<< Chapter < Page Chapter >> Page >

For the equation A cos ( B x + C ) + D , what constants affect the range of the function and how do they affect the range?

The absolute value of the constant A (amplitude) increases the total range and the constant D (vertical shift) shifts the graph vertically.

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

How does the range of a translated sine function relate to the equation y = A sin ( B x + C ) + D ?

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

How can the unit circle be used to construct the graph of f ( t ) = sin t ?

At the point where the terminal side of t intersects the unit circle, you can determine that the sin t equals the y -coordinate of the point.

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Graphical

For the following exercises, graph two full periods of each function and state the amplitude, period, and midline. State the maximum and minimum y -values and their corresponding x -values on one period for x > 0. Round answers to two decimal places if necessary.

f ( x ) = 2 3 cos x

A graph of (2/3)cos(x). Graph has amplitude of 2/3, period of 2pi, and range of [-2/3, 2/3].

amplitude: 2 3 ; period: 2 π ; midline: y = 0 ; maximum: y = 2 3 occurs at x = 0 ; minimum: y = 2 3 occurs at x = π ; for one period, the graph starts at 0 and ends at 2 π

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

f ( x ) = 3 sin x

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

f ( x ) = 4 sin x

A graph of 4sin(x). Graph has amplitude of 4, period of 2pi, and range of [-4, 4].

amplitude: 4; period: 2 π ; midline: y = 0 ; maximum y = 4 occurs at x = π 2 ; minimum: y = 4 occurs at x = 3 π 2 ; one full period occurs from x = 0 to x = 2 π

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

f ( x ) = cos ( 2 x )

A graph of cos(2x). Graph has amplitude of 1, period of pi, and range of [-1,1].

amplitude: 1; period: π ; midline: y = 0 ; maximum: y = 1 occurs at x = π ; minimum: y = 1 occurs at x = π 2 ; one full period is graphed from x = 0 to x = π

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

f ( x ) = 2 sin ( 1 2 x )

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

f ( x ) = 4 cos ( π x )

A graph of 4cos(pi*x). Grpah has amplitude of 4, period of 2, and range of [-4, 4].

amplitude: 4; period: 2; midline: y = 0 ; maximum: y = 4 occurs at x = 0 ; minimum: y = 4 occurs at x = 1

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

f ( x ) = 3 cos ( 6 5 x )

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

y = 3 sin ( 8 ( x + 4 ) ) + 5

A graph of 3sin(8(x+4))+5. Graph has amplitude of 3, range of [2, 8], and period of pi/4.

amplitude: 3; period: π 4 ; midline: y = 5 ; maximum: y = 8 occurs at x = 0.12 ; minimum: y = 2 occurs at x = 0.516 ; horizontal shift: 4 ; vertical translation 5; one period occurs from x = 0 to x = π 4

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

y = 2 sin ( 3 x 21 ) + 4

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

y = 5 sin ( 5 x + 20 ) 2

A graph of 5sin(5x+20)-2. Graph has an amplitude of 5, period of 2pi/5, and range of [-7,3].

amplitude: 5; period: 2 π 5 ; midline: y = −2 ; maximum: y = 3 occurs at x = 0.08 ; minimum: y = −7 occurs at x = 0.71; phase shift: −4 ; vertical translation: −2; one full period can be graphed on x = 0 to x = 2 π 5

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

For the following exercises, graph one full period of each function, starting at x = 0. For each function, state the amplitude, period, and midline. State the maximum and minimum y -values and their corresponding x -values on one period for x > 0. State the phase shift and vertical translation, if applicable. Round answers to two decimal places if necessary.

f ( t ) = 2 sin ( t 5 π 6 )

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

f ( t ) = cos ( t + π 3 ) + 1

A graph of -cos(t+pi/3)+1. Graph has amplitude of 1, period of 2pi, and range of [0,2]. Phase shifted pi/3 to the left.

amplitude: 1 ; period: 2 π ; midline: y = 1 ; maximum: y = 2 occurs at x = 2.09 ; maximum: y = 2 occurs at t = 2.09 ; minimum: y = 0 occurs at t = 5.24 ; phase shift: π 3 ; vertical translation: 1; one full period is from t = 0 to t = 2 π

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

f ( t ) = 4 cos ( 2 ( t + π 4 ) ) 3

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

f ( t ) = sin ( 1 2 t + 5 π 3 )

A graph of -sin((1/2)*t + 5pi/3). Graph has amplitude of 1, range of [-1,1], period of 4pi, and a phase shift of -10pi/3.

amplitude: 1; period: 4 π ; midline: y = 0 ; maximum: y = 1 occurs at t = 11.52 ; minimum: y = 1 occurs at t = 5.24 ; phase shift: 10 π 3 ; vertical shift: 0

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

f ( x ) = 4 sin ( π 2 ( x 3 ) ) + 7

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Determine the amplitude, midline, period, and an equation involving the sine function for the graph shown in [link] .

