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Die eerste getal in die hakies verwys altyd na getalle op die х–as, en die tweede na getalle op die y–as.

  • Kom ons neem ’n toer deur die assestelsel. Op die diagram is die punt (–3 ; 5) met ’n wit sirkel gemerk. Van daar wys die pyltjie na (0 ; 2). Die volgende pyl lei na (4½ ; 2½) en dan na (3 ; 0), (–5 ; –3), (1 ; –6), (0 ; 0), (–4 ; 1½) en (–4½ ; 4½) by die swart sirkel
    F
    7
    A 6
    5
    4
    3 D
    2
    1
    –7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 E 7 8
    –1
    B –2
    –3
    –4
    –5 C
    G –6
    –7

Maak seker dat jy die werking van koördinate goed verstaan voordat jy aangaan.

Tweede kwadrant Eerste kwadrant
Derde kwadrant Vierde kwadrant
Die asse (donker lyne) verdeel die Cartesiese vlak in vier kwadrante.

2.1 Skryf die koördinate neer van die punte A tot G op die dia­gram. Gebruik kommapunte en hakies, en skryf die twee getalle in die korrekte volgorde.

2.2 Soek die volgende punte op die diagram en verbind hulle in volg­orde. Waarvan vorm dit ’n prentjie?

(–4 ; 0) (–4 ; –6) (–3 ; –6) (–3 ; –2) (–2 ; –2)(–2 ; –6) (–1 ; –6) (–1 ; –2) (3 ; –2) (3 ; –6)(5 ; –6) (5 ; 0) (7 ; 0) (7 ; 2) (5½ ; 2)(4½ ; 4) (4 ; 2) (–4 ; 2) (–6 ; 4) (–4 ; 0)

  • René Descartes (uitgespreek dykaar ) is in Frankryk in 1596 gebore, en het aan longontsteking gesterf op ouderdom 54. Gedurende sy leeftyd was daar baie oorloë in Europa, en hy het as soldaat aan baie veld­togte deelgeneem. Hy was nie net ’n wiskundige nie, maar het ook fisika (ver­al optika), sterrekunde, weerkunde en anatomie, sowel as musiek­teorie bestudeer. Hy het sy stelsel, om grafiekpapier te nommer, uitge­dink sodat meetkunde met algebra gekombineer kon word om sekere moeilike pro­bleme op te los waaraan hy toe gewerk het. Dit is waarom die diagram nou ’n Cartes iese vlak genoem word.

Aktiwiteit 3

Om ’n grafiek op die cartesiese vlak te teken vanaf ’n tabel waardes

1 In hierdie tabel is daar ’n verwantskap tussen ’n getal in die boonste ry (invoerwaarde) en die een reg daaronder (uitvoerwaarde). Van die getalle ontbreek in die blokkies a , b en c .

1.1 Bestudeer die eerste sewe kolomme van die tabel totdat jy die patroon kan ontsyfer en skryf dan die reël neer wat sê hoe om die onderste getal vanaf die boonste te bereken. As a , b en c ook volgens dieselfde reël bereken word, vul in die waardes waarvoor hulle staan.

Invoerwaarde 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 12 c
Uitvoerwaarde 17 22 27 32 37 42 47 a b 77

1.2 Nou gebruik ons die pare waardes uit die kolomme om koördinate te maak. Hulle lyk altyd so:

(invoerwaarde ; uitvoerwaarde),

met die invoerwaarde in die eerste plek.

Hier is die eerste twee: ( 1 ; 17 ) en ( 2 ; 22 ). Skryf die res op dieselfde wyse neer, insluitend die laaste drie met jou berekende waardes in plek van a , b en c .

84
80
76
72
68
64
60
56
52
48
44
40
36
32
28
24
20
16
12
8
4
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

1.3 Maak nou ’n kolletjie op hierdie Cartesiese vlak vir elk van jou koördinate uit die tabel.

Jy behoort tien kolletjies in ’n netjiese reguit lyn te hê.

Gebruik ’n liniaal om die lyn te trek.

2 Die volgende tabel toon die kostes van ’n tuinier wat R35 per uur of ’n gedeelte van ’n uur vra.

Ure gewerk 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 4 5 8
Totale bedrag 35 70 70 105 105 140 175 280

2.1 Skryf jou eie verduideliking neer vir die twee R70’e in die tweede ry, asook die twee R105’e.

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Source:  OpenStax, Wiskunde graad 9. OpenStax CNX. Sep 14, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11055/1.1
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