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This module serves as an introduction to the problem of demodulation and detection: the decision procedure for deciding which signal of a set of signals was transmitted despite noise and attenuation.

Demodulation

Convert the continuous time received signal into a vector without loss of information (or performance).

r t s m t N t
r t n 1 N s m n n t n 1 N n n t N t
r t n 1 N s m n n n t N t
r t n 1 N r n n t N t

The noise projection coefficients n 's are zero mean, Gaussian random variables and are mutually independent if N t is a white Gaussian process.

n n t 0 T N t n t
n t 0 T N t n t 0
k n t 0 T N t k t t 0 T N t k t t 0 T t 0 T N t N t k t n t
k n t 0 T t 0 T R N t t k t n t
k n N 0 2 t 0 T t 0 T t t k t n t
k n N 0 2 t 0 T k t n t N 0 2 k n N 0 2 k n 0 k n
k 's are uncorrelated and since they are Gaussian they are also independent. Therefore, k Gaussian 0 N 0 2 and R k n N 0 2 k n

The r n 's, the projection of the received signal r t onto the orthonormal bases n t 's, are independent from the residual noise process N t .

The residual noise N t is irrelevant to the decision process on r t .

Recall r n s m n n , given s m t was transmitted. Therefore,

r n s m n n s m n
Var r n Var n N 0 2
The correlation between r n and N t
N t r n N t k 1 N k k t s m n n
N t r n N t k 1 N k k t s m n k n k 1 N k n k t
N t r n N t t 0 T N t n t k 1 N N 0 2 k n k t
N t r n t 0 T N 0 2 t t n t N 0 2 n t
N t r n N 0 2 n t N 0 2 n t 0
Since both N t and r n are Gaussian then N t and r n are also independent.

The conjecture is to ignore N t and extract information from r 1 r 2 r N . Knowing the vector r we can reconstruct the relevant part of random process r t for 0 t T

r t s m t N t n 1 N r n n t N t

Once the received signal has been converted to a vector, the correct transmitted signal must be detected based uponobservations of the input vector. Detection is covered elsewhere .

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Source:  OpenStax, Digital communication systems. OpenStax CNX. Jan 22, 2004 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10134/1.3
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