# 11.7 Probability  (Page 7/18)

 Page 7 / 18

What is the percent chance that a player selects exactly 3 winning numbers?

$\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\frac{C\left(20,3\right)C\left(60,17\right)}{C\left(80,20\right)}\approx 12.49%\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$

What is the percent chance that a player selects exactly 4 winning numbers?

What is the percent chance that a player selects all 5 winning numbers?

$\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\frac{C\left(20,5\right)C\left(60,15\right)}{C\left(80,20\right)}\approx 23.33%\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$

What is the percent chance of winning?

How much less is a player’s chance of selecting 3 winning numbers than the chance of selecting either 4 or 5 winning numbers?

$20.50+23.33-12.49=31.34%$

## Real-world applications

Use this data for the exercises that follow: In 2013, there were roughly 317 million citizens in the United States, and about 40 million were elderly (aged 65 and over). United States Census Bureau. http://www.census.gov

If you meet a U.S. citizen, what is the percent chance that the person is elderly? (Round to the nearest tenth of a percent.)

If you meet five U.S. citizens, what is the percent chance that exactly one is elderly? (Round to the nearest tenth of a percent.)

$\frac{C\left(40000000,1\right)C\left(277000000,4\right)}{C\left(317000000,5\right)}=36.78%$

If you meet five U.S. citizens, what is the percent chance that three are elderly? (Round to the nearest tenth of a percent.)

If you meet five U.S. citizens, what is the percent chance that four are elderly? (Round to the nearest thousandth of a percent.)

$\frac{C\left(40000000,4\right)C\left(277000000,1\right)}{C\left(317000000,5\right)}=0.11%$

It is predicted that by 2030, one in five U.S. citizens will be elderly. How much greater will the chances of meeting an elderly person be at that time? What policy changes do you foresee if these statistics hold true?

## Sequences and Their Notation

Write the first four terms of the sequence defined by the recursive formula $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}{a}_{1}=2,\text{\hspace{0.17em}}{a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}+n.$

$2,4,7,11$

Evaluate $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\frac{6!}{\left(5-3\right)!3!}.$

Write the first four terms of the sequence defined by the explicit formula $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}{a}_{n}={10}^{n}+3.$

$13,103,1003,10003$

Write the first four terms of the sequence defined by the explicit formula $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}{a}_{n}=\frac{n!}{n\left(n+1\right)}.$

## Arithmetic Sequences

Is the sequence $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\frac{4}{7},\frac{47}{21},\frac{82}{21},\frac{39}{7},\text{\hspace{0.17em}}...$ arithmetic? If so, find the common difference.

The sequence is arithmetic. The common difference is $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}d=\frac{5}{3}.$

Is the sequence $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}2,4,8,16,\text{\hspace{0.17em}}...\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ arithmetic? If so, find the common difference.

An arithmetic sequence has the first term $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}{a}_{1}=18\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ and common difference $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}d=-8.\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ What are the first five terms?

$18,10,2,-6,-14$

An arithmetic sequence has terms ${a}_{3}=11.7$ and ${a}_{8}=-14.6.$ What is the first term?

Write a recursive formula for the arithmetic sequence $-20\text{,}-10,0\text{,}10\text{,…}$

Write a recursive formula for the arithmetic sequence and then find the 31 st term.

Write an explicit formula for the arithmetic sequence

${a}_{n}=\frac{1}{3}n+\frac{13}{24}$

How many terms are in the finite arithmetic sequence $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}12,20,28,\dots ,172?$

## Geometric Sequences

Find the common ratio for the geometric sequence

$r=2$

Is the sequence geometric? If so find the common ratio. If not, explain why.

A geometric sequence has terms $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}{a}_{7}=16\text{,}384\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ and $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}{a}_{9}=262\text{,}144\text{\hspace{0.17em}.}$ What are the first five terms?

A geometric sequence has the first term $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}{a}_{1}\text{=}-3\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ and common ratio $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}r=\frac{1}{2}.\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ What is the 8 th term?

