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Section exercises

Verbal

What is a geometric sequence?

A sequence in which the ratio between any two consecutive terms is constant.

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How is the common ratio of a geometric sequence found?

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What is the procedure for determining whether a sequence is geometric?

Divide each term in a sequence by the preceding term. If the resulting quotients are equal, then the sequence is geometric.

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What is the difference between an arithmetic sequence and a geometric sequence?

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Describe how exponential functions and geometric sequences are similar. How are they different?

Both geometric sequences and exponential functions have a constant ratio. However, their domains are not the same. Exponential functions are defined for all real numbers, and geometric sequences are defined only for positive integers. Another difference is that the base of a geometric sequence (the common ratio) can be negative, but the base of an exponential function must be positive.

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Algebraic

For the following exercises, find the common ratio for the geometric sequence.

1 , 3 , 9 , 27 , 81 , ...

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0.125 , 0.25 , 0.5 , 1 , 2 , ...

The common ratio is 2

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2 , 1 2 , 1 8 , 1 32 , 1 128 , ...

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For the following exercises, determine whether the sequence is geometric. If so, find the common ratio.

6 , 12 , 24 , 48 , 96 , ...

The sequence is geometric. The common ratio is 2.

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5 , 5.2 , 5.4 , 5.6 , 5.8 , ...

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1 , 1 2 , 1 4 , 1 8 , 1 16 , ...

The sequence is geometric. The common ratio is 1 2 .

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6 , 8 , 11 , 15 , 20 , ...

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0.8 , 4 , 20 , 100 , 500 , ...

The sequence is geometric. The common ratio is 5.

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For the following exercises, write the first five terms of the geometric sequence, given the first term and common ratio.

a 1 = 5 , r = 1 5

5 , 1 , 1 5 , 1 25 , 1 125

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For the following exercises, write the first five terms of the geometric sequence, given any two terms.

a 6 = 25 , a 8 = 6.25

800 , 400 , 200 , 100 , 50

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For the following exercises, find the specified term for the geometric sequence, given the first term and common ratio.

The first term is 2, and the common ratio is 3. Find the 5 th term.

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The first term is 16 and the common ratio is 1 3 . Find the 4 th term.

a 4 = 16 27

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For the following exercises, find the specified term for the geometric sequence, given the first four terms.

a n = { 1 , 2 , 4 , 8 , ... } . Find a 12 .

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a n = { 2 , 2 3 , 2 9 , 2 27 , ... } . Find a 7 .

a 7 = 2 729

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For the following exercises, write the first five terms of the geometric sequence.

a 1 = 486 , a n = 1 3 a n 1

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a 1 = 7 , a n = 0.2 a n 1

7 , 1.4 , 0.28 , 0.056 , 0.0112

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For the following exercises, write a recursive formula for each geometric sequence.

a n = { 1 , 5 , 25 , 125 , ... }

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a n = { 32 , 16 , 8 , 4 , ... }

a = 1 32 , a n = 1 2 a n 1

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a n = { 14 , 56 , 224 , 896 , ... }

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a n = { 10 , 3 , 0.9 , 0.27 , ... }

a 1 = 10 , a n = 0.3 a n 1

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a n = { 0.61 , 1.83 , 5.49 , 16.47 , ... }

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a n = { 3 5 , 1 10 , 1 60 , 1 360 , ... }

a 1 = 3 5 , a n = 1 6 a n 1

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a n = { 2 , 4 3 , 8 9 , 16 27 , ... }

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a n = { 1 512 , 1 128 , 1 32 , 1 8 , ... }

a 1 = 1 512 , a n = 4 a n 1

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For the following exercises, write the first five terms of the geometric sequence.

a n = 4 5 n 1

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a n = 12 ( 1 2 ) n 1

12 , 6 , 3 , 3 2 , 3 4

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For the following exercises, write an explicit formula for each geometric sequence.

a n = { 2 , 4 , 8 , 16 , ... }

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a n = { 1 , 3 , 9 , 27 , ... }

a n = 3 n 1

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a n = { 4 , 12 , 36 , 108 , ... }

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a n = { 0.8 , 4 , 20 , 100 , ... }

a n = 0.8 ( 5 ) n 1

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a n = { 1.25 , 5 , 20 , 80 , ... }

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a n = { 1 , 4 5 , 16 25 , 64 125 , ... }

a n = ( 4 5 ) n 1

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a n = { 2 , 1 3 , 1 18 , 1 108 , ... }

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a n = { 3 , 1 , 1 3 , 1 9 , ... }

a n = 3 ( 1 3 ) n 1

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For the following exercises, find the specified term for the geometric sequence given.

Let a 1 = 4 , a n = 3 a n 1 . Find a 8 .

