Natural sciences
Grade 9
Life processes: healthy life
Module 8
Family planning and vevereal diseases
Venereal disease:
- As sex involves close contact between two persons, infectious diseases are transferred very easily. VENEREAL DISEASE is transferred through SEXUAL CONTACT .
Venereal diseases have different symptoms:
AIDS
- The immune system is under attack
The infected person develops illnesses such as cancer, pneumonia and fungal infections and has no defense against them
GONORRHOEA
- Babies are born blind
- Burning sensation when urinating
Painful wrists
SYPHILIS
- Sores on genital organs
- Skin rashes
Bacteria could attack the brain and cause blindness and mental disease
- QUESTIONS ABOUT VENEREAL DISEASES:
1. Which of the above diseases can be treated successfully? How?
2. What is the difference between “HIV-positive” and “AIDS”?
3. How could a person who is HIV-positive extend his or her life expectancy?
4. What is NEVIRAPINE and for what is it prescribed?
Assessment: Questions on VENEREAL DISEASES
Were you able to answer the questions successfully?
LO 2.3
Family planning and contraception:
Couples nowadays have various reasons for wanting to limit the size of their families to fewer or no children and the prevention of pregnancy has become an important issue for them.
Family planning concerns a couple’s planning for pregnancies, usually with the idea of providing financial security for their children.
Many couples, however, simply want to prevent pregnancy altogether and therefore make use of the same METHODS OF contraceptiON .
Methods of contraception:
- There are NATURAL and ARTIFICIAL MEANS of contraception:
Natural:
- ABSTINENCE – no sexual intercourse. The popularity of this method by young people is increasing. It is one of a few methods that prevent pregnancy completely (100%) and also prevents sexual diseases.
- The rhythm method – During ovulation the body temperature increases. By keeping a record of body temperature, a woman can know when she is ovulating. This information can help couples to avoid, or achieve, pregnancy.
Artificial methods:
CONDOM: a rubber sheath placed over the penis
DIAPHRAGM: a rubber shield that is inserted by a woman before intercourse
IUD (intra-uterine device). A device that is inserted into the uterus by a doctor, and which remains in place for months
CONTRACEPTIVE PILLS: “The Pill”
STERILISATION:Tubes are bound or severed
Class activity: discussion on contraception
1. Why should people use family planning? List three reasons.
2. Explain why the rhythm method is not very dependable as a method of contraception.
3. Why is abstinence gaining popularity as a method of contraception?
4. Explain why none of the artificial methods can be regarded as 100% reliable.
5. Explain what each of the following is:
a) a VASECTOMY
b) a HYSTERECTOMY
c) SPERMICIDAL CREAM
6. When you marry, how many children would you like to have, and why?
7. What do you think of ABORTION? Remember that all of us are entitled to our own opinions!
Assessment: CLASS DISCUSSION
Are you able to detect the connection between science and the society in which you live?
SO 3.1
Assessment
Learning Outcomes 2 : Constructing Science Knowledge
The learner will know and be able to interpret and apply scientific, technological and environmental knowledge.
We know this when the learner:
2.3 interprets information
Learning Outcomes 3: Science, society and environment
The learner will be able to demonstrate an understanding of the interrelationships between science and technology, society and the environment.
We know this when the learner:
3.1 understands science as a human endeavour.
Memorandum
QUESTIONS ABOUT VENEREAL DISEASES:
1. bacterial infections can be treated with antibiotics
2. HIV+ means that a person has been infected with the virus; AIDS is the full-blown disease
3. A healthy lifestyle, exercise, plenty of fresh vegetables and fruit, medication that suppresses the virus infection
4. Prevents mother to child transmission of the virus at and after birth
CLASS ACTIVITY: DISCUSSION ON CONTRACEPTION
1. Quality of life, financial security, costs of living, education
2. cycles may vary – not reliable
3. the only method with real guarantees; return to stronger moral values because of fears related to HIV and other factors
4. All are fallible because of the human aspect.
5. a) severing of sperm tubes of the male – sterilisation
b) removal of the uterus of the female – sterilisation
c) medicinal cream that is usually applied together with other products for contraception
6 and 7 own opinion