<< Chapter < Page Chapter >> Page >

Section exercises

Verbal

Explain the basis for the cofunction identities and when they apply.

The cofunction identities apply to complementary angles. Viewing the two acute angles of a right triangle, if one of those angles measures x , the second angle measures π 2 x . Then sin x = cos ( π 2 x ) . The same holds for the other cofunction identities. The key is that the angles are complementary.

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Is there only one way to evaluate cos ( 5 π 4 ) ? Explain how to set up the solution in two different ways, and then compute to make sure they give the same answer.

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Explain to someone who has forgotten the even-odd properties of sinusoidal functions how the addition and subtraction formulas can determine this characteristic for f ( x ) = sin ( x ) and g ( x ) = cos ( x ) . (Hint: 0 x = x )

sin ( x ) = sin x , so sin x is odd. cos ( x ) = cos ( 0 x ) = cos x , so cos x is even.

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Algebraic

For the following exercises, find the exact value.

sin ( 11 π 12 )

6 2 4

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

tan ( 19 π 12 )

2 3

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

For the following exercises, rewrite in terms of sin x and cos x .

sin ( x 3 π 4 )

2 2 sin x 2 2 cos x

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

cos ( x + 2 π 3 )

1 2 cos x 3 2 sin x

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

For the following exercises, simplify the given expression.

sec ( π 2 θ )

csc θ

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

tan ( π 2 x )

cot x

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

sin ( 2 x ) cos ( 5 x ) sin ( 5 x ) cos ( 2 x )

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

tan ( 3 2 x ) tan ( 7 5 x ) 1 + tan ( 3 2 x ) tan ( 7 5 x )

tan ( x 10 )

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

For the following exercises, find the requested information.

Given that sin a = 2 3 and cos b = 1 4 , with a and b both in the interval [ π 2 , π ) , find sin ( a + b ) and cos ( a b ) .

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Given that sin a = 4 5 , and cos b = 1 3 , with a and b both in the interval [ 0 , π 2 ) , find sin ( a b ) and cos ( a + b ) .

sin ( a b ) = ( 4 5 ) ( 1 3 ) ( 3 5 ) ( 2 2 3 ) = 4 6 2 15 cos ( a + b ) = ( 3 5 ) ( 1 3 ) ( 4 5 ) ( 2 2 3 ) = 3 8 2 15

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

For the following exercises, find the exact value of each expression.

sin ( cos 1 ( 0 ) cos 1 ( 1 2 ) )

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

cos ( cos 1 ( 2 2 ) + sin 1 ( 3 2 ) )

2 6 4

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

tan ( sin 1 ( 1 2 ) cos 1 ( 1 2 ) )

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Graphical

For the following exercises, simplify the expression, and then graph both expressions as functions to verify the graphs are identical. Confirm your answer using a graphing calculator.

cos ( π 2 x )

sin x

Graph of y=sin(x) from -2pi to 2pi.
Got questions? Get instant answers now!

tan ( π 3 + x )

cot ( π 6 x )

Graph of y=cot(pi/6 - x) from -2pi to pi - in comparison to the usual y=cot(x) graph, this one is reflected across the x-axis and shifted by pi/6.
Got questions? Get instant answers now!

tan ( π 4 x )

cot ( π 4 + x )

Graph of y=cot(pi/4 + x) - in comparison to the usual y=cot(x) graph, this one is shifted by pi/4.
Got questions? Get instant answers now!

sin ( π 4 + x )

sin x 2 + cos x 2

Graph of y = sin(x) / rad2 + cos(x) / rad2 - it looks like the sin curve shifted by pi/4.
Got questions? Get instant answers now!

For the following exercises, use a graph to determine whether the functions are the same or different. If they are the same, show why. If they are different, replace the second function with one that is identical to the first. (Hint: think 2 x = x + x . )

f ( x ) = sin ( 4 x ) sin ( 3 x ) cos x , g ( x ) = sin x cos ( 3 x )

They are the same.

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

f ( x ) = cos ( 4 x ) + sin x sin ( 3 x ) , g ( x ) = cos x cos ( 3 x )

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

f ( x ) = sin ( 3 x ) cos ( 6 x ) , g ( x ) = sin ( 3 x ) cos ( 6 x )

They are the different, try g ( x ) = sin ( 9 x ) cos ( 3 x ) sin ( 6 x ) .

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

f ( x ) = sin ( 4 x ) , g ( x ) = sin ( 5 x ) cos x cos ( 5 x ) sin x

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

f ( x ) = sin ( 2 x ) , g ( x ) = 2 sin x cos x

They are the same.

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

f ( θ ) = cos ( 2 θ ) , g ( θ ) = cos 2 θ sin 2 θ

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

f ( θ ) = tan ( 2 θ ) , g ( θ ) = tan θ 1 + tan 2 θ

They are the different, try g ( θ ) = 2 tan θ 1 tan 2 θ .

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

f ( x ) = sin ( 3 x ) sin x , g ( x ) = sin 2 ( 2 x ) cos 2 x cos 2 ( 2 x ) sin 2 x

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

f ( x ) = tan ( x ) , g ( x ) = tan x tan ( 2 x ) 1 tan x tan ( 2 x )

They are different, try g ( x ) = tan x tan ( 2 x ) 1 + tan x tan ( 2 x ) .

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Technology

For the following exercises, find the exact value algebraically, and then confirm the answer with a calculator to the fourth decimal point.

sin ( 195° )

3 1 2 2 , or  0.2588

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

cos ( 345° )

1 + 3 2 2 , or 0.9659

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Extensions

For the following exercises, prove the identities provided.

tan ( x + π 4 ) = tan x + 1 1 tan x

tan ( x + π 4 ) = tan x + tan ( π 4 ) 1 tan x tan ( π 4 ) = tan x + 1 1 tan x ( 1 ) = tan x + 1 1 tan x

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

tan ( a + b ) tan ( a b ) = sin a cos a + sin b cos b sin a cos a sin b cos b

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

cos ( a + b ) cos a cos b = 1 tan a tan b

cos ( a + b ) cos a cos b = cos a cos b cos a cos b sin a sin b cos a cos b = 1 tan a tan b

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

cos ( x + y ) cos ( x y ) = cos 2 x sin 2 y

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

cos ( x + h ) cos x h = cos x cos h 1 h sin x sin h h

cos ( x + h ) cos x h = cos x cosh sin x sinh cos x h = cos x ( cosh 1 ) sin x sinh h = cos x cos h 1 h sin x sin h h

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

For the following exercises, prove or disprove the statements.

tan ( u + v ) = tan u + tan v 1 tan u tan v

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

tan ( u v ) = tan u tan v 1 + tan u tan v

True

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

tan ( x + y ) 1 + tan x tan x = tan x + tan y 1 tan 2 x tan 2 y

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

If α , β , and γ are angles in the same triangle, then prove or disprove sin ( α + β ) = sin γ .

True. Note that sin ( α + β ) = sin ( π γ ) and expand the right hand side.

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

If α , β , and y are angles in the same triangle, then prove or disprove tan α + tan β + tan γ = tan α tan β tan γ

Got questions? Get instant answers now!

Get Jobilize Job Search Mobile App in your pocket Now!

Get it on Google Play Download on the App Store Now




Source:  OpenStax, Algebra and trigonometry. OpenStax CNX. Nov 14, 2016 Download for free at https://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11758/1.6
Google Play and the Google Play logo are trademarks of Google Inc.

Notification Switch

Would you like to follow the 'Algebra and trigonometry' conversation and receive update notifications?

Ask