U.s. history

OpenStax

@

0.1 About openstax

0.2 About openstax’s resources

0.3 Customization

0.5 About U.S. History

0.6 Coverage and scope

0.7 Pedagogical foundation

0.8 Questions for each level of learning

0.9 About our team

0.10 Senior contributing authors

0.12 Ancillaries

1 The declaration of independence

2 The constitution of the united states

3 Presidents of the united states of america

4 U.s. political map

5 U.s. topographical map

6 United states population chart

7 Further reading

7.1 The pre-columbian world and early globalization

7.2 The colonial americas

7.3 Reform, protest, and revolution

7.4 The early republic

7.5 Industrialization and transformation

7.6 Jacksonian democracy

7.7 The antebellum south

7.8 Reform and abolition

7.9 Civil war and reconstruction

7.10 Westward expansion

7.11 From the gilded age to the progressive era

7.12 Imperial expansion and the first world war

7.13 The roaring twenties

7.14 The great depression and the new deal

7.15 World war, cold war, and american prosperity

7.16 From camelot to culture wars

7.17 Twenty-first-century problems

The americas, europe, and africa before 1492

1.1 The first americans: the olmec

1.5 North american indians

1.6 Indians of the eastern woodland

1.7 Section summary

2 Europe on the brink of change

2.1 Life in feudal europe

2.2 The church and society

2.3 Christianity encounters islam

2.4 Jerusalem and the crusades

2.5 The iberian peninsula

2.6 Section summary

3 West africa and the role of slavery

Early globalization: the atlantic world, 1492–1650

1 Portuguese exploration and spanish conquest

2 Religious upheavals in the developing atlantic world

2.1 Martin luther

2.2 John calvin

2.3 Protestantism in england

2.4 Religious war

2.5 Section summary

3 Challenges to spain’s supremacy

3.1 English exploration

3.2 French exploration

3.3 Dutch colonization

3.4 Section summary

4 New worlds in the americas: labor, commerce, and the columbian exchange

4.1 Labor systems

4.2 Commerce in the new world

4.3 The columbian exchange

4.4 Section summary

Creating new social orders: colonial societies, 1500–1700

1 Spanish exploration and colonial society

2 Colonial rivalries: dutch and french colonial ambitions

3 English settlements in america

4 The impact of colonization

4.1 The institution of slavery

4.2 Changes to indian life

4.3 Environmental changes

4.4 The introduction of disease

4.5 The cultivation of plants

4.6 Section summary

Rule britannia! the english empire, 1660–1763

1 Charles ii and the restoration colonies

1.2 The carolinas

1.3 New york and new jersey

1.4 Pennsylvania

1.6 Section summary

2 The glorious revolution and the english empire

3 An empire of slavery and the consumer revolution

3.1 Slavery and the stono rebellion

3.2 The new york conspiracy trials of 1741

3.3 Colonial gentry and the consumer revolution

3.4 Section summary

4 Great awakening and enlightenment

4.1 The first great awakening

4.2 The enlightenment

4.3 The founding of georgia

4.4 Section summary

5 Wars for empire

Imperial reforms and colonial protests, 1763-1774

1 Confronting the national debt: the aftermath of the french and indian

1.1 Problems on the american frontier

1.2 The british national debt

1.3 Imperial reforms

1.4 Section summary

2 The stamp act and the sons and daughters of liberty

3 The townshend acts and colonial protest

3.1 The townshend acts

3.2 Reactions: the non-importation movement

3.3 Trouble in boston

3.4 Partial repeal

3.5 Section summary

4 The destruction of the tea and the coercive acts

5 Disaffection: the first continental congress and american identity

America's war for independence, 1775-1783

1 Britain’s law-and-order strategy and its consequences

1.1 On the eve of revolution

1.2 The outbreak of fighting

1.3 Common sense

1.4 The declaration of independence

1.5 Section summary

2 The early years of the revolution

3 War in the south

3.1 Georgia and south carolina

3.3 The treaty of paris

3.4 Section summary

4 Identity during the american revolution

Creating republican governments, 1776–1790

1 Common sense: from monarchy to an american republic

1.1 Republicanism as a political philosophy

1.3 Section summary

2 How much revolutionary change?

2.1 The status of women

2.2 The meaning of race

2.6 Religion and the state

2.7 Section summary

3 Debating democracy

3.1 The state constitutions

3.2 The articles of confederation

3.3 Shays’ rebellion

3.4 Section summary

