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- Biochemistry exercises
- Biochemistry exercises
- Proteins, amino acids, nucleic
| 9. Which of the following codon is
LEAST LIKELY to terminate protein synthesis? |
| A. |
UAG |
| B. |
UAA |
| C. |
AUG |
| D. |
UGA |
| 10. Which of the following structures
MOST LIKELY makes the 3' end of a newly synthesized mRNA molecule? |
| A. |
5' cap |
| B. |
Pol (A) tail |
| C. |
Codons for amino acids |
| D. |
Start codon |
| E. |
Stop codon |
| 11. Which of the following statements is
LEAST LIKELY to be correct about metabolism in the mitochondria? |
| A. |
In the mitochondria, cellular respiration involves oxidation of fuels. |
| B. |
The goal of metabolism is to generate energy in the form of ATP. |
| C. |
ATP is use as energy to sustain cellular respiration in the mitochondria as well as other metabolic pathways. |
| D. |
Cellular respiration does not consumed oxygen in order to generate ATP. |
| E. |
Three pathways, the tricarboxylic acid, electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation, work together to generate ATP and heat. |
| 12. Which of the following components in the electron transport chain
MOST LIKELY shares the same enzyme with the tricarboxylic acid pathway? |
| A. |
Complex I: NADH dehydrogenase |
| B. |
Complex II: Succinate dehydrogenase |
| C. |
Cytochrome c |
| D. |
Complex III: cytochromes b-c1 |
| E. |
Complex IV: cytochrome c oxidase |
| 11. Which of the following statements is
LESS ACCURATE about the electron transport chain? |
| A. |
Pathway responds very rapidly based on the body's needs and demands for energy (ATP). |
| B. |
Pathway uses an electrochemical gradient of protons to provide the energy necessary for ATP synthesis, transport of ions across the mitochondrial membrane and heat. |
| C. |
This pathway is reversible and electron transfer is not linked to proton pumping into the intermembrane space. |
| D. |
Pathway consists of a series of oxidation-reductions reactions carried out by a series of electron carrier complexes inside the inner membrane of the mitochondria. |
| E. |
The electrons carriers pass electrons to other complexes sequentially while pumping protons into the intermembrane space. |
| 14. Which of the following pairs of enzymes are
MOST LIKELY to cause accumulation of acids in the blood as a result of thiamine deficiency? |
| A. |
Malate dehydrogenase and citrate synthase |
| B. |
Succinate dehydrogenase and fumarase |
| C. |
Pyruvate dehydrogenase and alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase |
| D. |
SuccinylCoA synthase and citrate synthase |
| E. |
Isocitrate dehydrogenase and aconitase |
| 15. Which of the following classes of molecules is
LESS LIKELY to feed into the tricarboxylic acid pathway to be oxidized as fuel? |
| A. |
Amino acids |
| B. |
Carbohydrates |
| C. |
Fatty Acids |
| D. |
Enzymes |
| E. |
Alcohols like ethanol |
| 16. Which of the following chemicals is
LESS LIKELY to cause damage to the central nervous system or cancer by inhibiting alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase in the tricarboxylic acid pathway? |
| A. |
Mercury |
| B. |
Arsenate (AsO4-3) |
| C. |
Arsenite (AsO3-3) |
| D. |
NADH |
| 17. Which of the following statements is
LEAST ACCURATE about oxidative phosphorylation? |
| A. |
One full turn of the c subunits of the F0 pore releases a total of twelve protons into the mitochondrial matrix. |
| B. |
Energy from the electrochemical gradient of the electron transport chain and rotation of the asymmetric shaft of the F0 pore alters the shape of binding sites of the F1 headpiece. |
| C. |
One full term of the binding sites in the F
1 headpiece releases twelve ATP molecules. |
| D. |
The three binding sites in the F1 headpiece facilitates: binding of ADP + Pi, as well as synthesis and release of ATP. |
| E. |
The body increased needs for energy during strenuous exercise ties together oxidative phosphorylation to the electron transport chain and the tricarboxylic acid pathways. |
|
18. In the picture below:
 Which of the following DNA mutations is
MOST LIKELY the cause of these changes in the chromosomes? |
|
A. |
Duplications |
|
B. |
Deletions |
|
C. |
Silent |
|
D. |
Missense |
|
E. |
Nonsense |
| 19. Which of the following metabolic pathways are
LESS LIKELY to use an intermediate molecule directly from the tricarboxylic acid pathway for their other own metabolism? |
| A. |
Amino acids synthesis, nucleotide synthesis and gluconeogenesis |
| B. |
Glycolysis, glycogen synthesis and pentose phosphate pathway |
| C. |
Fatty acids, steroids and neurotransmitter synthesis |
| D. |
Electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation |
| E. |
Porphyrin and heme synthesis |
20. In this picture below, abnormal red blood cells are microcytic and hypochromic.
 This picture shows the result of a disorder affecting the heme synthesis and the Fe-S centers of the proteins in the electron transport chain. Which of the following disorders is
MOST LIKELY to cause this appearance on a peripheral blood smear? |
| A. |
Hypoxia |
| B. |
Cyanide poisoning |
| C. |
Malaria |
| D. |
Iron deficiency |
| E. |
Hemolytic disease of the newborn |
Source:
OpenStax, Biochemistry exercises. OpenStax CNX. Apr 06, 2016 Download for free at https://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11386/1.4
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