# 3.7 Problem-solving strategies  (Page 3/4)

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## Problem exercises

A $5\text{.}\text{00}×{\text{10}}^{5}\text{-kg}$ rocket is accelerating straight up. Its engines produce $1\text{.}\text{250}×{\text{10}}^{7}\phantom{\rule{0.25em}{0ex}}\text{N}$ of thrust, and air resistance is $4\text{.}\text{50}×{\text{10}}^{6}\phantom{\rule{0.25em}{0ex}}\text{N}$ . What is the rocket’s acceleration? Explicitly show how you follow the steps in the Problem-Solving Strategy for Newton’s laws of motion.

Using the free-body diagram:

${F}_{\text{net}}=T-f-mg=\text{ma}$ ,

so that

$a=\frac{T-f-\text{mg}}{m}=\frac{1\text{.}\text{250}×{\text{10}}^{7}\phantom{\rule{0.25em}{0ex}}\text{N}-4.50×{\text{10}}^{\text{6}}\phantom{\rule{0.25em}{0ex}}N-\left(5.00×{\text{10}}^{5}\phantom{\rule{0.25em}{0ex}}\text{kg}\right)\left(9.{\text{80 m/s}}^{2}\right)}{5.00×{\text{10}}^{5}\phantom{\rule{0.25em}{0ex}}\text{kg}}=\text{6.20}\phantom{\rule{0.25em}{0ex}}{\text{m/s}}^{2}$ .

The wheels of a midsize car exert a force of 2100 N backward on the road to accelerate the car in the forward direction. If the force of friction including air resistance is 250 N and the acceleration of the car is $1\text{.}{\text{80 m/s}}^{2}$ , what is the mass of the car plus its occupants? Explicitly show how you follow the steps in the Problem-Solving Strategy for Newton’s laws of motion. For this situation, draw a free-body diagram and write the net force equation.

Calculate the force a 70.0-kg high jumper must exert on the ground to produce an upward acceleration 4.00 times the acceleration due to gravity. Explicitly show how you follow the steps in the Problem-Solving Strategy for Newton’s laws of motion.

1. Use Newton’s laws of motion.
2. Given : $a=4.00g=\left(4.00\right)\left(9.{\text{80 m/s}}^{2}\right)=\text{39.2}\phantom{\rule{0.25em}{0ex}}{\text{m/s}}^{2}\text{;}\phantom{\rule{0.25em}{0ex}}$ $m=\text{70}\text{.}\text{0 kg}$ ,

Find: $F$ .

3.   $\sum F\text{=+}F-w=\text{ma}\text{,}$ so that $F=\text{ma}+w=\text{ma}+\text{mg}=m\left(a+g\right)$ .

$F=\left(\text{70.0 kg}\right)\left[\left(\text{39}\text{.}{\text{2 m/s}}^{2}\right)+\left(9\text{.}{\text{80 m/s}}^{2}\right)\right]$ $=3.\text{43}×{\text{10}}^{3}\text{N}$ . The force exerted by the high-jumper is actually down on the ground, but $F$ is up from the ground and makes him jump.

4. This result is reasonable, since it is quite possible for a person to exert a force of the magnitude of ${\text{10}}^{3}\phantom{\rule{0.25em}{0ex}}\text{N}$ .

When landing after a spectacular somersault, a 40.0-kg gymnast decelerates by pushing straight down on the mat. Calculate the force she must exert if her deceleration is 7.00 times the acceleration due to gravity. Explicitly show how you follow the steps in the Problem-Solving Strategy for Newton’s laws of motion.

