# 0.8 Presentation scripting elements

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Scripting requires changing baseline of scripting character(s).

Mathematical notation requires scripting around a base entity. The MathML provides scripting capability through scripting elements : msub, msup and msubsup. Scripting in MathML is not limited only to putting a subscript or superscript around an expression, but vertically integrated upper and lower scripts, which are handy to display limits on integrals and to meet such other requirements of rendering structured display.

Rendering of script is done by manipulating certain attributes that elements acquire from the environment such as “xml” or “html” document.

## "msub" and "msup" layout scripting elements

$\begin{array}{l}{\text{Specific attributes : }}\left(\mathrm{superscriptshift, superscriptshift}\right)\end{array}$

## Attribute value types

• superscriptshift, superscriptshift (default : automatic) : number v-unit

Each of these scripting elements takes two arguments base and subscript, which may be valid MathML expressions. Syntax of the two elements are as given here :

<msub> base subscript </msub> <msup> base superscript </msup>

Each of these scripting elements takes two arguments base and subscript, which may be valid MathML expressions. Implementation of “msub” element shifts the baseline of the script, while retaining that of the base. In the case of “msup” element, the baseline shifts the script up. In both cases, display style of the scripts are also changed

The amount of shifting can be specified by giving numerical values to “subscriptshift” and “superscriptshift” attributes preferably in "ex" unit. The example here demonstrates implementation of both “msup” and “msub” elements.

## Subscript and supersubscipt

<m:math display="block"> <m:table> <m:mtr> <m:mtd> <m:msup> <m:mi> m </m:mi> <m:mrow> <m:mn> 1 </m:mn> <m:mo> &InvisibleComma; </m:mo> <m:mn> 2 </m:mn> </m:mrow> </m:msup> </m:mtd> </m:mtr> <m:mtr> <m:mtd> <m:msub subscriptshift="1.5ex"> <m:mi> m </m:mi> <m:mrow> <m:mn> 1 </m:mn> <m:mo> &InvisibleComma; </m:mo> <m:mn> 2 </m:mn> </m:mrow> </m:msub> </m:mtd> </m:mtr> </m:table> </m:math>

Save the file after editing as “test.xml”. The display looks like :

$\begin{array}{c}{m}^{12}\\ {m}_{12}\end{array}$

Observe that “&InvisibleComma;” entity reference impart the meaning that scripts is read one two and not as one multiplied by 2.

## "msubsup" layout scripting element

$\begin{array}{l}{\text{Specific attributes : }}\left(\mathrm{subscriptshift},\mathrm{superscriptshift}\right)\end{array}$

## Attribute value types

• subscriptshift (default : automatic) : number v-unit
• superscriptshift (default : automatic) : number v-unit

The element takes three arguments. First argument of the element is base; second argument is subscript; and third argument is superscript. The syntax of the element is :

<msubsup> base subscript superscript </msubsup>

Scripting “msubsup” element affects simultaneous implementation of a subscript and superscript, which are vertically aligned. This is an extremely useful scripting element as this element can be used to display limit values on variety of expression, including an integral sign.

Is there any normative that regulates the use of silver nanoparticles?
what king of growth are you checking .?
Renato
What fields keep nano created devices from performing or assimulating ? Magnetic fields ? Are do they assimilate ?
why we need to study biomolecules, molecular biology in nanotechnology?
?
Kyle
yes I'm doing my masters in nanotechnology, we are being studying all these domains as well..
why?
what school?
Kyle
biomolecules are e building blocks of every organics and inorganic materials.
Joe
anyone know any internet site where one can find nanotechnology papers?
research.net
kanaga
sciencedirect big data base
Ernesto
Introduction about quantum dots in nanotechnology
what does nano mean?
nano basically means 10^(-9). nanometer is a unit to measure length.
Bharti
do you think it's worthwhile in the long term to study the effects and possibilities of nanotechnology on viral treatment?
absolutely yes
Daniel
how to know photocatalytic properties of tio2 nanoparticles...what to do now
it is a goid question and i want to know the answer as well
Maciej
Abigail
for teaching engĺish at school how nano technology help us
Anassong
Do somebody tell me a best nano engineering book for beginners?
there is no specific books for beginners but there is book called principle of nanotechnology
NANO
what is fullerene does it is used to make bukky balls
are you nano engineer ?
s.
fullerene is a bucky ball aka Carbon 60 molecule. It was name by the architect Fuller. He design the geodesic dome. it resembles a soccer ball.
Tarell
what is the actual application of fullerenes nowadays?
Damian
That is a great question Damian. best way to answer that question is to Google it. there are hundreds of applications for buck minister fullerenes, from medical to aerospace. you can also find plenty of research papers that will give you great detail on the potential applications of fullerenes.
Tarell
what is the Synthesis, properties,and applications of carbon nano chemistry
Mostly, they use nano carbon for electronics and for materials to be strengthened.
Virgil
is Bucky paper clear?
CYNTHIA
carbon nanotubes has various application in fuel cells membrane, current research on cancer drug,and in electronics MEMS and NEMS etc
NANO
so some one know about replacing silicon atom with phosphorous in semiconductors device?
Yeah, it is a pain to say the least. You basically have to heat the substarte up to around 1000 degrees celcius then pass phosphene gas over top of it, which is explosive and toxic by the way, under very low pressure.
Harper
Do you know which machine is used to that process?
s.
how to fabricate graphene ink ?
for screen printed electrodes ?
SUYASH
What is lattice structure?
of graphene you mean?
Ebrahim
or in general
Ebrahim
in general
s.
Graphene has a hexagonal structure
tahir
On having this app for quite a bit time, Haven't realised there's a chat room in it.
Cied
what is biological synthesis of nanoparticles
how did you get the value of 2000N.What calculations are needed to arrive at it
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