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Let a n = ( 1 3 ) n 1 . Find a 12 .

a 12 = 1 177 , 147

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For the following exercises, find the number of terms in the given finite geometric sequence.

a n = { 1 , 3 , 9 , ... , 2187 }

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a n = { 2 , 1 , 1 2 , ... , 1 1024 }

There are 12 terms in the sequence.

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Graphical

For the following exercises, determine whether the graph shown represents a geometric sequence.

Graph of a scattered plot with labeled points: (1, -0.5), (2, 0.25), (3, 1.375), (4, 3.0625), and (5, 5.5938). The x-axis is labeled n and the y-axis is labeled a_n.

The graph does not represent a geometric sequence.

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For the following exercises, use the information provided to graph the first five terms of the geometric sequence.

a 1 = 3 , a n = 2 a n 1

Graph of a scattered plot with labeled points: (1, 3), (2, 6), (3, 12), (4, 24), and (5, 48). The x-axis is labeled n and the y-axis is labeled a_n.
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a n = 27 0.3 n 1

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Extensions

Use recursive formulas to give two examples of geometric sequences whose 3 rd terms are 200.

Answers will vary. Examples: a 1 = 800 , a n = 0.5 a n 1 and a 1 = 12.5 , a n = 4 a n 1

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Use explicit formulas to give two examples of geometric sequences whose 7 th terms are 1024.

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Find the 5 th term of the geometric sequence { b , 4 b , 16 b , ... } .

a 5 = 256 b

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Find the 7 th term of the geometric sequence { 64 a ( b ) , 32 a ( 3 b ) , 16 a ( 9 b ) , ... } .

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At which term does the sequence { 10 , 12 , 14.4 , 17.28 ,   ... } exceed 100 ?

The sequence exceeds 100 at the 14 th term, a 14 107.

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At which term does the sequence { 1 2187 , 1 729 , 1 243 , 1 81   ... } begin to have integer values?

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For which term does the geometric sequence a n = 36 ( 2 3 ) n 1 first have a non-integer value?

a 4 = 32 3 is the first non-integer value

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Use the recursive formula to write a geometric sequence whose common ratio is an integer. Show the first four terms, and then find the 10 th term.

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Use the explicit formula to write a geometric sequence whose common ratio is a decimal number between 0 and 1. Show the first 4 terms, and then find the 8 th term.

Answers will vary. Example: Explicit formula with a decimal common ratio: a n = 400 0.5 n 1 ; First 4 terms: 400 , 200 , 100 , 50 ; a 8 = 3.125

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Is it possible for a sequence to be both arithmetic and geometric? If so, give an example.

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Questions & Answers

it is the relatively stable flow of income
Chidubem Reply
what is circular flow of income
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branches of macroeconomics
SHEDRACK Reply
what is Flexible exchang rate?
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is gdp a reliable measurement of wealth
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introduction to econometrics
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Why is unemployment rate never zero at full employment?
Priyanka Reply
bcoz of existence of frictional unemployment in our economy.
Umashankar
what is flexible exchang rate?
poudel
due to existence of the pple with disabilities
Abdulraufu
the demand of a good rises, causing the demand for another good to fall
Rushawn Reply
is it possible to leave every good at the same level
Joseph
I don't think so. because check it, if the demand for chicken increases, people will no longer consume fish like they used to causing a fall in the demand for fish
Anuolu
is not really possible to let the value of a goods to be same at the same time.....
Salome
Suppose the inflation rate is 6%, does it mean that all the goods you purchase will cost 6% more than previous year? Provide with reasoning.
Geetha Reply
Not necessarily. To measure the inflation rate economists normally use an averaged price index of a basket of certain goods. So if you purchase goods included in the basket, you will notice that you pay 6% more, otherwise not necessarily.
Waeth
discus major problems of macroeconomics
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what is the problem of macroeconomics
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Economic growth Stable prices and low unemployment
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what is inflation
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increase in general price levels
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Good day How do I calculate this question: C= 100+5yd G= 2000 T= 2000 I(planned)=200. Suppose the actual output is 3000. What is the level of planned expenditures at this level of output?
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Criteria for determining money supply
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Aggregate demand
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C=k100 +9y and i=k50.calculate the equilibrium level of output
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A unit of account is something that can be used to value goods and services and make calculations
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I want to know how can we define macroeconomics in one line
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it must be .9 or 0.9 no Mpc is greater than 1 Y=100+.9Y+50 Y-.9Y=150 0.1Y/0.1=150/0.1 Y=1500
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hi can someone help me on this question If a negative shocks shifts the IS curve to the left, what type of policy do you suggest so as to stabilize the level of output? discuss your answer using appropriate graph.
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if interest rate is increased this will will reduce the level of income shifting the curve to the left ◀️
Kalombe
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Source:  OpenStax, Precalculus. OpenStax CNX. Jan 19, 2016 Download for free at https://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11667/1.6
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