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| 11. A 9 month old male suffers from abdominal pain and bloating with frequent diarrhea after being fed solid foods. A stool acidity test is ordered. Which of the following carbohydrate disorders uses a stool acidity test as a diagnostic tool for infants? |
| A. |
Fructose Intolerance |
| B. |
Fructose Malabsorption |
| C. |
Fructosuria |
| D. |
Classical Galactosemia |
| E. |
Non-classical Galactosemia |
| 12. A patient's test results show hypoglycemia, liver failure, hyperuricemia, prolonged coagulation times and a positive urine test for fructose. Which of the following carbohydrate disorders is consistent with these lab results? |
| A. |
Fructosuria |
| B. |
Galactokinase Deficiency |
| C. |
Classical Galactosemia |
| D. |
Fructose Intolerance |
| E. |
Fructose Malabsorption |
| 13. Which of the following defective enzymes impairs carbohydrate metabolism by forming phosphorylated intermediates that can cause mental retardation or severe liver damage if left untreated? |
| A. |
Lactalbumin and glycosyltransferases |
| B. |
Fructokinase and aldose reductase |
| C. |
Galactosyltransferase and phosphoglutamase |
| D. |
Galactokinase and aldolase B |
| E. |
Galactose 1-phosphate uridyltransferase and 4-epimerase |
| 14. What is the metabolic function of the two subunits of lactose synthase? |
| A. |
Lactalbumin synthesizes prolactin and galactosyltransferase synthesizes cortisol. |
| B. |
Lactalbumin synthesizes lactoglobulin and glycosyltransferase synthesizes casein. |
| C. |
Lactalbumin increases the catalytic rate of galactosyltransferase and galactosyltransferase synthesizes lactose. |
| D. |
Lactalbumin synthesizes colostrum and galactosyltransferase synthesizes mature milk. |
| E. |
Lactalbumin converts glucose to galactose and galactosyltransferase degrades galactose. |
| 15. Which of the following enzymes is responsible for the rapid drug clearance of barbiturates? |
| A. |
Debranching enzyme |
| B. |
Glycogen synthase |
| C. |
Aldose reductase |
| D. |
Lactose synthase |
| E. |
UDP-glucuronyltransferase |
| 16. Which of the following hormones exerts its effects on glycogen synthesis? |
| A. |
Insulin |
| B. |
Glucagon |
| C. |
Epinephrine |
| D. |
Cortisol |
| E. |
Secretin |
| 17. A patient suffers from cramps and fatigue every time he exercises. He is diagnosed with McArdle's disease. Which of the following defective enzymes prevents the breakdown of glycogen on this patient? |
| A. |
Debranching enzyme |
| B. |
Glycogen phosphorylase |
| C. |
Glycogen synthase |
| D. |
Branching enzyme |
| E. |
Glucose-6-phosphatase |
| 18. Which of the following hormones facilitates the breakdown of glycogen in muscle? |
| A. |
Insulin |
| B. |
Glucagon |
| C. |
Cortisol |
| D. |
Epinephrine |
| E. |
Norepinephrine |
| 19. Which of the following statements directly explains the effects of hormones in the liver during fasting? |
| A. |
Cortisol stimulates insulin secretion in order to suppress the translocation of GLUT4. |
| B. |
Epinephrine binding to both alpha and beta receptors activates glycogen phosphorylase. |
| C. |
Epinephrine binding to beta receptors stimulates both glycogen and protein synthesis. |
| D. |
Epinephrine binding to alpha receptors helps inactivates glycogen [hosphorylase. |
| E. |
Glucagon stimulates glycogenolysis via inositol-phospholipid signaling pathway. |
| 20. Which of the following is a normal compensatory mechanism that helps increase the neuronal uptake of glucose n cases of Alzheimer disease? |
| A. |
Arrangement of neurofibrillary tangles in helices and filaments |
| B. |
Increased phosphorylation of
tau |
| C. |
Decreased glycosylation reactions of proteins |
| D. |
Increased GLUT2 transporters in astrocytes |
| E. |
Decreased GLUT1 and GLUT3 transporters |
Source:
OpenStax, Biochemistry exercises. OpenStax CNX. Apr 06, 2016 Download for free at https://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11386/1.4
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