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Este módulo nos da una descripción de las ondoletas y su utilidad como base en el procesamiento de imagenes. En particular veremos las propiedades de la base de la ondoleta de Haar.

IntroducciÓN

Las series de Fourier es unaútil representación ortonormal en L 2 0 T especialmente para entradas en sistemas LTI. Sin embargo esútil para algunas aplicaciones, es decir, procesamiento de imagenes (recordando el fenomeno de Gibb ).

Las ondoletas , descubiertas en los pasados 15 años, son otro tipos de base para L 2 0 T y tiene varias propiedades.

ComparaciÓN de base

Las series de Fourier - c n dan información frecuente. Las funciones de la base duran todo el intervalo entero.

Funciones de la base de Fourier

Ondoletas - las funciones de la base con frecuencia nos dan información pero es local en el tiempo.

Funciones de la Base de la Ondoleta

En la base de Fourier, las funciones de la base son armónicas multiples de ω 0 t

base 1 T ω 0 n t

En la base de la ondoleta de Haar , las funciones de la base son escaladas y trasladadas de la version de la "ondoleta madre" ψ t .

Funciones base ψ j , k t se les pone uníndice por un escalar j y un desplazamiento k.

Sea 0 t T φ t 1 Entonces φ t 2 j 2 ψ 2 j t k j k 0 , 1 , 2 , , 2 j - 1 φ t 2 j 2 ψ 2 j t k

ψ t 1 0 t T 2 -1 0 T 2 T

Sea ψ j , k t 2 j 2 ψ 2 j t k

Más grande j →"delgado" la función de la base , j 0 1 2 , 2 j cambia a cada escala: k 0 , 1 , , 2 j - 1

Checar: cada ψ j , k t tiene energia unitaria

t ψ j , k t 2 1 ψ j , k ( t ) 2 1

Cualesquiera dos funciones de la base son ortogonales.

Misma escala
Diferente escala
Integral del producto = 0

También, ψ j , k φ generan L 2 0 T

Transformada de la ondoleta de haar

Usando lo que conocemos sobre espacios de Hilbert : Para cualquier f t L 2 0 T , podemos escribir

Sintesis

f t j j k k w j , k ψ j , k t c 0 φ t

AnÁLisis

w j , k t 0 T f t ψ j , k t
c 0 t 0 T f t φ t
los w j , k son reales
La transformación de Haar es muyútil especialemte en compresión de imagenes.

Esta demostración nos permite crear una señal por combinación de sus funciones de la base de Haar, ilustrando la ecuación de sistesis de la ecuación de la Transformada de la Ondoleta de Haar. Veámos aquí para las instrucciones de como usar el demo.

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Source:  OpenStax, Señales y sistemas. OpenStax CNX. Sep 28, 2006 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10373/1.2
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