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1.1 The study of life Read Online
Viewed from space, Earth offers no clues about the diversity of life forms that reside there. The first forms of life on Earth are thought to have been microorganisms that existed for billions of years in the ocean before plants and animals appeared. The mammals, birds, and flowers so familiar to us are all relatively recent, originating 130 to 200 million years ago. Humans have inhabited this planet for only the last 2.5 million years, and only in the last 200,000 years have humans started looking like we do today.
Chapter 12: Mendel's Experiments and Heredity MCQ Multiple Choices Questions Quiz Test Bank
12.1 Mendel's Experiments and the Laws of Probability
12.2 Characteristics and Traits
12.3 Laws of Inheritance
Question: The forked line and probability methods make use of what probability rule?
Choices:
test cross
product rule
monohybrid rule
sum rule
Question: Imagine you are performing a cross involving seed color in garden pea plants. What F1 offspring would you expect if you cross true-breeding parents with green seeds and yellow seeds? Yellow seed color is dominant over green.
Choices:
100 percent yellow-green seeds
100 percent yellow seeds
50 percent yellow, 50 percent green seeds
25 percent green, 75 percent yellow seeds
Question: If black and white true-breeding mice are mated and the result is all gray offspring, what inheritance pattern would this be indicative of?
Choices:
dominance
codominance
multiple alleles
incomplete dominance
Question: A recessive trait will be observed in individuals that are ________ for that trait.
Choices:
heterozygous
homozygous or heterozygous
homozygous
diploid
Question: The ABO blood groups in humans are expressed as the IA, IB, and i alleles. The IA allele encodes the A blood group antigen, IB encodes B, and i encodes O. Both A and B are dominant to O. If a heterozygous blood type A parent (IAi) and a heterozygous blood type B parent (IBi) mate, one quarter of their offspring will have AB blood type (IAIB) in which both antigens are expressed equally. Therefore, ABO blood groups are an example of:
Choices:
multiple alleles and incomplete dominance
codominance and incomplete dominance
incomplete dominance only
multiple alleles and codominance
Question: Assuming no gene linkage, in a dihybrid cross of AABB x aabb with AaBb F1 heterozygotes, what is the ratio of the F1 gametes (AB, aB, Ab, ab) that will give rise to the F2 offspring?
Choices:
1:1:1:1
1:3:3:1
1:2:2:1
4:3:2:1
Question: In a mating between two individuals that are heterozygous for a recessive lethal allele that is expressed in utero, what genotypic ratio (homozygous dominant:heterozygous:homozygous recessive) would you expect to observe in the offspring?
Choices:
1:2:1
3:1:1
1:2:0
0:2:1
Question: Consider a cross to investigate the pea pod texture trait, involving constricted or inflated pods. Mendel found that the traits behave according to a dominant/recessive pattern in which inflated pods were dominant. If you performed this cross and obtained 650 inflatedpod plants in the F2 generation, approximately how many constricted-pod plants would you expect to have?
Choices:
600
165
217
468
Question: The observable traits expressed by an organism are described as its ________.
Choices:
phenotype
genotype
alleles
zygote
Question: Which is one of the seven characteristics that Mendel observed in pea plants?
Choices:
flower size
seed texture
leaf shape
stem color
Question: Mendel performed hybridizations by transferring pollen from the _______ of the male plant to the female ova.
Choices:
anther
pistil
stigma
seed