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E. one laptop per child
- Kenneth L. Kraemer, Jason Dedrick, and Prakul Sharma. "One Laptop Per Child: Vision versus Reality." Communications of the ACM. June 2009, Vol. 52, No. 6: 66-73
- This case explores the challenges of implementing a laptop computer designed as an educational tool for children in developing nations. Laptops are chosen because, in the minds of the designers, they can deliver the tools of education in one convenient package. They present and create modes of interacting with educational software; they provide a convenient way of storing and displaying reading material and promise to replace traditional printed media; they create an environment where students can learn writing working through word processing media. And the innovation of the XO laptop is that it has been designed for use by children in areas that lack infrastructure for other, traditional educational media.
- Values: (a) Distributive Justice. XO laptops, because they are cheap and linked with sponsorship by developed world institutions, promise to reduce the digital divide by giving children (and their families) in developing nations access to computers, the Internet, and all the information that the two can bring. (b) Realizing Capabilities. XO laptops can play the role of conversion factors transforming the following capabilities into functionings: Sense, imagination, and thought; Emotion; Practical Reason; Affiliation; Play
- Examples: (a) Fedora Linux Operating System; (b) WiFi access to Internet; (c) Hand cranks to recharge batteries. XO laptops are designed to operate in zones where there is no or insufficient electricity; (d) No drives. Relying on less sophisticated operating system software reduces the demand for storage capacity. (Given Internet access, many storage needs can be delegated to the Internet.) This further simplifies the system and makes it unnecessary to install a hard drive. (e) Designed for children. Hard, durable plastic casing and keyboards shaped for children’s hands
F. case for waste for life
- This case studies a press that produces building materials made from waste products and plant fibers.
- One chapter examines the integration of this technology into Lesotho.
- The other chapters look at the STS in Buenos Aires, Argentina and how it constrains the integration of similar technology there.
- This case study is available to UPRM students through the university's library. It is a part of the Morgan and Claypool series found in the section on electronic books.
- Complete Bibliographical Reference: C. Baillie, E. Feinblatt, T. Thamae, and E. Berrington. (2010).
Needs and Feasibility: A Guide for Engineers in Community Projects--The Case for Waste for Life . Morgan and Claypool.
G. aprovecho
- Aprovecho is a non-profit organization that specializes in stoves for developing nations.
- Respiratory disease from the pollution from stoves used indoors is a major cause of death for children under 5 years old in developing nations.
- Aprovecho is considering setting up a regional center for testing and distributing stoves in Puerto Rico.
- Are these stoves an appropriate technology for PR or even parts of PR?
- Be sure to listen to the NPR story on Aprovecho and the NPR series on Social Entrepreneurship
- Link given above: http://www.aprovecho.org/lab/index.php
Questions & Answers
how does Neisseria cause meningitis
is the branch of biology that deals with the study of microorganisms.
studies of microbes
Louisiaste
when we takee the specimen which lumbar,spin,
How bacteria create energy to survive?
Bacteria doesn't produce energy they are dependent upon their substrate in case of lack of nutrients they are able to make spores which helps them to sustain in harsh environments
_Adnan
But not all bacteria make spores, l mean Eukaryotic cells have Mitochondria which acts as powerhouse for them, since bacteria don't have it, what is the substitution for it?
Muhamad
they make spores
Louisiaste
what is sporadic nd endemic, epidemic
the significance of food webs for disease transmission
Abreham
food webs brings about an infection as an individual depends on number of diseased foods or carriers dully.
Mark
explain assimilatory nitrate reduction
Assimilatory nitrate reduction is a process that occurs in some microorganisms, such as bacteria and archaea, in which nitrate (NO3-) is reduced to nitrite (NO2-), and then further reduced to ammonia (NH3).
Elkana
This process is called assimilatory nitrate reduction because the nitrogen that is produced is incorporated in the cells of microorganisms where it can be used in the synthesis of amino acids and other nitrogen products
Elkana
Examples of thermophilic organisms
Give Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu
advantages of normal Flora to the host
Prevent foreign microbes to the host
Abubakar
they provide healthier benefits to their hosts
ayesha
They are friends to host only when Host immune system is strong and become enemies when the host immune system is weakened . very bad relationship!
Mark
cell is the smallest unit of life
Fauziya
cell is the smallest unit of life
Akanni
cell is the structural and functional unit of life
Hasan
is the fundamental units of Life
Musa
what are emergency diseases
There are nothing like emergency disease but there are some common medical emergency which can occur simultaneously like Bleeding,heart attack,Breathing difficulties,severe pain heart stock.Hope you will get my point .Have a nice day ❣️
_Adnan
define infection ,prevention and control
Innocent
I think infection prevention and control is the avoidance of all things we do that gives out break of infections and promotion of health practices that promote life
Lubega
Heyy Lubega hussein where are u from?
_Adnan
which site have a normal flora
Many sites of the body have it
Skin
Nasal cavity
Oral cavity
Gastro intestinal tract
Safaa
skin,Oral,Nasal,GIt
Sadik
How can Commensal can Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
How can Commensal Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
what are the advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal
what are the ways of control and prevention of nosocomial infection in the hospital
Micheal
part of a tissue or an organ being wounded or bruised.
Wilfred
what term is used to name and classify microorganisms?
Binomial nomenclature
adeolu
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Source:
OpenStax, Business, government, and society. OpenStax CNX. Mar 04, 2014 Download for free at http://legacy.cnx.org/content/col10560/1.6
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