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Earlier modules have touched briefly on the topic of operators. This module discusses Java operators in depth.

Revised: Mon Mar 28 13:56:51 CDT 2016

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Table of contents

Preface

Earlier modules have touched briefly on the topic of operators . This module discusses Java operators in depth.

Viewing tip

I recommend that you open another copy of this module in a separate browser window and use the following links to easily find and view the listings while you are reading about them.

Listings

  • Listing 1 . Illustration of prefix and postfix notation.
  • Listing 2 . Illustration of relational operators.

Introduction

The first step in learning to use a new programming language is usually to learn the foundation concepts such as

  • variables,
  • operators,
  • types,
  • expressions,
  • flow-of-control, etc.

This module concentrates on the operators used in Java.

Operators

Unary and binary operators

Java provides a set of operators that can be used to perform an action on one, two, or three operands. An operator that operates on one operand is called a unary operator. An operator that operates on two operands is called a binary operator. An operator that operates on three operands is called a ternary operator.

Some operators can behave either as a unary or as a binary operator. The best known such operator is probably the minus sign (-) . As a binary operator, the minus sign causes its right operand to be subtracted from its left operand. As a unaryoperator, the minus sign causes the algebraic sign of the right operand to be changed.

A ternary operator

Java has only one operator that takes three operands. It is a conditional operator, which I sometimes refer to as a cheap if statement.

The first operand is a boolean expression, which is followed by a questionmark character (?) . The question mark is followed by a second operand, which is followed by a colon character (:) . The colon character is followed by the third operand.

If the boolean expression evaluates to true, the value of the operand following the ? is returned. Otherwise, the value of the operand following the : is returned.

An example of the syntax follows:

Ternary operator syntax

boolean expression ? value1 : value2

Overloaded operators

Unlike C++, Java does not support the creation of overloaded operators in program code. (If you don't know what this means, don't worry about it.)

Operators from previous programs

The statements in the following note box illustrate the use of the following operators from Java programs in earlier modules :

  • =
  • !=
  • +
  • (char)
Operators from previous programs int ch1, ch2 = '0'; while( (ch1 = System.in.read() ) != '#') ch2 = ch1;System.out.println("The char before the # was " + (char)ch2);

The plus and cast operators

Of particular interest in this list is the plus sign (+) and the cast operator (char) .

Questions & Answers

what is microbiologist
Muhammad Reply
what is errata
Muhammad
is the branch of biology that deals with the study of microorganisms.
Ntefuni Reply
What is microbiology
Mercy Reply
studies of microbes
Louisiaste
when we takee the specimen which lumbar,spin,
Ziyad Reply
How bacteria create energy to survive?
Muhamad Reply
Bacteria doesn't produce energy they are dependent upon their substrate in case of lack of nutrients they are able to make spores which helps them to sustain in harsh environments
_Adnan
But not all bacteria make spores, l mean Eukaryotic cells have Mitochondria which acts as powerhouse for them, since bacteria don't have it, what is the substitution for it?
Muhamad
they make spores
Louisiaste
what is sporadic nd endemic, epidemic
Aminu Reply
the significance of food webs for disease transmission
Abreham
food webs brings about an infection as an individual depends on number of diseased foods or carriers dully.
Mark
explain assimilatory nitrate reduction
Esinniobiwa Reply
Assimilatory nitrate reduction is a process that occurs in some microorganisms, such as bacteria and archaea, in which nitrate (NO3-) is reduced to nitrite (NO2-), and then further reduced to ammonia (NH3).
Elkana
This process is called assimilatory nitrate reduction because the nitrogen that is produced is incorporated in the cells of microorganisms where it can be used in the synthesis of amino acids and other nitrogen products
Elkana
Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu Reply
Give Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu
advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal Reply
Prevent foreign microbes to the host
Abubakar
they provide healthier benefits to their hosts
ayesha
They are friends to host only when Host immune system is strong and become enemies when the host immune system is weakened . very bad relationship!
Mark
what is cell
faisal Reply
cell is the smallest unit of life
Fauziya
cell is the smallest unit of life
Akanni
ok
Innocent
cell is the structural and functional unit of life
Hasan
is the fundamental units of Life
Musa
what are emergency diseases
Micheal Reply
There are nothing like emergency disease but there are some common medical emergency which can occur simultaneously like Bleeding,heart attack,Breathing difficulties,severe pain heart stock.Hope you will get my point .Have a nice day ❣️
_Adnan
define infection ,prevention and control
Innocent
I think infection prevention and control is the avoidance of all things we do that gives out break of infections and promotion of health practices that promote life
Lubega
Heyy Lubega hussein where are u from?
_Adnan
en français
Adama
which site have a normal flora
ESTHER Reply
Many sites of the body have it Skin Nasal cavity Oral cavity Gastro intestinal tract
Safaa
skin
Asiina
skin,Oral,Nasal,GIt
Sadik
How can Commensal can Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
How can Commensal Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
all
Tesfaye
by fussion
Asiina
what are the advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal
what are the ways of control and prevention of nosocomial infection in the hospital
Micheal
what is inflammation
Shelly Reply
part of a tissue or an organ being wounded or bruised.
Wilfred
what term is used to name and classify microorganisms?
Micheal Reply
Binomial nomenclature
adeolu
what's microbiome?
john Reply
Microbiology is the scientific study of microorganisms
Ibra
the microorganisms in a particular environment (including the body or a part of the body).
Ibra
describe the bacterial cell
Akello
The biggest populations of microbes reside in the gut.other popular habitats include the skin genitals.The microbial cells and their genetic material ,the microbiome ,live with human from birth .
Zahreen
can agriculture be integrated into biology
David
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Source:  OpenStax, Object-oriented programming (oop) with java. OpenStax CNX. Jun 29, 2016 Download for free at https://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11441/1.201
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