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Wiskunde

Graad 5

Gewone breuke en desimale breuke

Module 39

Om probleme in konteks op te los

Aktiwiteit 1:

Om probleme in konteks op te los [lu 1.6.2]

1. Verdeel in groepe van drie. Vind die oplossings vir die volgende probleme sonder om jul sakrekenaars te gebruik.

  • ‘n Boer kort die volgende lengtes planke vir ‘n hoenderhok met stellasies wat hy wil bou:
  • een plank van 4,3 m
  • een plank van 2,58 m
  • een plank van 3,26 m

Wat is die totale lengte van al 3 planke?

1.2 In ‘n sekere woonarea moet bome afgesaag word omdat dit aan die telefoondrade raak. As hulle 0,259 m by die een boom, 1,5 m by die tweede boom en 2,93 m by die derde boom afsaag, hoeveel meter van die bome is altesaam afgesaag?

1.3 Drie geboue moet geverf word. As die een gebou 16,8 m hoog is, die tweede een 23,495 m hoog is en die derde een 46,77 m hoog is, hoeveel meter muur moet altesaam geverf word?

Aktiwiteit 2:

Om die gelykwaardigheid en geldigheid van verskillende voorstellings van dieselfde probleem deur vergelyking en bespreking te bepaal [lu 2.6.3]

Optelling van desimale breuke

1. Julle het nou die geleentheid gehad om in Aktiwiteit 2.15 probleme d.m.v. jul eie metodes en tegnieke op te los. Werk nou saam met ’n maat. Lees die probleem en werk dan deur die verskillende oplossings van die verskillende leerders.

Drie geboue is onderskeidelik 58,2 m ; 63,54 m en 39,249 m hoog. Hoe hoog is die drie geboue altesaam?

  • Ek moet 58,2 + 63,54 + 39,249 bereken:

Dit is presies dieselfde as

58 + 2 10 size 12{ { {2} over {"10"} } } {} + 63 + 5 10 size 12{ { {5} over {"10"} } } {} + 4 100 size 12{ { {4} over {"100"} } } {} + 39 + 2 10 size 12{ { {2} over {"10"} } } {} + 4 100 size 12{ { {4} over {"100"} } } {} + 9 1000 size 12{ { {9} over {"1000"} } } {}

Ek tel eers al die heelgetalle bymekaar: 58 + 63 + 39 = 160

Dan tel ek die tiendes bymekaar: 2 10 size 12{ { {2} over {"10"} } } {} + 5 10 size 12{ { {5} over {"10"} } } {} + 2 10 size 12{ { {2} over {"10"} } } {} = 9 10 size 12{ { {9} over {"10"} } } {}

Dan tel ek die honderdstes bymekaar: 4 100 size 12{ { {4} over {"100"} } } {} + 4 100 size 12{ { {4} over {"100"} } } {} = 8 100 size 12{ { {8} over {"100"} } } {}

Laastens tel ek alles bymekaar: 160 + 9 10 size 12{ { {9} over {"10"} } } {} + 8 100 size 12{ { {8} over {"100"} } } {} + 9 1000 size 12{ { {9} over {"1000"} } } {}

= 160 + 900 1000 size 12{ { {"900"} over {"1000"} } } {} + 80 1000 size 12{ { {"80"} over {"1000"} } } {} + 9 1000 size 12{ { {9} over {"1000"} } } {}

= 160 989 1000 size 12{ { {"989"} over {"1000"} } } {}

= 160,989

  • Ek gebruik die notasiekolom om die som van 58,2 ; 63,54 en 39,249 te bereken:
T E t h d
5 8 2
6 3 5 4
3 9 2 5 5
16 0 9 8 9

Die drie geboue is dus altesaam 160,989 m hoog.

1.3 Ek moet 58,2 + 63,54 + 39,249 bereken.

Ek doen dit presies net soos gewone optelling, maar ek hou die kommas presies onder mekaar!

58,20

63,54

+ 39,249

160,989

2. Watter metode verkies jy?

Hoekom?

3. Hoe vergelyk die eerste twee metodes met mekaar?

Aktiwiteit 3:

Om te bereken deur seleksie en gebruik van bewerkings wat geskik is (addisioneel) [lu 1.8]

1. Kom ons kyk nou hoe vaar jy op jou eie! Probeer om die volgende sonder ’n sakrekenaar te bereken:

1.1: 3,247 + 117,9 + 36,58

1.2: 2,36 + 18,459 + 23,7

1.3: 5,742 + 87,62 + 49,136

1.4: 48,5 + 231,8 + 9,826

2. Probeer die volgende doen sonder om enige skriftelike berekenings te doen.: ’n Boer wil sy kamp met draad toemaak, maar het net los stukke draad. Hy het ’n stuk van 2,5 m,; nog ’n stuk van 0,5 m en ’n derde stuk van 1,5 m. Hoeveel draad het die boer altesaam?

3. Verduidelik aan ’n maat hoe jy jou antwoord bereken het.

4. Kontroleer al jou antwoorde by nommer 1 en 2 met ’n sakrekenaar.

Kopkrapper!

an jy die volgende towervierkante oplos? Jy mag jou sakrekenaar gebruik.

0,6 0,1
0,5
0,4

0,6 0,1
0,5
0,4

Aktiwiteit 4:

Om probleme in konteks op te los [lu 1.6.2]

1. Verdeel in groepe van drie. Jul opvoeder sal vir julle sê watter een van die onderstaande probleme julle moet oplos. Julle sal ook van die nodige papier voorsien word. Onthou: geen sakrekenaars nie!

Questions & Answers

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Communication is effective because it allows individuals to share ideas, thoughts, and information with others.
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Source:  OpenStax, Wiskunde graad 5. OpenStax CNX. Sep 07, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10993/1.1
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