4.6 Exponential and logarithmic equations  (Page 3/8)

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Solve $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}{2}^{x}={3}^{x+1}.$

$x=\frac{\mathrm{ln}3}{\mathrm{ln}\left(2}{3}\right)}$

Is there any way to solve $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}{2}^{x}={3}^{x}?$

Yes. The solution is $0.$

Equations containing e

One common type of exponential equations are those with base $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}e.\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ This constant occurs again and again in nature, in mathematics, in science, in engineering, and in finance. When we have an equation with a base $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}e\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ on either side, we can use the natural logarithm    to solve it.

Given an equation of the form $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}y=A{e}^{kt}\text{,}$ solve for $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}t.$

1. Divide both sides of the equation by $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}A.$
2. Apply the natural logarithm of both sides of the equation.
3. Divide both sides of the equation by $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}k.$

Solve an equation of the form y = Ae kt

Solve $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}100=20{e}^{2t}.$

Solve $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}3{e}^{0.5t}=11.$

$t=2\mathrm{ln}\left(\frac{11}{3}\right)\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ or $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\mathrm{ln}{\left(\frac{11}{3}\right)}^{2}$

Does every equation of the form $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}y=A{e}^{kt}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ have a solution?

No. There is a solution when $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}k\ne 0,$ and when $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}y\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ and $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}A\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ are either both 0 or neither 0, and they have the same sign. An example of an equation with this form that has no solution is $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}2=-3{e}^{t}.$

Solving an equation that can be simplified to the form y = Ae kt

Solve $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}4{e}^{2x}+5=12.$

Solve $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}3+{e}^{2t}=7{e}^{2t}.$

$t=\mathrm{ln}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\right)=-\frac{1}{2}\mathrm{ln}\left(2\right)$

Extraneous solutions

Sometimes the methods used to solve an equation introduce an extraneous solution    , which is a solution that is correct algebraically but does not satisfy the conditions of the original equation. One such situation arises in solving when the logarithm is taken on both sides of the equation. In such cases, remember that the argument of the logarithm must be positive. If the number we are evaluating in a logarithm function is negative, there is no output.

Solving exponential functions in quadratic form

Solve $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}{e}^{2x}-{e}^{x}=56.$

Solve $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}{e}^{2x}={e}^{x}+2.$

$x=\mathrm{ln}2$

Does every logarithmic equation have a solution?

No. Keep in mind that we can only apply the logarithm to a positive number. Always check for extraneous solutions.

Using the definition of a logarithm to solve logarithmic equations

We have already seen that every logarithmic equation $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}{\mathrm{log}}_{b}\left(x\right)=y\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ is equivalent to the exponential equation $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}{b}^{y}=x.\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ We can use this fact, along with the rules of logarithms, to solve logarithmic equations where the argument is an algebraic expression.

For example, consider the equation $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}{\mathrm{log}}_{2}\left(2\right)+{\mathrm{log}}_{2}\left(3x-5\right)=3.\text{\hspace{0.17em}}$ To solve this equation, we can use rules of logarithms to rewrite the left side in compact form and then apply the definition of logs to solve for $\text{\hspace{0.17em}}x:$

what is set?
a colony of bacteria is growing exponentially doubling in size every 100 minutes. how much minutes will it take for the colony of bacteria to triple in size
I got 300 minutes. is it right?
Patience
no. should be about 150 minutes.
Jason
It should be 158.5 minutes.
Mr
ok, thanks
Patience
100•3=300 300=50•2^x 6=2^x x=log_2(6) =2.5849625 so, 300=50•2^2.5849625 and, so, the # of bacteria will double every (100•2.5849625) = 258.49625 minutes
Thomas
what is the importance knowing the graph of circular functions?
can get some help basic precalculus
What do you need help with?
Andrew
how to convert general to standard form with not perfect trinomial
can get some help inverse function
ismail
Rectangle coordinate
how to find for x
it depends on the equation
Robert
yeah, it does. why do we attempt to gain all of them one side or the other?
Melissa
whats a domain
The domain of a function is the set of all input on which the function is defined. For example all real numbers are the Domain of any Polynomial function.
Spiro
Spiro; thanks for putting it out there like that, 😁
Melissa
foci (–7,–17) and (–7,17), the absolute value of the differenceof the distances of any point from the foci is 24.
difference between calculus and pre calculus?
give me an example of a problem so that I can practice answering
x³+y³+z³=42
Robert
dont forget the cube in each variable ;)
Robert
of she solves that, well ... then she has a lot of computational force under her command ....
Walter
what is a function?
I want to learn about the law of exponent
explain this
what is functions?
A mathematical relation such that every input has only one out.
Spiro
yes..it is a relationo of orders pairs of sets one or more input that leads to a exactly one output.
Mubita
Is a rule that assigns to each element X in a set A exactly one element, called F(x), in a set B.
RichieRich