#### Questions & Answers

I've run into this: x = r*cos(angle1 + angle2) Which expands to: x = r(cos(angle1)*cos(angle2) - sin(angle1)*sin(angle2)) The r value confuses me here, because distributing it makes: (r*cos(angle2))(cos(angle1) - (r*sin(angle2))(sin(angle1)) How does this make sense? Why does the r distribute once
Carlos Reply
How can you tell what type of parent function a graph is ?
Mary Reply
generally by how the graph looks and understanding what the base parent functions look like and perform on a graph
William
if you have a graphed line, you can have an idea by how the directions of the line turns, i.e. negative, positive, zero
William
y=x will obviously be a straight line with a zero slope
William
y=x^2 will have a parabolic line opening to positive infinity on both sides of the y axis vice versa with y=-x^2 you'll have both ends of the parabolic line pointing downward heading to negative infinity on both sides of the y axis
William
y=x will be a straight line, but it will have a slope of one. Remember, if y=1 then x=1, so for every unit you rise you move over positively one unit. To get a straight line with a slope of 0, set y=1 or any integer.
Aaron
yes, correction on my end, I meant slope of 1 instead of slope of 0
William
what is f(x)=
Karim Reply
I don't understand
Joe
Typically a function 'f' will take 'x' as input, and produce 'y' as output. As 'f(x)=y'. According to Google, "The range of a function is the complete set of all possible resulting values of the dependent variable (y, usually), after we have substituted the domain."
Thomas
Sorry, I don't know where the "Â"s came from. They shouldn't be there. Just ignore them. :-)
Thomas
GREAT ANSWER THOUGH!!!
Darius
Thanks.
Thomas
Â
Thomas
It is the Â that should not be there. It doesn't seem to show if encloses in quotation marks. "Â" or 'Â' ... Â
Thomas
Now it shows, go figure?
Thomas
what is this?
unknown Reply
i do not understand anything
unknown
lol...it gets better
Darius
I've been struggling so much through all of this. my final is in four weeks 😭
Tiffany
this book is an excellent resource! have you guys ever looked at the online tutoring? there's one that is called "That Tutor Guy" and he goes over a lot of the concepts
Darius
thank you I have heard of him. I should check him out.
Tiffany
is there any question in particular?
Joe
I have always struggled with math. I get lost really easy, if you have any advice for that, it would help tremendously.
Tiffany
Sure, are you in high school or college?
Darius
Hi, apologies for the delayed response. I'm in college.
Tiffany
how to solve polynomial using a calculator
Ef Reply
So a horizontal compression by factor of 1/2 is the same as a horizontal stretch by a factor of 2, right?
KARMEL Reply
The center is at (3,4) a focus is at (3,-1), and the lenght of the major axis is 26
Rima Reply
The center is at (3,4) a focus is at (3,-1) and the lenght of the major axis is 26 what will be the answer?
Rima
I done know
Joe
What kind of answer is that😑?
Rima
I had just woken up when i got this message
Joe
Can you please help me. Tomorrow is the deadline of my assignment then I don't know how to solve that
Rima
i have a question.
Abdul
how do you find the real and complex roots of a polynomial?
Abdul
@abdul with delta maybe which is b(square)-4ac=result then the 1st root -b-radical delta over 2a and the 2nd root -b+radical delta over 2a. I am not sure if this was your question but check it up
Nare
This is the actual question: Find all roots(real and complex) of the polynomial f(x)=6x^3 + x^2 - 4x + 1
Abdul
@Nare please let me know if you can solve it.
Abdul
I have a question
juweeriya
hello guys I'm new here? will you happy with me
mustapha
The average annual population increase of a pack of wolves is 25.
Brittany Reply
how do you find the period of a sine graph
Imani Reply
Period =2π if there is a coefficient (b), just divide the coefficient by 2π to get the new period
Am
if not then how would I find it from a graph
Imani
by looking at the graph, find the distance between two consecutive maximum points (the highest points of the wave). so if the top of one wave is at point A (1,2) and the next top of the wave is at point B (6,2), then the period is 5, the difference of the x-coordinates.
Am
you could also do it with two consecutive minimum points or x-intercepts
Am
I will try that thank u
Imani
Case of Equilateral Hyperbola
Jhon Reply
ok
Zander
ok
Shella
f(x)=4x+2, find f(3)
Benetta
f(3)=4(3)+2 f(3)=14
lamoussa
14
Vedant
pre calc teacher: "Plug in Plug in...smell's good" f(x)=14
Devante
8x=40
Chris
Explain why log a x is not defined for a < 0
Baptiste Reply
the sum of any two linear polynomial is what
Esther Reply
divide simplify each answer 3/2÷5/4
Momo Reply
divide simplify each answer 25/3÷5/12
Momo
how can are find the domain and range of a relations
austin Reply
the range is twice of the natural number which is the domain
Morolake
A cell phone company offers two plans for minutes. Plan A: $15 per month and$2 for every 300 texts. Plan B: $25 per month and$0.50 for every 100 texts. How many texts would you need to send per month for plan B to save you money?
Diddy Reply
6000
Robert
more than 6000
Robert
For Plan A to reach $27/month to surpass Plan B's$26.50 monthly payment, you'll need 3,000 texts which will cost an additional \$10.00. So, for the amount of texts you need to send would need to range between 1-100 texts for the 100th increment, times that by 3 for the additional amount of texts...
Gilbert
...for one text payment for 300 for Plan A. So, that means Plan A; in my opinion is for people with text messaging abilities that their fingers burn the monitor for the cell phone. While Plan B would be for loners that doesn't need their fingers to due the talking; but those texts mean more then...
Gilbert

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