# 4.6 Exponential and logarithmic models  (Page 8/16)

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## Verbal

With what kind of exponential model would half-life be associated? What role does half-life play in these models?

Half-life is a measure of decay and is thus associated with exponential decay models. The half-life of a substance or quantity is the amount of time it takes for half of the initial amount of that substance or quantity to decay.

What is carbon dating? Why does it work? Give an example in which carbon dating would be useful.

With what kind of exponential model would doubling time be associated? What role does doubling time play in these models?

Doubling time is a measure of growth and is thus associated with exponential growth models. The doubling time of a substance or quantity is the amount of time it takes for the initial amount of that substance or quantity to double in size.

Define Newton’s Law of Cooling. Then name at least three real-world situations where Newton’s Law of Cooling would be applied.

What is an order of magnitude? Why are orders of magnitude useful? Give an example to explain.

An order of magnitude is the nearest power of ten by which a quantity exponentially grows. It is also an approximate position on a logarithmic scale; Sample response: Orders of magnitude are useful when making comparisons between numbers that differ by a great amount. For example, the mass of Saturn is 95 times greater than the mass of Earth. This is the same as saying that the mass of Saturn is about $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}{10}^{\text{2}}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ times, or 2 orders of magnitude greater, than the mass of Earth.

## Numeric

The temperature of an object in degrees Fahrenheit after t minutes is represented by the equation $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}T\left(t\right)=68{e}^{-0.0174t}+72.\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ To the nearest degree, what is the temperature of the object after one and a half hours?

For the following exercises, use the logistic growth model $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}f\left(x\right)=\frac{150}{1+8{e}^{-2x}}.$

Find and interpret $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}f\left(0\right).\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ Round to the nearest tenth.

$f\left(0\right)\approx 16.7;\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ The amount initially present is about 16.7 units.

Find and interpret $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}f\left(4\right).\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ Round to the nearest tenth.

Find the carrying capacity.

150

Graph the model.

Determine whether the data from the table could best be represented as a function that is linear, exponential, or logarithmic. Then write a formula for a model that represents the data.

 $x$ $f\left(x\right)$ –2 0.694 –1 0.833 0 1 1 1.2 2 1.44 3 1.728 4 2.074 5 2.488

exponential; $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}f\left(x\right)={1.2}^{x}$

Rewrite $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}f\left(x\right)=1.68{\left(0.65\right)}^{x}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ as an exponential equation with base $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}e\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ to five significant digits.

## Technology

For the following exercises, enter the data from each table into a graphing calculator and graph the resulting scatter plots. Determine whether the data from the table could represent a function that is linear, exponential, or logarithmic.

 $x$ $f\left(x\right)$ 1 2 2 4.079 3 5.296 4 6.159 5 6.828 6 7.375 7 7.838 8 8.238 9 8.592 10 8.908

logarithmic

 $x$ $f\left(x\right)$ 1 2.4 2 2.88 3 3.456 4 4.147 5 4.977 6 5.972 7 7.166 8 8.6 9 10.32 10 12.383
 $x$ $f\left(x\right)$ 4 9.429 5 9.972 6 10.415 7 10.79 8 11.115 9 11.401 10 11.657 11 11.889 12 12.101 13 12.295

logarithmic

 $x$ $f\left(x\right)$ 1.25 5.75 2.25 8.75 3.56 12.68 4.2 14.6 5.65 18.95 6.75 22.25 7.25 23.75 8.6 27.8 9.25 29.75 10.5 33.5

For the following exercises, use a graphing calculator and this scenario: the population of a fish farm in $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}t\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ years is modeled by the equation $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}P\left(t\right)=\frac{1000}{1+9{e}^{-0.6t}}.$

where we get a research paper on Nano chemistry....?
what are the products of Nano chemistry?
There are lots of products of nano chemistry... Like nano coatings.....carbon fiber.. And lots of others..
learn
Even nanotechnology is pretty much all about chemistry... Its the chemistry on quantum or atomic level
learn
da
no nanotechnology is also a part of physics and maths it requires angle formulas and some pressure regarding concepts
Bhagvanji
Preparation and Applications of Nanomaterial for Drug Delivery
revolt
da
Application of nanotechnology in medicine
what is variations in raman spectra for nanomaterials
I only see partial conversation and what's the question here!
what about nanotechnology for water purification
please someone correct me if I'm wrong but I think one can use nanoparticles, specially silver nanoparticles for water treatment.
Damian
yes that's correct
Professor
I think
Professor
Nasa has use it in the 60's, copper as water purification in the moon travel.
Alexandre
nanocopper obvius
Alexandre
what is the stm
is there industrial application of fullrenes. What is the method to prepare fullrene on large scale.?
Rafiq
industrial application...? mmm I think on the medical side as drug carrier, but you should go deeper on your research, I may be wrong
Damian
How we are making nano material?
what is a peer
What is meant by 'nano scale'?
What is STMs full form?
LITNING
scanning tunneling microscope
Sahil
how nano science is used for hydrophobicity
Santosh
Do u think that Graphene and Fullrene fiber can be used to make Air Plane body structure the lightest and strongest. Rafiq
Rafiq
what is differents between GO and RGO?
Mahi
what is simplest way to understand the applications of nano robots used to detect the cancer affected cell of human body.? How this robot is carried to required site of body cell.? what will be the carrier material and how can be detected that correct delivery of drug is done Rafiq
Rafiq
if virus is killing to make ARTIFICIAL DNA OF GRAPHENE FOR KILLED THE VIRUS .THIS IS OUR ASSUMPTION
Anam
analytical skills graphene is prepared to kill any type viruses .
Anam
Any one who tell me about Preparation and application of Nanomaterial for drug Delivery
Hafiz
what is Nano technology ?
write examples of Nano molecule?
Bob
The nanotechnology is as new science, to scale nanometric
brayan
nanotechnology is the study, desing, synthesis, manipulation and application of materials and functional systems through control of matter at nanoscale
Damian
Is there any normative that regulates the use of silver nanoparticles?
what king of growth are you checking .?
Renato
What fields keep nano created devices from performing or assimulating ? Magnetic fields ? Are do they assimilate ?
why we need to study biomolecules, molecular biology in nanotechnology?
?
Kyle
yes I'm doing my masters in nanotechnology, we are being studying all these domains as well..
why?
what school?
Kyle
biomolecules are e building blocks of every organics and inorganic materials.
Joe
how did you get the value of 2000N.What calculations are needed to arrive at it
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