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Verifying the identity using double-angle formulas and reciprocal identities

Verify the identity csc 2 θ 2 = cos ( 2 θ ) sin 2 θ .

For verifying this equation, we are bringing together several of the identities. We will use the double-angle formula and the reciprocal identities. We will work with the right side of the equation and rewrite it until it matches the left side.

cos ( 2 θ ) sin 2 θ = 1 2 sin 2 θ sin 2 θ = 1 sin 2 θ 2 sin 2 θ sin 2 θ = csc 2 θ 2
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Verify the identity tan θ cot θ cos 2 θ = sin 2 θ .

tan θ cot θ cos 2 θ = ( sin θ cos θ ) ( cos θ sin θ ) cos 2 θ = 1 cos 2 θ = sin 2 θ

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Access these online resources for additional instruction and practice with the product-to-sum and sum-to-product identities.

Key equations

Product-to-sum Formulas cos α cos β = 1 2 [ cos ( α β ) + cos ( α + β ) ] sin α cos β = 1 2 [ sin ( α + β ) + sin ( α β ) ] sin α sin β = 1 2 [ cos ( α β ) cos ( α + β ) ] cos α sin β = 1 2 [ sin ( α + β ) sin ( α β ) ]
Sum-to-product Formulas sin α + sin β = 2 sin ( α + β 2 ) cos ( α β 2 ) sin α sin β = 2 sin ( α β 2 ) cos ( α + β 2 ) cos α cos β = 2 sin ( α + β 2 ) sin ( α β 2 ) cos α + cos β = 2 cos ( α + β 2 ) cos ( α β 2 )

Key concepts

  • From the sum and difference identities, we can derive the product-to-sum formulas and the sum-to-product formulas for sine and cosine.
  • We can use the product-to-sum formulas to rewrite products of sines, products of cosines, and products of sine and cosine as sums or differences of sines and cosines. See [link] , [link] , and [link] .
  • We can also derive the sum-to-product identities from the product-to-sum identities using substitution.
  • We can use the sum-to-product formulas to rewrite sum or difference of sines, cosines, or products sine and cosine as products of sines and cosines. See [link] .
  • Trigonometric expressions are often simpler to evaluate using the formulas. See [link] .
  • The identities can be verified using other formulas or by converting the expressions to sines and cosines. To verify an identity, we choose the more complicated side of the equals sign and rewrite it until it is transformed into the other side. See [link] and [link] .

Section exercises

Verbal

Starting with the product to sum formula sin α cos β = 1 2 [ sin ( α + β ) + sin ( α β ) ] , explain how to determine the formula for cos α sin β .

Substitute α into cosine and β into sine and evaluate.

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Provide two different methods of calculating cos ( 195° ) cos ( 105° ) , one of which uses the product to sum. Which method is easier?

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Describe a situation where we would convert an equation from a sum to a product and give an example.

Answers will vary. There are some equations that involve a sum of two trig expressions where when converted to a product are easier to solve. For example: sin ( 3 x ) + sin x cos x = 1. When converting the numerator to a product the equation becomes: 2 sin ( 2 x ) cos x cos x = 1

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Describe a situation where we would convert an equation from a product to a sum, and give an example.

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Algebraic

For the following exercises, rewrite the product as a sum or difference.

16 sin ( 16 x ) sin ( 11 x )

8 ( cos ( 5 x ) cos ( 27 x ) )

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20 cos ( 36 t ) cos ( 6 t )

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2 sin ( 5 x ) cos ( 3 x )

sin ( 2 x ) + sin ( 8 x )

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10 cos ( 5 x ) sin ( 10 x )

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sin ( x ) sin ( 5 x )

1 2 ( cos ( 6 x ) cos ( 4 x ) )

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For the following exercises, rewrite the sum or difference as a product.

