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Ch 02: External Features of the Brain
Author:
M.D.Stephen VoronLecturer
University of Utah
USA
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1.1 An introduction to the human body Read Online
1.2 The chemical level of organization Read Online
After studying this chapter, you will be able to:
Though you may approach a course in anatomy and physiology strictly as a requirement for your field of study, the knowledge you gain in this course will serve you well in many aspects of your life. An understanding of anatomy and physiology is not only fundamental to any career in the health professions, but it can also benefit your own health. Familiarity with the human body can help you make healthful choices and prompt you to take appropriate action when signs of illness arise. Your knowledge in this field will help you understand news about nutrition, medications, medical devices, and procedures and help you understand genetic or infectious diseases. At some point, everyone will have a problem with some aspect of his or her body and your knowledge can help you to be a better parent, spouse, partner, friend, colleague, or caregiver.
This chapter begins with an overview of anatomy and physiology and a preview of the body regions and functions. It then covers the characteristics of life and how the body works to maintain stable conditions. It introduces a set of standard terms for body structures and for planes and positions in the body that will serve as a foundation for more comprehensive information covered later in the text. It ends with examples of medical imaging used to see inside the living body.
Download MCQ Quiz PDF eBook
Question: What vessel supplies this gyrus?
Choices:
Anterior cerebral artery.
Middle cerebral artery.
Posterior cerebral artery.
Question: What vessel supplies the primary auditory cortex (arrow)?
Choices:
Anterior cerebral artery.
Middle cerebral artery.
Posterior cerebral artery.
Question: A general principle of cortical organization is that sensory information and motor control for each half of the body are on the opposite side of the brain. Occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery, as occurred here, will likely result in:
Choices:
Decreased sensation on the left arm and hand.
Decreased motor control of the left arm and hand.
Decreased speech comprehension (receptive aphasia).
A and B.
A, B and C.
Question: Sudden occlusion of which artery, near its origin, will produce the most devastating effects?
Choices:
The anterior cerebral artery.
The middle cerebral artery of the dominant hemisphere.
The middle cerebral artery of the nondominant hemisphere.
The posterior cerebral artery of the dominant hemisphere.
The posterior cerebral artery of the nondominant hemisphere.
Question: What vessel(s) serve(s) areas involved in speech in the majority of people?
Choices:
Right middle cerebral artery.
Left middle cerebral artery.
Right and left middle cerebral arteries.
Right and left posterior cerebral arteries.
Left middle and posterior cerebral arteries.
Question: If the cerebral artery (indicated by arrows) were occluded, the result would be:
Choices:
Loss of speech comprehension (receptive aphasia).
Difficulty in speech production (motor aphasia).
Partial loss of vision.
Loss of motor control for the upper body.
Question: Branches of what vessel vascularize this area of cortex?
Choices:
Anterior cerebral artery.
Middle cerebral artery.
Posterior cerebral artery.
Question: Ramón y Cajal asks: "What vessel(s) serve(s) the primary somatosensory cortex?"
Choices:
Anterior cerebral artery.
Middle cerebral artery.
Both.
Neither.
Question: Unilateral Cerebral strokes can cause deficits in motor control, somatic sensation and vision. However, they do not cause deficits in hearing. The explanation for this is:
Choices:
Auditory information does not reach the cortex
Auditory information only goes to one hemisphere.
Auditory information goes to both hemispheres
Question: What vessel(s) serve(s) the primary motor cortex?
Choices:
Anterior cerebral artery.
Middle cerebral artery.
Both.
Neither.
Question: Obstruction of the cerebral aqueduct would result in dilation of which of the following?
Choices:
Lateral ventricles
Third ventricle
Fourth ventricle
A and B
A, B, and C
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