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1.1 The study of life Read Online
Viewed from space, Earth offers no clues about the diversity of life forms that reside there. The first forms of life on Earth are thought to have been microorganisms that existed for billions of years in the ocean before plants and animals appeared. The mammals, birds, and flowers so familiar to us are all relatively recent, originating 130 to 200 million years ago. Humans have inhabited this planet for only the last 2.5 million years, and only in the last 200,000 years have humans started looking like we do today.
Question: which of following statements best represents the relationships between the light reactions and the Calvin cycle(synthesis reactions) ?
Choices:
the light reactions provide ATP and NADPH to the calvin cycle, and the cycle returns ADP, Pi, and NADP+ to the light reactions
the light reactions provide ATP and NADPH to the carbon fixation step of the calvin cycle, and the cycle provides water and electrons to the light reactions.
the light reactions supply the calvin cycle with CO2 to produce sugars and the calvin cycle provides supploes the light reactions with sugars to produce atp
the light reactions provides the calvin cycle with oxygen for electron flow, and the calcin cycle provides the light reactions for water to split
no relationships between light reactions and the calvin cycle
Question: What would be the correct diagnosis for this unborn child, according to the information available?
Choices:
trisomy 21
monosomy 21
trisomy 18
monosomy XX
Question: which of the following is true of type I diabetes?
Choices:
it is more common form of diabetes
target cells do not respond to insulin
it is an autoimmune disease
it usually occurs in middle-aged people
Question: in a plant cell, where can ATP synthase be found?
Choices:
in the thylakoid membrane
in the plasma membrane
in the inner mitochondrial membrane
A and C
A, B, and C
Question: which of these statements best explains why your body prefers to perform aerobic respiration as opposed to anaerobic respiration?
Choices:
anaerobic respiration does not allow for NADH to be recycled to NAD+
aerobic respiration produces far more ATP than anaerobic respiration
aerobic respiration requires less of an ATP investment than anaerobic respiration
aerobic respiration is easier for cells to perform than anaerobic respiration
Question: at the end of the electron transport chain, the terminal electron acceptor is _____, and ultimately yields 2 molecules of ______.
Choices:
ADP; ATP
NAD+;NADH
O2;H2O
CO2;02
Question: why is glycolysis described as having an energy investment phase and a payoff phase?
Choices:
it uses glucose and generates pyruvate
it shifts pyruvate from the cytoplasm to the mitochondrion
it requires ATP to begin the reaction, but generates an overall net gain of ATP
it phosphorylates and dephosphorylates serveral intermediate molecules
Question: is what stage of cell division are female oocytes arrested between birth and puberty?
Choices:
meiosis II
meiosis I
mitosis
none of the above
Question: in the synthesis reactions, rubisco attaches a CO2 to RuBP to produce a 6 carbon molecule, which immediately splits in two. After phosphorylation (the addition of ATP) and NADPH is used, to make G3P, what more needs to happen in the Calvin cycle for its continuation?
Choices:
regeneration of NADPH
regeneration of RuBP
regeneration of ATP from ADP and Pi
inactivation of rubisco
Question: how do the chemical methods of female birth control affect meiosis?
Choices:
it does all of the above
the hormones in the birth control pills stop meiosis from ever starting
it kills any eggs that might be released
it prevents egg cells from resuming meiosis once they are in the arresting phase
Question: what process produces ethanol or lactic acid?
Choices:
electron transport chain
fermentation
gylcolysis
krebs cycle