3.4 Composition of functions  (Page 8/9)

 Page 8 / 9

$h\left(x\right)={\left(\frac{8+{x}^{3}}{8-{x}^{3}}\right)}^{4}$

$h\left(x\right)=\sqrt{2x+6}$

sample: $\begin{array}{l}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}f\left(x\right)=\sqrt{x}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\\ \text{\hspace{0.17em}}g\left(x\right)=2x+6\end{array}$

$h\left(x\right)={\left(5x-1\right)}^{3}$

$h\left(x\right)=\sqrt[3]{x-1}$

sample: $\begin{array}{l}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}f\left(x\right)=\sqrt[3]{x}\\ \text{\hspace{0.17em}}g\left(x\right)=\left(x-1\right)\end{array}$

$h\left(x\right)=|{x}^{2}+7|$

$h\left(x\right)=\frac{1}{{\left(x-2\right)}^{3}}$

sample: $\begin{array}{l}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}f\left(x\right)={x}^{3}\\ \text{\hspace{0.17em}}g\left(x\right)=\frac{1}{x-2}\end{array}$

$h\left(x\right)={\left(\frac{1}{2x-3}\right)}^{2}$

$h\left(x\right)=\sqrt{\frac{2x-1}{3x+4}}$

sample: $\begin{array}{l}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}f\left(x\right)=\sqrt{x}\\ \text{\hspace{0.17em}}g\left(x\right)=\frac{2x-1}{3x+4}\end{array}$

Graphical

For the following exercises, use the graphs of $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}f,$ shown in [link] , and $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}g,$ shown in [link] , to evaluate the expressions.

$f\left(g\left(3\right)\right)$

$f\left(g\left(1\right)\right)$

2

$g\left(f\left(1\right)\right)$

$g\left(f\left(0\right)\right)$

5

$f\left(f\left(5\right)\right)$

$f\left(f\left(4\right)\right)$

4

$g\left(g\left(2\right)\right)$

$g\left(g\left(0\right)\right)$

0

For the following exercises, use graphs of $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}f\left(x\right),$ shown in [link] , $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}g\left(x\right),$ shown in [link] , and $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}h\left(x\right),$ shown in [link] , to evaluate the expressions.

$g\left(f\left(1\right)\right)$

$g\left(f\left(2\right)\right)$

2

$f\left(g\left(4\right)\right)$

$f\left(g\left(1\right)\right)$

1

$f\left(h\left(2\right)\right)$

$h\left(f\left(2\right)\right)$

4

$f\left(g\left(h\left(4\right)\right)\right)$

$f\left(g\left(f\left(-2\right)\right)\right)$

4

Numeric

For the following exercises, use the function values for shown in [link] to evaluate each expression.

$x$ $f\left(x\right)$ $g\left(x\right)$
0 7 9
1 6 5
2 5 6
3 8 2
4 4 1
5 0 8
6 2 7
7 1 3
8 9 4
9 3 0

$f\left(g\left(8\right)\right)$

$f\left(g\left(5\right)\right)$

9

$g\left(f\left(5\right)\right)$

$g\left(f\left(3\right)\right)$

4

$f\left(f\left(4\right)\right)$

$f\left(f\left(1\right)\right)$

2

$g\left(g\left(2\right)\right)$

$g\left(g\left(6\right)\right)$

3

For the following exercises, use the function values for shown in [link] to evaluate the expressions.

 $x$ $f\left(x\right)$ $g\left(x\right)$ $-3$ 11 $-8$ $-2$ 9 $-3$ $-1$ 7 0 0 5 1 1 3 0 2 1 $-3$ 3 $-1$ $-8$

$\left(f\circ g\right)\left(1\right)$

$\left(f\circ g\right)\left(2\right)$

11

$\left(g\circ f\right)\left(2\right)$

$\left(g\circ f\right)\left(3\right)$

0

$\left(g\circ g\right)\left(1\right)$

$\left(f\circ f\right)\left(3\right)$

7

For the following exercises, use each pair of functions to find $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}f\left(g\left(0\right)\right)\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ and $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}g\left(f\left(0\right)\right).$

$f\left(x\right)=4x+8,\text{\hspace{0.17em}}g\left(x\right)=7-{x}^{2}$

$f\left(x\right)=5x+7,\text{\hspace{0.17em}}g\left(x\right)=4-2{x}^{2}$

$f\left(g\left(0\right)\right)=27,\text{\hspace{0.17em}}g\left(f\left(0\right)\right)=-94$

$f\left(x\right)=\sqrt{x+4},\text{\hspace{0.17em}}g\left(x\right)=12-{x}^{3}$

$f\left(x\right)=\frac{1}{x+2},\text{\hspace{0.17em}}g\left(x\right)=4x+3$

$f\left(g\left(0\right)\right)=\frac{1}{5},\text{\hspace{0.17em}}g\left(f\left(0\right)\right)=5$

For the following exercises, use the functions $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}f\left(x\right)=2{x}^{2}+1\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ and $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}g\left(x\right)=3x+5\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ to evaluate or find the composite function as indicated.