4 The constitutional convention and federal constitution

Growing pains: the new republic, 1790–1820

1 Competing visions: federalists and democratic-republicans

1.1 Federalists in power

1.2 The bill of rights

1.3 Alexander hamilton’s program

1.4 The report on public credit

1.5 The report on a national bank

1.6 The report on manufactures

1.7 The democratic-republican party and the first party system

1.8 Defining citizenship

1.9 Section summary

2 The new american republic

2.1 The french revolution

2.2 The citizen genêt affair and jay’s treaty

2.3 The french revolution’s caribbean legacy

2.4 The whiskey rebellion

2.5 Washington’s indian policy

2.6 Section summary

3 Partisan politics

3.1 The presidency of john adams

3.2 The alien and sedition acts

3.3 The revolution of 1800 and the presidency of thomas jefferson

3.4 Partisan acrimony

3.5 The louisiana purchase

3.6 Section summary

4 The united states goes back to war

4.1 The embargo of 1807

4.2 Tecumseh and the western confederacy

4.3 The war of 1812

4.4 Epilogue: the battle of new orleans

4.5 Section summary

Industrial transformation in the north, 1800–1850

1 Early industrialization in the northeast

1.1 From artisans to wage workers

1.2 The rise of manufacturing

1.3 The rise of consumerism

1.4 The work experience transformed

1.5 Workers and the labor movement

1.6 Section summary

2 A vibrant capitalist republic

2.1 The land office business

2.2 The panic of 1819

2.3 Entrepreneurs and inventors

2.4 Section summary

3 On the move: the transportation revolution

4 A new social order: class divisions

4.1 The economic elite

4.2 The middle class

4.3 The working class

4.4 Section summary

Jacksonian democracy, 1820–1840

1 A new political style: from john quincy adams to andrew jackson

2 The rise of american democracy

2.1 The campaign and election of 1828

2.2 Scandal in the presidency

2.3 Section summary

3 The nullification crisis and the bank war

3.1 The nullification crisis

3.2 The bank war

3.4 Section summary

4 Indian removal

4.1 Indians in popular culture

4.2 The indian removal act

4.3 Black hawk’s war

4.4 Section summary

5 The tyranny and triumph of the majority

A nation on the move: westward expansion, 1800–1860

1 Lewis and clark

1.1 Jefferson’s corps of discovery heads west

1.2 Spanish florida and the adams-onís treaty

1.3 Section summary

2 The missouri crisis

3 Independence for texas

4 The mexican-american war, 1846–1848

5 Free soil or slave? the dilemma of the west

5.1 The liberty party, the wilmot proviso, and the antislavery movement

5.2 The free-soil party and the election of 1848

5.3 The compromise of 1850

5.4 Section summary

Cotton is king: the antebellum south, 1800–1860

1 The economics of cotton

1.1 King cotton

1.2 The domestic slave trade

1.3 The south in the american and world markets

1.4 Section summary

2 African americans in the antebellum united states

3 Wealth and culture in the south

4 The filibuster and the quest for new slave states

4.1 Section summary

Antebellum idealism and reform impulses, 1820–1860

1 An awakening of religion and individualism

1.1 The second great awakening

1.2 Transcendentalism

1.3 Section summary

2 Antebellum communal experiments

3 Reforms to human health

3.2 Reforms for the body and the mind

3.3 Section summary

4 Addressing slavery

4.1 “reforms” to slavery

4.2 Abolitionism

4.3 William lloyd garrison and antislavery societies

4.4 Frederick douglass

4.5 Section summary

5 Women’s rights

5.1 The grimké sisters

5.2 The declaration of rights and sentiments

5.3 Republican motherhood in the antebellum years

5.4 Section summary

Troubled times: the tumultuous 1850s

1 The compromise of 1850

2 The kansas-nebraska act and the republican party

2.1 The kansas-nebraska act

2.2 Bleeding kansas

2.3 The presidential election of 1856

2.4 Section summary

3 The dred scott decision and sectional strife

4 John brown and the election of 1860

4.2 The election of 1860

4.3 Section summary

The civil war, 1860–1865

1 The origins and outbreak of the civil war

1.1 The causes of the civil war

1.2 The creation of the confederate states of america

1.3 Fort sumter

1.4 Section summary

2 Early mobilization and war

2.1 The first battle of bull run

2.2 Balance sheet: the union and the confederacy

2.3 Military stalemate

2.4 Section summary

3 1863: the changing nature of the war

3.1 Mass mobilization

3.2 Confederate mobilization

3.3 Union mobilization

3.4 Women’s mobilization

3.5 Emancipation

