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What is the composition of two functions, f g ?

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If the order is reversed when composing two functions, can the result ever be the same as the answer in the original order of the composition? If yes, give an example. If no, explain why not.

Yes. Sample answer: Let f ( x ) = x + 1  and  g ( x ) = x 1. Then f ( g ( x ) ) = f ( x 1 ) = ( x 1 ) + 1 = x and g ( f ( x ) ) = g ( x + 1 ) = ( x + 1 ) 1 = x . So f g = g f .

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How do you find the domain for the composition of two functions, f g ?

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Algebraic

Given f ( x ) = x 2 + 2 x   and   g ( x ) = 6 x 2 , find f + g , f g , f g ,   and   f g . Determine the domain for each function in interval notation.

( f + g ) ( x ) = 2 x + 6 , domain: ( , )

( f g ) ( x ) = 2 x 2 + 2 x 6 , domain: ( , )

( f g ) ( x ) = x 4 2 x 3 + 6 x 2 + 12 x , domain: ( , )

( f g ) ( x ) = x 2 + 2 x 6 x 2 , domain: ( , 6 ) ( 6 , 6 ) ( 6 , )

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Given f ( x ) = 3 x 2 + x   and   g ( x ) = 5 , find f + g , f g , f g , and   f g . Determine the domain for each function in interval notation.

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Given f ( x ) = 2 x 2 + 4 x   and   g ( x ) = 1 2 x , find f + g , f g , f g ,   and   f g . Determine the domain for each function in interval notation.

( f + g ) ( x ) = 4 x 3 + 8 x 2 + 1 2 x , domain: ( , 0 ) ( 0 , )

( f g ) ( x ) = 4 x 3 + 8 x 2 1 2 x , domain: ( , 0 ) ( 0 , )

( f g ) ( x ) = x + 2 , domain: ( , 0 ) ( 0 , )

( f g ) ( x ) = 4 x 3 + 8 x 2 , domain: ( , 0 ) ( 0 , )

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Given f ( x ) = 1 x 4 and g ( x ) = 1 6 x , find f + g , f g , f g ,   and   f g . Determine the domain for each function in interval notation.

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Given f ( x ) = 3 x 2 and g ( x ) = x 5 , find f + g , f g , f g ,   and   f g . Determine the domain for each function in interval notation.

( f + g ) ( x ) = 3 x 2 + x 5 , domain: [ 5 , )

( f g ) ( x ) = 3 x 2 x 5 , domain: [ 5 , )

( f g ) ( x ) = 3 x 2 x 5 , domain: [ 5 , )

( f g ) ( x ) = 3 x 2 x 5 , domain: ( 5 , )

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Given f ( x ) = x and g ( x ) = | x 3 | , find g f . Determine the domain of the function in interval notation.

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Given f ( x ) = 2 x 2 + 1 and g ( x ) = 3 x 5 , find the following:

  1. f ( g ( 2 ) )
  2. f ( g ( x ) )
  3. g ( f ( x ) )
  4. ( g g ) ( x )
  5. ( f f ) ( 2 )

a. 3; b. f ( g ( x ) ) = 2 ( 3 x 5 ) 2 + 1 ; c. f ( g ( x ) ) = 6 x 2 2 ; d. ( g g ) ( x ) = 3 ( 3 x 5 ) 5 = 9 x 20 ; e. ( f f ) ( 2 ) = 163

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For the following exercises, use each pair of functions to find f ( g ( x ) ) and g ( f ( x ) ) . Simplify your answers.

f ( x ) = x 2 + 1 , g ( x ) = x + 2

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f ( x ) = x + 2 , g ( x ) = x 2 + 3

f ( g ( x ) ) = x 2 + 3 + 2 , g ( f ( x ) ) = x + 4 x + 7

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f ( x ) = | x | , g ( x ) = 5 x + 1

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f ( x ) = x 3 , g ( x ) = x + 1 x 3

f ( g ( x ) ) = x + 1 x 3 3 = x + 1 3 x , g ( f ( x ) ) = x 3 + 1 x

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f ( x ) = 1 x 6 , g ( x ) = 7 x + 6

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f ( x ) = 1 x 4 , g ( x ) = 2 x + 4

( f g ) ( x ) = 1 2 x + 4 4 = x 2 ,   ( g f ) ( x ) = 2 x 4

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For the following exercises, use each set of functions to find f ( g ( h ( x ) ) ) . Simplify your answers.

f ( x ) = x 4 + 6 , g ( x ) = x 6 , and h ( x ) = x

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f ( x ) = x 2 + 1 , g ( x ) = 1 x , and h ( x ) = x + 3

f ( g ( h ( x ) ) ) = ( 1 x + 3 ) 2 + 1

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Given f ( x ) = 1 x and g ( x ) = x 3 , find the following:

  1. ( f g ) ( x )
  2. the domain of ( f g ) ( x ) in interval notation
  3. ( g f ) ( x )
  4. the domain of ( g f ) ( x )
  5. ( f g ) x
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Given f ( x ) = 2 4 x and g ( x ) = 3 x , find the following:

  1. ( g f ) ( x )
  2. the domain of ( g f ) ( x ) in interval notation

a. ( g f ) ( x ) = 3 2 4 x ; b. ( , 1 2 )

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Given the functions f ( x ) = 1 x x and g ( x ) = 1 1 + x 2 , find the following:

  1. ( g f ) ( x )
  2. ( g f ) ( 2 )
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Given functions p ( x ) = 1 x and m ( x ) = x 2 4 , state the domain of each of the following functions using interval notation:

  1. p ( x ) m ( x )
  2. p ( m ( x ) )
  3. m ( p ( x ) )

a. ( 0 , 2 ) ( 2 , ) ; b. ( , 2 ) ( 2 , ) ; c. ( 0 , )

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Given functions q ( x ) = 1 x and h ( x ) = x 2 9 , state the domain of each of the following functions using interval notation.

  1. q ( x ) h ( x )
  2. q ( h ( x ) )
  3. h ( q ( x ) )
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For f ( x ) = 1 x and g ( x ) = x 1 , write the domain of ( f g ) ( x ) in interval notation.

( 1 , )

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For the following exercises, find functions f ( x ) and g ( x ) so the given function can be expressed as h ( x ) = f ( g ( x ) ) .

Practice Key Terms 1

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Source:  OpenStax, Precalculus. OpenStax CNX. Jan 19, 2016 Download for free at https://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11667/1.6
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