A sinusoidal graph with amplitude of 2, range of [-5, -1], period of 4, and midline at y=-3.

amplitude: 2; midline: y = 3 ; period: 4; equation: f ( x ) = 2 sin ( π 2 x ) 3

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Determine the amplitude, period, midline, and an equation involving cosine for the graph shown in [link] .

A graph with a cosine parent function, with amplitude of 3, period of pi, midline at y=-1, and range of [-4,2]
Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Determine the amplitude, period, midline, and an equation involving cosine for the graph shown in [link] .

A graph with a cosine parent function with an amplitude of 2, period of 5, midline at y=3, and a range of [1,5].

amplitude: 2; period: 5; midline: y = 3 ; equation: f ( x ) = 2 cos ( 2 π 5 x ) + 3

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Determine the amplitude, period, midline, and an equation involving sine for the graph shown in [link] .

A sinusoidal graph with amplitude of 4, period of 10, midline at y=0, and range [-4,4].
Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Determine the amplitude, period, midline, and an equation involving cosine for the graph shown in [link] .

A graph with cosine parent function, range of function is [-4,4], amplitude of 4, period of 2.

amplitude: 4; period: 2; midline: y = 0 ; equation: f ( x ) = 4 cos ( π ( x π 2 ) )

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Determine the amplitude, period, midline, and an equation involving sine for the graph shown in [link] .

A graph with sine parent function. Amplitude 2, period 2, midline y=0
Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Determine the amplitude, period, midline, and an equation involving cosine for the graph shown in [link] .

A graph with cosine parent function. Amplitude 2, period 2, midline y=1

amplitude: 2; period: 2; midline y = 1 ; equation: f ( x ) = 2 cos ( π x ) + 1

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Determine the amplitude, period, midline, and an equation involving sine for the graph shown in [link] .

A graph with a sine parent function. Amplitude 1, period 4 and midline y=0.
Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Algebraic

For the following exercises, let f ( x ) = sin x .

On [ 0 , 2 π ), solve f ( x ) = 0.

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

On [ 0 , 2 π ), solve f ( x ) = 1 2 .

π 6 , 5 π 6

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Evaluate f ( π 2 ) .

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

On [ 0 , 2 π ) , f ( x ) = 2 2 . Find all values of x .

π 4 , 3 π 4

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

On [ 0 , 2 π ), the maximum value(s) of the function occur(s) at what x -value(s)?

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

On [ 0 , 2 π ), the minimum value(s) of the function occur(s) at what x -value(s)?

3 π 2

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Show that f ( x ) = f ( x ) . This means that f ( x ) = sin x is an odd function and possesses symmetry with respect to ________________.

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

For the following exercises, let f ( x ) = cos x .

On [ 0 , 2 π ), solve the equation f ( x ) = cos x = 0.

π 2 , 3 π 2

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

On [ 0 , 2 π ), solve f ( x ) = 1 2 .

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

On [ 0 , 2 π ), find the x -intercepts of f ( x ) = cos x .

π 2 , 3 π 2

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

On [ 0 , 2 π ), find the x -values at which the function has a maximum or minimum value.

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

On [ 0 , 2 π ), solve the equation f ( x ) = 3 2 .

π 6 , 11 π 6

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Technology

Graph h ( x ) = x + sin x on [ 0 , 2 π ] . Explain why the graph appears as it does.

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Graph h ( x ) = x + sin x on [ 100 , 100 ] . Did the graph appear as predicted in the previous exercise?

The graph appears linear. The linear functions dominate the shape of the graph for large values of x .

A sinusoidal graph that increases like the function y=x, shown from 0 to 100.
Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Graph f ( x ) = x sin x on [ 0 , 2 π ] and verbalize how the graph varies from the graph of f ( x ) = sin x .

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Graph f ( x ) = x sin x on the window [ −10 , 10 ] and explain what the graph shows.

The graph is symmetric with respect to the y -axis and there is no amplitude because the function is not periodic.

