<< Chapter < Page Chapter >> Page >

4 3 2 1 24

This can be represented by 4! (read “four factorial”).

4 4 3 2 1 24

Factorials

The exclamation symbol after a natural number indicates to multiple a series of descending natural numbers from n to 1 .

n n n-1 n-2 ... 1
0!=1

Suppose that we have five members on a committee.

  1. If there are two positions on the committee of president and vice president, how many different ways could the positions be filled?
  2. If there are five positions on the committee, how many different ways could you fill the five positions?

  1. There are 20 different ways to fill the position of president and vice president. There are five members to choose from for the first position and if we choose a member to be president, we now have four members to choose from for the next position.

    5 4 20

  2. 5 = 5 4 3 2 1 120

Using ti-83,83+,84,84+ calculator

Use [link] with these instructions.

  • Enter 5.
  • Press MATH.
  • Arrow across to PRB.
  • Press ENTER.
  • Arrow down the list to 4:!
  • Press ENTER.

20 students have volunteered to be class representatives (reps).

  1. If the teacher randomly selects two students to be class representatives, how many groups of two can be formed?
  2. If the teacher randomly selects four students to be class representatives, how many groups of four can be formed?
  3. If the teacher selects all 20 students to be class representatives and each one is assigned to a group of students, how many different ways can theclass representatives be assigned?

  1. 20 19 380
  2. 20 19 18 17 116280
  3. 20

Let’s look again at the example of hanging pictures along a wall. Suppose you decide that you are only going to hang two of the pictures in a row. We saw that if we choose one picture to hang first, we are now left with three choices of pictures for the next position on the wall. Using the multiplicative rule, there are 43 = 12 possible arrangements of pictures for the first two positions on the wall.

There are four different pictures and we are selecting only two and arranging them in a specific order. This is known as a permutation .

Permutation

Permutation is the arrangements of r elements in a different order chosen from n distinct available items. Below are different ways that a permutation can be represented.Insert paragraph text here.

P r n n n P r n n r n n 1 n n 2 ... n r 1

For the picture example, there are four pictures ( n = 4) and we are selecting two pictures ( r = 2) and arranging them in a specific order. Using the multiplication rule, we have seen that the answer is 12. Using permutation, we can see that we get the same result.

P 2 4 n 4 P 2 4 4 2 4 2 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 12

There are 4! different ways of arranging the four pictures on the wall. We divide by the number of ways of arranging the items that are not selected because we only care about the arrangement of the items selected.

There are 4! different ways of arranging the four pictures on the wall. We divide by the number of ways of arranging the items that are not selected because we only care about the arrangement of the items selected.

For example, let’s label the pictures A , B , C and D . If we write out the sample space for arranging 4 pictures along a wall, we get the sample space

Questions & Answers

what is mutation
Janga Reply
what is a cell
Sifune Reply
how is urine form
Sifune
what is antagonism?
mahase Reply
classification of plants, gymnosperm features.
Linsy Reply
what is the features of gymnosperm
Linsy
how many types of solid did we have
Samuel Reply
what is an ionic bond
Samuel
What is Atoms
Daprince Reply
what is fallopian tube
Merolyn
what is bladder
Merolyn
what's bulbourethral gland
Eduek Reply
urine is formed in the nephron of the renal medulla in the kidney. It starts from filtration, then selective reabsorption and finally secretion
onuoha Reply
State the evolution relation and relevance between endoplasmic reticulum and cytoskeleton as it relates to cell.
Jeremiah
what is heart
Konadu Reply
how is urine formed in human
Konadu
how is urine formed in human
Rahma
what is the diference between a cavity and a canal
Pelagie Reply
what is the causative agent of malaria
Diamond
malaria is caused by an insect called mosquito.
Naomi
Malaria is cause by female anopheles mosquito
Isaac
Malaria is caused by plasmodium Female anopheles mosquitoe is d carrier
Olalekan
a canal is more needed in a root but a cavity is a bad effect
Commander
what are pathogens
Don Reply
In biology, a pathogen (Greek: πάθος pathos "suffering", "passion" and -γενής -genēs "producer of") in the oldest and broadest sense, is anything that can produce disease. A pathogen may also be referred to as an infectious agent, or simply a germ. The term pathogen came into use in the 1880s.[1][2
Zainab
A virus
Commander
Definition of respiration
Muhsin Reply
respiration is the process in which we breath in oxygen and breath out carbon dioxide
Achor
how are lungs work
Commander
where does digestion begins
Achiri Reply
in the mouth
EZEKIEL
what are the functions of follicle stimulating harmones?
Rashima Reply
stimulates the follicle to release the mature ovum into the oviduct
Davonte
what are the functions of Endocrine and pituitary gland
Chinaza
endocrine secrete hormone and regulate body process
Achor
while pituitary gland is an example of endocrine system and it's found in the Brain
Achor
what's biology?
Egbodo Reply
Biology is the study of living organisms, divided into many specialized field that cover their morphology, physiology,anatomy, behaviour,origin and distribution.
Lisah
biology is the study of life.
Alfreda
Biology is the study of how living organisms live and survive in a specific environment
Sifune
Got questions? Join the online conversation and get instant answers!
Jobilize.com Reply
Practice Key Terms 3

Get Jobilize Job Search Mobile App in your pocket Now!

Get it on Google Play Download on the App Store Now




Source:  OpenStax, Introduction to statistics i - stat 213 - university of calgary - ver2015revb. OpenStax CNX. Oct 21, 2015 Download for free at http://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11874/1.3
Google Play and the Google Play logo are trademarks of Google Inc.

Notification Switch

Would you like to follow the 'Introduction to statistics i - stat 213 - university of calgary - ver2015revb' conversation and receive update notifications?

Ask