$f\left(g\left(2\right)\right)$

$f\left(g\left(x\right)\right)$

$18{x}^{2}+60x+51$

$g\left(f\left(-3\right)\right)$

$\left(g\circ g\right)\left(x\right)$

$g\circ g\left(x\right)=9x+20$

Extensions

For the following exercises, use $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}f\left(x\right)={x}^{3}+1\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ and $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}g\left(x\right)=\sqrt[3]{x-1}.$

Find $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\left(f\circ g\right)\left(x\right)\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ and $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\left(g\circ f\right)\left(x\right).\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ Compare the two answers.

Find $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\left(f\circ g\right)\left(2\right)\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ and $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\left(g\circ f\right)\left(2\right).$

2

What is the domain of $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\left(g\circ f\right)\left(x\right)?$

What is the domain of $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\left(f\circ g\right)\left(x\right)?$

$\left(-\infty ,\infty \right)$

Let $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}f\left(x\right)=\frac{1}{x}.$

1. Find $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\left(f\circ f\right)\left(x\right).$
2. Is $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\left(f\circ f\right)\left(x\right)\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ for any function $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}f\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ the same result as the answer to part (a) for any function? Explain.

For the following exercises, let $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}F\left(x\right)={\left(x+1\right)}^{5},\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ $f\left(x\right)={x}^{5},\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ and $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}g\left(x\right)=x+1.$

True or False: $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\left(g\circ f\right)\left(x\right)=F\left(x\right).$

False

True or False: $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\left(f\circ g\right)\left(x\right)=F\left(x\right).$

For the following exercises, find the composition when $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}f\left(x\right)={x}^{2}+2\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ for all $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}x\ge 0\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ and $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}g\left(x\right)=\sqrt{x-2}.$

$\left(f\circ g\right)\left(6\right);\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\left(g\circ f\right)\left(6\right)$

$\left(f\circ g\right)\left(6\right)=6$ ; $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\left(g\circ f\right)\left(6\right)=6$

$\left(g\circ f\right)\left(a\right);\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\left(f\circ g\right)\left(a\right)$

$\left(f\circ g\right)\left(11\right);\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\left(g\circ f\right)\left(11\right)$

$\left(f\circ g\right)\left(11\right)=11\text{\hspace{0.17em}},\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\left(g\circ f\right)\left(11\right)=11$

