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Prof.John GabrieliNeuroscientist
MIT Massachusetts Institute of Technology
USA
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1.1 What is psychology? Read Online
1.2 History of psychology Read Online
Clive Wearing is an accomplished musician who lost his ability to form new memories when he became sick at the age of 46. While he can remember how to play the piano perfectly, he cannot remember what he ate for breakfast just an hour ago (Sacks, 2007). James Wannerton experiences a taste sensation that is associated with the sound of words. His former girlfriend’s name tastes like rhubarb (Mundasad, 2013). John Nash is a brilliant mathematician and Nobel Prize winner. However, while he was a professor at MIT, he would tell people that the New York Times contained coded messages from extraterrestrial beings that were intended for him. He also began to hear voices and became suspicious of the people around him. Soon thereafter, Nash was diagnosed with schizophrenia and admitted to a state-run mental institution (O’Connor&Robertson, 2002). Nash was the subject of the 2001 movie A Beautiful Mind . Why did these people have these experiences? How does the human brain work? And what is the connection between the brain’s internal processes and people’s external behaviors? This textbook will introduce you to various ways that the field of psychology has explored these questions.
American Board of Forensic Psychology. (2014). Brochure . Retrieved from http://www.abfp.com/brochure.asp
American Psychological Association. (2014). Retrieved from www.apa.org
American Psychological Association. (2014). Graduate training and career possibilities in exercise and sport psychology. Retrieved from http://www.apadivisions.org/division-47/about/resources/training.aspx?item=1
American Psychological Association. (2011). Psychology as a career. Retrieved from http://www.apa.org/education/undergrad/psych-career.aspx
Ashliman, D. L. (2001). Cupid and Psyche. In Folktexts: A library of folktales, folklore, fairy tales, and mythology. Retrieved from http://www.pitt.edu/~dash/cupid.html
Betancourt, H.,&López, S. R. (1993). The study of culture, ethnicity, and race in American psychology. American Psychologist , 48 , 629–637.
Black, S. R., Spence, S. A.,&Omari, S. R. (2004). Contributions of African Americans to the field of psychology. Journal of Black Studies , 35 , 40–64.
Bulfinch, T. (1855). The age of fable: Or, stories of gods and heroes . Boston, MA: Chase, Nichols and Hill.
Buss, D. M. (1989). Sex differences in human mate preferences: Evolutionary hypotheses tested in 37 cultures. Behavioral and Brain Sciences , 12 , 1–49.
Download MCQ Exam PDF eBook
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Prof.John GabrieliNeuroscientist
MIT Massachusetts Institute of Technology
USA
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Question: A study examined the "broken windows" theory that people are more likely to violate social norms when they observe that others violate social norms. White flyers were attached to bikes next to a wall with or without graffiti, and littering was measured as the number of flyers thrown to the grounD) Littering occurred twice as often when graffiti was present. In this study,
Choices:
presence/absence of graffiti was the dependent variable, littering was the independent variable, and the study was experimental in design
presence/absence of graffiti was the independent variable, littering was the dependent variable, and the study was experimental in design
presence/absence of graffiti was the independent variable, littering was the dependent variable, and the study was correlational in design
presence/absence of graffiti was the dependent variable, littering was the dependent variable, and the study was correlational in design
Question: A patient with impaired semantic knowledge about living things (foods and animals) but intact semantic knowledge about manufactured objects (tools) often has
Choices:
intact semantic knowledge about musical instruments and intact semantic knowledge about body parts
impaired semantic knowledge about musical instruments and impaired semantic knowledge about body parts
intact semantic knowledge about musical instruments and impaired semantic knowledge about body parts
impaired semantic knowledge about musical instruments and intact semantic knowledge about body parts
Question: For a typical split-brain (= callosotomy) patient, if a picture of a cup is presented in the left visual field and a picture of a spoon is presented in the right visual field and the patient is asked to identify what had been presented
Choices:
the patient would say "cup" and pick out a spoon from an array of unseen objects with the right hand
the patient would say "cup" and pick out a spoon from an array of unseen objects with the left hand
the patient would say "spoon" and pick out a cup from an array of unseen objects with the left hand
the patient would say "spoon" and pick out a cup from an array of unseen objects with the right hand
Question: In visual search, preattentive search has all but which one of the following properties?
Choices:
it guides identification of conjunctions
it operates in parallel
it produces subjective pop-out
it exhibits a flat slope in relation between time and set size of the display
Question: When shadowing a verbal passage in one ear, which of the following is noticed in the message presented to the other, unattended ear?
Choices:
the content of the message
a change from one language to another language
a change from a voice to a tone
a change from normal speech to nonsense backward speech
Question: Injury to the orbitofrontal cortex in Phineas Gage primarily altered which capacity?
Choices:
motor control
language
audition
character
Question: Evidence from split-brain patients indicates
Choices:
the right hemisphere is specialized for global features and the function of a visual stimulus
the left hemisphere is specialized for global features and the function of a visual stimulus
the right hemisphere is specialized for local features and the appearance of a visual stimulus
the left hemisphere is specialized for local features and the function of a visual stimulus
Question: The brain accounts for 2% of body mass and _____% of the body's oxygen consumption.
Choices:
2%
20%
50%
80%
Question: Does the background color of a computer monitor influence your thinking? In one study, red or blue backgrounds were presented for number of words recalled from a list (memory) and for the number of uses of a brick that were generated (creativity). Researchers found
Choices:
blue background improved memory and creativity
red background improved memory and creativity
red background improved memory, blue background improved creativity
blue background improved memory, red background improved creativity
Question: Injury to the human amygdala impairs recognition of what facial expression?
Choices:
fear
sadness
disgust
anger
Question: Research supports all of the following conclusions about the perception of faces EXCEPT which conclusion?
Choices:
infants (6 month and younger) prefer top-heavy visual displays
infants (6 months and younger) have better memory for human than monkey faces
children have better memory for faces from racial groups they see growing up than faces from other racial groups
faces are perceived and remembered configurally rather than part-by-part
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