken en te benoem:

2. Voorwerpe uit die wêreld rondom ons: Probeer om die 3-D voorwerpe te teken en te benoem:

Item Tekening Geometriese term vir die voorwerp
Krieketbal
Blokkie suiker (klont)
Blikkie hondekos
Roomyshorinkie
Dosie vuurhoutjies
Pak graanvlokkies
Driehoekige doos lekkergoed

3. Meer vorms en voorwerpe.

3.1 Skryf die naam van elk van die volgende (soliede) voorwerpe onder die korrekte geometriese term neer: die son; 'n stuk spaghetti; 'n blokkie ys; 'n gewone kers; die steel van 'n tuinhark; 'n boek; 'n lemoen; 'n baksteen; 'n blok margarien. Dink aan nog meer en skryf hulle name ook in die kolomme, veral in dié kolomme wat effens leeg lyk.

3.2 Vergelyk jou lyste met dié van jou maats. Indien jy iets teëkom waaraan jy nie gedink het nie, kan jy dit gerus by jou lys voeg.

Sfeer Silinder Kubus Kubusvormig (reghoekige prisma) Piramide Keël

4. Skryf die korrekte geometriese term langsaan elk van die volgende:

  • 'n woonstelblok
  • die muur van 'n rondawel
  • 'n wigwam / tepee
  • die dak van 'n rondawel
  • die rotsblokke by Stonehenge

5. Kyk weer na die voorwerpe. Hoeveel oppervlakke het hulle? Is die oppervlakke plat of gerond? Wat is die vorm van die oppervlakke? Vul die ontbrekende woorde in om die voorwerpe te beskrywe:

Voorwerp Aantal oppervlakke Plat of geronde oppervlakke Vorm van die oppervlakke
'n Doos koringvlokkies
'n Bal
‘n Blokkie suiker
'n Kers
'n Piramide Sye:Basis:

Aktiwiteit 2:

Om 2-D fatsoene en 3-D voorwerpe te herken, te visualiseer en te benoem [LU 3.1]

Om 2-D fatsoene en 3-D voorwerpe te beskryf, uit te sorteer en te vergelyk [LU 3.2]

Om 2-D fatsoene en 3-D voorwerpe en patrone uit tangramme te skep [LU 3.5]

  • Twee-dimensionele vorms is plat. Ons kan hulle op 'n vel papier teken . Veelhoeke is geslote geometriese vorms met reguit sye.

1. Veelhoeke : Gebruik 'n potlood en 'n liniaal om te oefen om hierdie vorms te teken.

3 sye: Driehoeke

4 sye: Vierhoeke

5 sye: Vyfhoeke (Wanneer al die sye ewe lank is, is dit 'n reëlmatige vyfhoek; as hulle verskillende lengtes het, is dit 'n onreëlmatige vyfhoek.)

6 sye: Seshoek/Heksagoon

7 sye: Heptagoon

(Probeer om een gewone sewe-sydige vorm te teken.)

2. Sirkels

2.1 Sirkels is nie veelhoeke nie. Kyk na die sirkel hier onder en vergelyk dit met die veelhoeke wat ons bespreek het:

  • Voltooi: Die sirkel is nie 'n veelhoek nie, omdat __________________

3. Probeer nou om aan 'n voorbeeld uit jou omgewing te dink van elke fatsoen waaroor ons gesels het. Onthou dat almal plat moet wees, omdat hulle tweedimensioneel is. Vul die padtekens wat jy om jou sien en langs die pad waarneem wanneer jy skool toe gaan in die fatsoene hier onder in.

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Source:  OpenStax, Wiskunde graad 4. OpenStax CNX. Sep 18, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11100/1.1
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