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Sosiale wetenskappe

Aardrykskunde

Graad 8

Kaartwerk

Module 12

Die ligging van ‘n plek

Daar is verskillende maniere om ’n plek se ligging te bepaal:

1. Die indeks van die atlas

Agter in elke atlas is ’n alfabetiese lys van plekname.

Kom ons gebruik Oudtshoorn as ’n voorbeeld: Oudtshoorn RSA 8 - 33º 36’ S, 22º 11’ O.

  • Direk na Oudtshoorn staan die bladsy in die atlas van die kaart waarop Oudtshoorn aangetref sal word.
  • Daarna volg die breedteligging : 33º 36’ S.
  • Gevolg deur die lengteligging : 22º 11’ O.
  • Waar die twee lyne op die kaart kruis sal Oudtshoorn geleë wees.

Voorbeeld:

ONTHOU!

Die breedtelyn word ALTYD EERSTE gegee. Suid-Afrika is mos in die Suidelike Halfrond geleë en daarom word die suider-breedtelyn eerste genoem gevolg deur die ooster-lengtelyn want Suid-Afrika lê ook in die Oostelike Halfrond.

AKTIWITEIT 1

  • Vind die ligging van die volgende plekke deur van die atlas se indeks gebruik te maak:
  1. Noupoort
  2. Port Elizabeth
  3. Johannesburg
  4. Durban
  5. Stellenbosch

[LU 1.2]

2. Die Alfa-numeriese stelsel

’n Kaart word in blokke opgedeel wat almal ewe groot is. Horisontaal word dit numeries (met nommers) gemerk. Vertikaal word dit met letters alfabeties genommer. Die letter en die nommer van ’n blok word dan gebruik om ’n plek se ligging aan te dui.

Voorbeeld:

  • Die man kom in blok A3 voor.

AKTIWITEIT 2

  • Benoem die blokke waar die volgende verskynsels voorkom.

1. ’n Gebou : ..................................................

2. ’n Perd : ..................................................

3. ’n Boom : ..................................................

4. ’n Motor : ..................................................

[LU 1.1]

3. Ruitverwysing / Koördinate

Dit is die metode waardeur ligging op 1:50 000 topografiese kaarte aangedui word.

Elke topografiese kaartvel verteenwoordig ’n gedeelte van ’n graad (º).

’n Graad word weer opgedeel in 60 minute (‘).

Een minuut word weer opgedeel in 60 sekondes (“).

Voorbeeld:

  • Die ligging van A is 33º 31’ S; 22º 12’ O.
  • Die ligging van B is 33º 33’ S; 22º 14’ O.
  • Wat sal die ligging van C en D dan wees?

ONTHOU!

Daar is 60 sekondes (“) tussen twee minuutlyne en dit word nie op ’n topografiese kaart aangedui nie. Hierdie 60” moet geskat word (30” lê byvoorbeeld min of meer in die middel).

Die ligging van C is 33º 34’ 10” S; 22º 11’ 25” O.

Die ligging van D is 33º 33’ 30” S; 22º 15’ 50” O.

ONTHOU!

Op 1:50 000 topografiese kaarte is alle breedtelyne SUIDER-breedtelyne en vergroot suidwaarts. Alle lengtelyne is OOSTER-lengtelyne en vergroot ooswaarts. BREEDTELYNE word ALTYD EERSTE genoem.

Assessering

Leeruitkomstes(LUs)
LU 1
Aardrykskundige OndersoekDie leerder is in staat om ondersoekvaardighede te gebruik om aardrykskundige en omgewingsbegrippe en -prosesse te ondersoek.
Assesseringstandaarde(ASe)
Dit is duidelik wanneer die leerder:
1.1 ‘n verskeidenheid geografiese en omgewingsbronne identifiseer en selekteer wat relevant tot die navorsing is;1.2 inligting vanaf kaarte en atlasse, asook grafiese en statistiese bronne, interpreteer;1.3 afstandberekening doen op kaarte en dit vergelyk met werklike afstand;1.4 fisiese en mensgemaakte eienskappe op lugfoto’s en kaarte identifiseer.

Memorandum

AKTIWITEIT1:

  1. B2.
  2. C4.
  3. D2.
  4. E5.

AKTIWITEIT2:

  1. Alice.
  2. NO.
  3. 52° - laat speling toe.
  4. NO.
  5. 282° - laat speling toe.
  6. Noord.

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Source:  OpenStax, Aardrykskunde graad 8. OpenStax CNX. Sep 11, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11035/1.1
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