A sinusoidal graph that has increasing peaks and decreasing lows as the absolute value of x increases.
Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Graph f ( x ) = sin x x on the window [ −5 π , 5 π ] and explain what the graph shows.

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Real-world applications

A Ferris wheel is 25 meters in diameter and boarded from a platform that is 1 meter above the ground. The six o’clock position on the Ferris wheel is level with the loading platform. The wheel completes 1 full revolution in 10 minutes. The function h ( t ) gives a person’s height in meters above the ground t minutes after the wheel begins to turn.

  1. Find the amplitude, midline, and period of h ( t ) .
  2. Find a formula for the height function h ( t ) .
  3. How high off the ground is a person after 5 minutes?
  1. Amplitude: 12.5; period: 10; midline: y = 13.5 ;
  2. h ( t ) = 12.5 sin ( π 5 ( t 2.5 ) ) + 13.5 ;
  3. 26 ft
Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Questions & Answers

Discuss the differences between taste and flavor, including how other sensory inputs contribute to our  perception of flavor.
John Reply
taste refers to your understanding of the flavor . while flavor one The other hand is refers to sort of just a blend things.
Faith
While taste primarily relies on our taste buds, flavor involves a complex interplay between taste and aroma
Kamara
which drugs can we use for ulcers
Ummi Reply
omeprazole
Kamara
what
Renee
what is this
Renee
is a drug
Kamara
of anti-ulcer
Kamara
Omeprazole Cimetidine / Tagament For the complicated once ulcer - kit
Patrick
what is the function of lymphatic system
Nency Reply
Not really sure
Eli
to drain extracellular fluid all over the body.
asegid
The lymphatic system plays several crucial roles in the human body, functioning as a key component of the immune system and contributing to the maintenance of fluid balance. Its main functions include: 1. Immune Response: The lymphatic system produces and transports lymphocytes, which are a type of
asegid
to transport fluids fats proteins and lymphocytes to the blood stream as lymph
Adama
what is anatomy
Oyindarmola Reply
Anatomy is the identification and description of the structures of living things
Kamara
what's the difference between anatomy and physiology
Oyerinde Reply
Anatomy is the study of the structure of the body, while physiology is the study of the function of the body. Anatomy looks at the body's organs and systems, while physiology looks at how those organs and systems work together to keep the body functioning.
AI-Robot
what is enzymes all about?
Mohammed Reply
Enzymes are proteins that help speed up chemical reactions in our bodies. Enzymes are essential for digestion, liver function and much more. Too much or too little of a certain enzyme can cause health problems
Kamara
yes
Prince
how does the stomach protect itself from the damaging effects of HCl
Wulku Reply
little girl okay how does the stomach protect itself from the damaging effect of HCL
Wulku
it is because of the enzyme that the stomach produce that help the stomach from the damaging effect of HCL
Kamara
function of digestive system
Ali Reply
function of digestive
Ali
the diagram of the lungs
Adaeze Reply
what is the normal body temperature
Diya Reply
37 degrees selcius
Xolo
37°c
Stephanie
please why 37 degree selcius normal temperature
Mark
36.5
Simon
37°c
Iyogho
the normal temperature is 37°c or 98.6 °Fahrenheit is important for maintaining the homeostasis in the body the body regular this temperature through the process called thermoregulation which involves brain skin muscle and other organ working together to maintain stable internal temperature
Stephanie
37A c
Wulku
what is anaemia
Diya Reply
anaemia is the decrease in RBC count hemoglobin count and PVC count
Eniola
what is the pH of the vagina
Diya Reply
how does Lysin attack pathogens
Diya
acid
Mary
I information on anatomy position and digestive system and there enzyme
Elisha Reply
anatomy of the female external genitalia
Muhammad Reply
Organ Systems Of The Human Body (Continued) Organ Systems Of The Human Body (Continued)
Theophilus Reply
what's lochia albra
Kizito
Got questions? Join the online conversation and get instant answers!
Jobilize.com Reply
Practice Key Terms 5

Get Jobilize Job Search Mobile App in your pocket Now!

Get it on Google Play Download on the App Store Now




Source:  OpenStax, Algebra and trigonometry. OpenStax CNX. Nov 14, 2016 Download for free at https://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11758/1.6
Google Play and the Google Play logo are trademarks of Google Inc.

Notification Switch

Would you like to follow the 'Algebra and trigonometry' conversation and receive update notifications?

Ask