A freight train consists of two $8.00×{10}^{4}\text{-kg}$ engines and 45 cars with average masses of $5.50×{10}^{4}\phantom{\rule{0.25em}{0ex}}\text{kg}$ . (a) What force must each engine exert backward on the track to accelerate the train at a rate of $5.00×{\text{10}}^{\text{–2}}\phantom{\rule{0.25em}{0ex}}{\text{m/s}}^{2}$ if the force of friction is $7\text{.}\text{50}×{\text{10}}^{5}\phantom{\rule{0.25em}{0ex}}\text{N}$ , assuming the engines exert identical forces? This is not a large frictional force for such a massive system. Rolling friction for trains is small, and consequently trains are very energy-efficient transportation systems. (b) What is the force in the coupling between the 37th and 38th cars (this is the force each exerts on the other), assuming all cars have the same mass and that friction is evenly distributed among all of the cars and engines?

(a) $4\text{.}\text{41}×{\text{10}}^{5}\phantom{\rule{0.25em}{0ex}}\text{N}$

(b) $1\text{.}\text{50}×{\text{10}}^{5}\phantom{\rule{0.25em}{0ex}}\text{N}$

Commercial airplanes are sometimes pushed out of the passenger loading area by a tractor. (a) An 1800-kg tractor exerts a force of $1\text{.}\text{75}×{\text{10}}^{4}\phantom{\rule{0.25em}{0ex}}\text{N}$ backward on the pavement, and the system experiences forces resisting motion that total 2400 N. If the acceleration is $0\text{.}{\text{150 m/s}}^{2}$ , what is the mass of the airplane? (b) Calculate the force exerted by the tractor on the airplane, assuming 2200 N of the friction is experienced by the airplane. (c) Draw two sketches showing the systems of interest used to solve each part, including the free-body diagrams for each.

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What is oppunity cost
it refers wants that are left unsatisfied in Oder satisfy another more pressing need
Osei
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Kudzanayi
is the second altenative to foregone
swedy
How does monopoly and imperfect competion;public goods externalities ass symmetric information, ommon property ressourses; income distribution Merit goods and Macroeconomic growth and stability causes market failure?
Gcina
it is where by a labour moves from one place to another
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Osei
another
Amoako
yh
Osei
ok
Amoako
what is mobility of labour
who best defined economics
what are the importance of economics
Asamoah
Aakash
help to know how our government operates in which system
swedy
1. To solve economic problems. 2. To predict economic event. 3. It also offer intellectual training to students.
samuel
How price elasticity can affect the markets of certain goods
Heyy thanks for the teaching
what is labour
Mental and physical ability of human being is considered as labour.
JEYARAM
and usually provided by human
KEMAWOR
is all human effort both physical and mental abilities to work
Asamoah
why is it that most countries in Africa abuse available resources
What is economics
economics is a science which studies human behaviour as a relationship between ends, scarce means which have alternative uses.
prince
Why is scarcity a mind problem in economics
because of the problem of allocation of resources
Osola
unequalled distribution of resources
Agyen
thanks
Alima
scarcity is a mind problem due to circumstances like when a particular product is demand in a high rate at the market.
Saihou
scarcity defines limited in supply relative to the demand them. so scarcity is a mind problem in economics because wants are unlimited while resources are also limited.
prince
it is a mind problem because it's one of the fundamental issue address by economics human wants are unlimited and resources available are limited this makes the study of economics essential
rashid
its a fundamental issue
zahid
it's not a mind problem, I think it's a economic problem, how to allocate scarce resources to satisfy need and want of society
Samiullah
Identify the different sectors in the economy
what is economics
Moses
economic is study of human behaviour according to how they satisfie their numerous want
Osola
Economics is a science which studies human behaviour as a relationship between ends and scares resources.
JEYARAM
economic is study of human behaviour according to how they satisfie their numerous want
Amar
what is the law of demand
the lower the price the higher the quantity demanded vice versa is true
yes
vivek
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Asamoah
right
samuel
what are relationship between unemployment and economic growth
no relationship
Awuah
When there is economic growth, there is increased opportunity in employment. When there is no economic growth mean there is recession causing a decline or downsizing in employment opportunities.
Teescou
unemployment or employment determined by the level of economic growth
Osola
Difference between extinct and extici spicies
in a comparison of the stages of meiosis to the stage of mitosis, which stages are unique to meiosis and which stages have the same event in botg meiosis and mitosis
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