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    Topics covered in this chapter

  • Prerequisites and text books
  • Scalar, vector and tensor fields
  • Curves, surfaces, and volumes
  • Coordinate systems
  • Units
  • Continuum approximation
  • Densities, potential gradients, and fluxes
  • Velocity: a measure of flux by convection
  • Density
  • Species concentration
  • Energy (heat)
  • Porous media
  • Momentum
  • Electricity and Magnetism

Introduction

This course is designed as a first level graduate course in transport phenomena. Undergraduate courses generally start with simple example problems and lead to more complex problems. With this approach, the student must learn the fundamental principles by induction. The approach used here is to teach the fundamental principles and then deduce the analysis for example problems. The example problems are classical problems that should be familiar to all Ph.D. Chemical Engineering graduates. These problems will be presented not only as an exercise with analytical or numerical solutions but also as simulated experiments which are to be interpreted and graphically displayed for presentation.

Prerequisites and text books

Students in this class are expected to have a background corresponding to a BS degree in Chemical Engineering. This includes a course in multivariable calculus, which covers the algebra and calculus of vectors fields on volumes, surfaces, and curves of 3-D space and time. Courses in ordinary and partial differential equations are a prerequisite. Some elementary understanding of fluid mechanics is expected from a course in transport phenomena, fluid mechanics, or physics. It is assumed that not all students have the prerequisite background. Thus, material such as vector algebra and calculus will be briefly reviewed and exercise problems assigned that will require more reading from the student if they are not already familiar with the material.

The two required textbooks for this course are R. Aris, Vectors, Tensors, and the Basic Equations of Fluid Mechanics and Bird, Stewart, and Lightfoot, Transport Phenomena . Several of the classical problems are from S. W. Churchill, Viscous Flows, The Practical Use of Theory . The classical textbook, Feyman, Leighton, and Sands, The Feyman Lectures on Physics, Volume II is highly recommended for its clarity of presentation of vector fields and physical phenomena. The students are expected to be competent in MATLAB, FORTRAN, and EXCEL and have access to Numerical Recipes in FORTRAN .

The following table is a suggested book list for independent studies in transport phenomena.

Transport phenomena book list
Author Title Publisher Year
L.D. Landau andE. M. Lifshitz Fluid Mechanics, 2 nd Ed. Butterworth 1987
V. G. Levich Physicochemical Hydrodynamics Prentice-Hall 1962
S. Chandrasekhar Hydrodynamics and Hydromagnetic Stability Dover 1961
H. Schlichting Boundary Layer Theory McGraw-Hill 1960
H. Lamb Hydrodynamics Dover 1932
S. Goldstein Modern Developments in Fluid Dynamics Dover 1965
W. E. Langlois Slow Viscous Flow Macmillan 1964
J. Happel, H. Brenner Low Reynolds Number Hydrodynamics Kluwer 1973
G. K. Batchelor An Introduction to Fluid Mechanics Cambridge 1967
S.-I. Pai Viscous Flow Theory I Laminar Flow Van Nostrand 1956
M. Van Dyke Perturbation Methods in Fluid Mechanics Academic Press 1964
S. W. Churchill Inertial Flows Etaner 1980
S. W. Churchill Viscous Flows Butterworths 1988
R. F. Probstein Physicochemical Hydrodynamics Butterworth-Heinemann 1989
S. Middleman An Introduction to Fluid Dynamics John Wiley 1998
S. Middleman An Introduction to Mass and Heat Transfer John Wiley 1998
E. L. Koschmeider Benard Cells and Taylor Vortices Cambridge 1993
W.-J. Yang Handbook of Flow Visualization Taylor&Francis 1989
W.-J. Yang Computer-Assisted Flow Visualization CRC Press 1994
A. J. Chorin Computational Fluid Mechanics Academic Press 1989
A. J. Chorin, J. E. Marsden A Mathematical Introduction to Fluid Mechanics Springer-Verlag 1993
L. C. Wrobel,C. A. Brebbia Computational Modeling of Free and Moving Boundary Problems, Vol. 1 Fluid Flow Computational Mechanics Publications 1991
M. J. Baines,K. W. Morton Numerical Methods for Fluid Dynamics Oxford 1993
W. E. Schiesser,C. A. Silebi Computational Transport Phenomena Cambridge 1997
N. Ida, J. P. A. Bastos Electro-Magnetics and Calculation of Fields Springer 1997
L. G. Leal Laminar Flow and Convective Transport Processes Butterworth 1992
W. M. Deen Analysis of Transport Phenomena Oxford 1998
C. S. Jog Foundations and Applications of Mechanics, Vol. I, Continuum Mechanics CRC Press 2002
C. S. Jog Foundations and Applications of Mechanics, Vol. II, Fluid Mechanics CRC Press 2002
T.J. Chung Computational Fluid Dynamics Cambridge 2002
R. J. Kee, M.E. Coltrin, P. Glarborg Chemically Reacting Flow Wiley - Interscience 2003
Z.U.A. Warsi Fluid Dynamics; Theoretical and Computational Approaches Taylor&Francis 2006
Y. A. Cengel and J. M. Cimbala Fluid Mechanics; Fundamentals and Applications McGraw Hill 2006

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Source:  OpenStax, Transport phenomena. OpenStax CNX. May 24, 2010 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11205/1.1
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