Questions & Answers

how did you get 1640
Noor Reply
If auger is pair are the roots of equation x2+5x-3=0
Peter Reply
Wayne and Dennis like to ride the bike path from Riverside Park to the beach. Dennis’s speed is seven miles per hour faster than Wayne’s speed, so it takes Wayne 2 hours to ride to the beach while it takes Dennis 1.5 hours for the ride. Find the speed of both bikers.
MATTHEW Reply
420
Sharon
from theory: distance [miles] = speed [mph] × time [hours] info #1 speed_Dennis × 1.5 = speed_Wayne × 2 => speed_Wayne = 0.75 × speed_Dennis (i) info #2 speed_Dennis = speed_Wayne + 7 [mph] (ii) use (i) in (ii) => [...] speed_Dennis = 28 mph speed_Wayne = 21 mph
George
Let W be Wayne's speed in miles per hour and D be Dennis's speed in miles per hour. We know that W + 7 = D and W * 2 = D * 1.5. Substituting the first equation into the second: W * 2 = (W + 7) * 1.5 W * 2 = W * 1.5 + 7 * 1.5 0.5 * W = 7 * 1.5 W = 7 * 3 or 21 W is 21 D = W + 7 D = 21 + 7 D = 28
Salma
Devon is 32 32​​ years older than his son, Milan. The sum of both their ages is 54 54​. Using the variables d d​ and m m​ to represent the ages of Devon and Milan, respectively, write a system of equations to describe this situation. Enter the equations below, separated by a comma.
Aaron Reply
find product (-6m+6) ( 3m²+4m-3)
SIMRAN Reply
-42m²+60m-18
Salma
what is the solution
bill
how did you arrive at this answer?
bill
-24m+3+3mÁ^2
Susan
i really want to learn
Amira
I only got 42 the rest i don't know how to solve it. Please i need help from anyone to help me improve my solving mathematics please
Amira
Hw did u arrive to this answer.
Aphelele
hi
Bajemah
-6m(3mA²+4m-3)+6(3mA²+4m-3) =-18m²A²-24m²+18m+18mA²+24m-18 Rearrange like items -18m²A²-24m²+42m+18A²-18
Salma
complete the table of valuesfor each given equatio then graph. 1.x+2y=3
Jovelyn Reply
x=3-2y
Salma
y=x+3/2
Salma
Hi
Enock
given that (7x-5):(2+4x)=8:7find the value of x
Nandala
3x-12y=18
Kelvin
please why isn't that the 0is in ten thousand place
Grace Reply
please why is it that the 0is in the place of ten thousand
Grace
Send the example to me here and let me see
Stephen
A meditation garden is in the shape of a right triangle, with one leg 7 feet. The length of the hypotenuse is one more than the length of one of the other legs. Find the lengths of the hypotenuse and the other leg
Marry Reply
how far
Abubakar
cool u
Enock
state in which quadrant or on which axis each of the following angles given measure. in standard position would lie 89°
Abegail Reply
hello
BenJay
hi
Method
I am eliacin, I need your help in maths
Rood
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Sir
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Amoon
however, may I ask you some questions about Algarba?
Amoon
hi
Enock
what the last part of the problem mean?
Roger
The Jones family took a 15 mile canoe ride down the Indian River in three hours. After lunch, the return trip back up the river took five hours. Find the rate, in mph, of the canoe in still water and the rate of the current.
cameron Reply
Shakir works at a computer store. His weekly pay will be either a fixed amount, $925, or $500 plus 12% of his total sales. How much should his total sales be for his variable pay option to exceed the fixed amount of $925.
mahnoor Reply
I'm guessing, but it's somewhere around $4335.00 I think
Lewis
12% of sales will need to exceed 925 - 500, or 425 to exceed fixed amount option. What amount of sales does that equal? 425 ÷ (12÷100) = 3541.67. So the answer is sales greater than 3541.67. Check: Sales = 3542 Commission 12%=425.04 Pay = 500 + 425.04 = 925.04. 925.04 > 925.00
Munster
difference between rational and irrational numbers
Arundhati Reply
When traveling to Great Britain, Bethany exchanged $602 US dollars into £515 British pounds. How many pounds did she receive for each US dollar?
Jakoiya Reply
how to reduced echelon form
Solomon Reply
Jazmine trained for 3 hours on Saturday. She ran 8 miles and then biked 24 miles. Her biking speed is 4 mph faster than her running speed. What is her running speed?
Zack Reply
d=r×t the equation would be 8/r+24/r+4=3 worked out
Sheirtina
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Source:  OpenStax, Algebra and trigonometry. OpenStax CNX. Nov 14, 2016 Download for free at https://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11758/1.6
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