Real-world applications

The function $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}D\left(p\right)\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ gives the number of items that will be demanded when the price is $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}p.\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ The production cost $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}C\left(x\right)\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ is the cost of producing $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}x\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ items. To determine the cost of production when the price is $6, you would do which of the following? 1. Evaluate $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}D\left(C\left(6\right)\right).$ 2. Evaluate $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}C\left(D\left(6\right)\right).$ 3. Solve $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}D\left(C\left(x\right)\right)=6.$ 4. Solve $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}C\left(D\left(p\right)\right)=6.$ The function $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}A\left(d\right)\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ gives the pain level on a scale of 0 to 10 experienced by a patient with $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}d\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ milligrams of a pain-reducing drug in her system. The milligrams of the drug in the patient’s system after $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}t\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ minutes is modeled by $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}m\left(t\right).\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ Which of the following would you do in order to determine when the patient will be at a pain level of 4? 1. Evaluate $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}A\left(m\left(4\right)\right).$ 2. Evaluate $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}m\left(A\left(4\right)\right).$ 3. Solve $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}A\left(m\left(t\right)\right)=4.$ 4. Solve $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}m\left(A\left(d\right)\right)=4.$ c A store offers customers a 30% discount on the price $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}x\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ of selected items. Then, the store takes off an additional 15% at the cash register. Write a price function $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}P\left(x\right)\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ that computes the final price of the item in terms of the original price $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}x.\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ (Hint: Use function composition to find your answer.) A rain drop hitting a lake makes a circular ripple. If the radius, in inches, grows as a function of time in minutes according to $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}r\left(t\right)=25\sqrt{t+2},\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ find the area of the ripple as a function of time. Find the area of the ripple at $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}t=2.$ $A\left(t\right)=\pi {\left(25\sqrt{t+2}\right)}^{2}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ and $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}A\left(2\right)=\pi {\left(25\sqrt{4}\right)}^{2}=2500\pi$ square inches A forest fire leaves behind an area of grass burned in an expanding circular pattern. If the radius of the circle of burning grass is increasing with time according to the formula $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}r\left(t\right)=2t+1,\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ express the area burned as a function of time, $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}t\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ (minutes). Use the function you found in the previous exercise to find the total area burned after 5 minutes. $A\left(5\right)=\pi {\left(2\left(5\right)+1\right)}^{2}=121\pi \text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ square units The radius $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}r,\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ in inches, of a spherical balloon is related to the volume, $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}V,\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ by $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}r\left(V\right)=\sqrt[3]{\frac{3V}{4\pi }}.\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ Air is pumped into the balloon, so the volume after $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}t\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ seconds is given by $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}V\left(t\right)=10+20t.$ 1. Find the composite function $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}r\left(V\left(t\right)\right).$ 2. Find the exact time when the radius reaches 10 inches. The number of bacteria in a refrigerated food product is given by $N\left(T\right)=23{T}^{2}-56T+1,\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ $3 where $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}T$ is the temperature of the food. When the food is removed from the refrigerator, the temperature is given by $T\left(t\right)=5t+1.5,$ where $t$ is the time in hours. 1. Find the composite function $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}N\left(T\left(t\right)\right).$ 2. Find the time (round to two decimal places) when the bacteria count reaches 6752. a. $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}N\left(T\left(t\right)\right)=23{\left(5t+1.5\right)}^{2}-56\left(5t+1.5\right)+1;\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ b. 3.38 hours Questions & Answers Need help solving this problem (2/7)^-2 Simone Reply what is the coefficient of -4× Mehri Reply -1 Shedrak the operation * is x * y =x + y/ 1+(x × y) show if the operation is commutative if x × y is not equal to -1 Alfred Reply An investment account was opened with an initial deposit of$9,600 and earns 7.4% interest, compounded continuously. How much will the account be worth after 15 years?
lim x to infinity e^1-e^-1/log(1+x)
given eccentricity and a point find the equiation
12, 17, 22.... 25th term
12, 17, 22.... 25th term
Akash
College algebra is really hard?
Absolutely, for me. My problems with math started in First grade...involving a nun Sister Anastasia, bad vision, talking & getting expelled from Catholic school. When it comes to math I just can't focus and all I can hear is our family silverware banging and clanging on the pink Formica table.
Carole
I'm 13 and I understand it great
AJ
I am 1 year old but I can do it! 1+1=2 proof very hard for me though.
Atone
hi
Not really they are just easy concepts which can be understood if you have great basics. I am 14 I understood them easily.
Vedant
find the 15th term of the geometric sequince whose first is 18 and last term of 387
I know this work
salma
The given of f(x=x-2. then what is the value of this f(3) 5f(x+1)
hmm well what is the answer
Abhi
If f(x) = x-2 then, f(3) when 5f(x+1) 5((3-2)+1) 5(1+1) 5(2) 10
Augustine
how do they get the third part x = (32)5/4
make 5/4 into a mixed number, make that a decimal, and then multiply 32 by the decimal 5/4 turns out to be
AJ
how
Sheref
can someone help me with some logarithmic and exponential equations.
20/(×-6^2)
Salomon
okay, so you have 6 raised to the power of 2. what is that part of your answer
I don't understand what the A with approx sign and the boxed x mean
it think it's written 20/(X-6)^2 so it's 20 divided by X-6 squared
Salomon
I'm not sure why it wrote it the other way
Salomon
I got X =-6
Salomon
ok. so take the square root of both sides, now you have plus or minus the square root of 20= x-6
oops. ignore that.
so you not have an equal sign anywhere in the original equation?
hmm
Abhi
is it a question of log
Abhi
🤔.
Abhi
I rally confuse this number And equations too I need exactly help
salma
But this is not salma it's Faiza live in lousvile Ky I garbage this so I am going collage with JCTC that the of the collage thank you my friends
salma
Commplementary angles
hello
Sherica
im all ears I need to learn
Sherica
right! what he said ⤴⤴⤴
Tamia
hii
Uday
hi
salma
hi
Ayuba
Hello
opoku
hi
Ali
greetings from Iran
Ali
salut. from Algeria
Bach
hi
Nharnhar
what is a good calculator for all algebra; would a Casio fx 260 work with all algebra equations? please name the cheapest, thanks.
a perfect square v²+2v+_