3.6 Union advances

3.7 Section summary

4 The union triumphant

4.1 The relationship with europe

4.2 African american soldiers

4.3 The campaigns of 1864 and 1865

4.4 The election of 1864

4.5 The war ends

4.6 Section summary

The era of reconstruction, 1865–1877

1 Restoring the union

2 Congress and the remaking of the south, 1865–1866

2.1 The freedmen’s bureau

2.2 Black codes

2.3 The fourteenth amendment

2.4 Section summary

3 Radical reconstruction, 1867–1872

3.1 The reconstruction acts

3.2 The impeachment of president johnson

3.3 The fifteenth amendment

3.4 Women’s suffrage

3.5 Black political achievements

3.6 Section summary

4 The collapse of reconstruction

4.1 Building black communities

4.2 Sharecropping

4.3 The “invisible empire of the south”

4.4 “redeemers” and the end of reconstruction

4.5 The contested election of 1876

4.6 Section summary

Go west young man! westward expansion, 1840-1900

1 The westward spirit

1.1 Manifest destiny

1.2 Federal government assistance

1.3 Who were the settlers?

1.4 Section summary

2 Homesteading: dreams and realities

2.1 The difficult life of the pioneer farmer

2.2 An even more challenging life: a pioneer wife

2.3 Section summary

3 Making a living in gold and cattle

3.1 The california gold rush and beyond

3.2 The cattle kingdom

3.3 Violence in the wild west: myth and reality

3.4 Section summary

4 The loss of american indian life and culture

4.1 Claiming land, relocating landowners

4.2 American indian submission

4.3 Americanization

4.4 Section summary

5 The impact of expansion on chinese immigrants and hispanic citizens

Industrialization and the rise of big business, 1870-1900

1 Inventors of the age

1.1 An explosion of inventive energy

1.2 Alexander graham bell and the telephone

1.3 Thomas edison and electric lighting

1.4 Section summary

2 From invention to industrial growth

2.1 Railroads and robber barons

2.2 Giants of wealth: carnegie, rockefeller, and morgan

2.3 Andrew carnegie and The Gospel of Wealth

2.4 John d. rockefeller and business integration models

2.5 J. pierpont morgan

2.6 Section summary

3 Building industrial america on the backs of labor

3.1 Working-class life

3.2 Worker protests and violence

3.3 Worker organization and the struggles of unions

3.4 Models of organizing: the knights of labor and american federation of

3.5 The decline of labor: the homestead and pullman strikes

3.6 Section summary

4 A new american consumer culture

4.1 Section summary

The growing pains of urbanization, 1870-1900

1 Urbanization and its challenges

1.1 The keys to successful urbanization

1.2 Electric lighting

1.3 Communications improvements

1.4 Intracity transportation

1.5 The rise of skyscrapers

1.6 The immediate challenges of urban life

1.7 Section summary

2 The african american “great migration” and new european immigration

2.1 The african american “great migration”

2.2 The changing nature of european immigration

2.3 Section summary

3 Relief from the chaos of urban life

4 Change reflected in thought and writing

Politics in the gilded age, 1870-1900

1 Political corruption in postbellum america

1.1 The gilded age

1.2 The election of 1876 sets the tone

1.3 Section summary

2 The key political issues: patronage, tariffs, and gold

3 Farmers revolt in the populist era

3.1 Farmers begin to organize

3.2 From organization to political party

3.3 Section summary

4 Social and labor unrest in the 1890s

Leading the way: the progressive movement, 1890-1920

1 The origins of the progressive spirit in america

1.1 The muckrakers

1.2 The features of progressivism

1.3 Section summary

2 Progressivism at the grassroots level

2.1 Expanding democracy

2.2 Expertise and efficiency

2.4 Radical progressives

2.5 Section summary

3 New voices for women and african americans

4 Progressivism in the white house

4.1 Busting the trusts

4.2 The square deal

4.3 The taft presidency

4.4 The 1912 presidential election

4.5 Wilson’s new freedom

4.6 The final vestiges of progressivism

4.7 Section summary

Age of empire: american foreign policy, 1890-1914

1 Turner, mahan, and the roots of empire

1.1 America’s limited but aggressive push outward

1.3 Turner, mahan, and the plan for empire

1.4 Section summary

2 The spanish-american war and overseas empire

3 Economic imperialism in east asia

4 Roosevelt’s “big stick” foreign policy

4.1 The construction of the panama canal

4.2 The roosevelt corollary

4.3 American intervention in the russo-japanese war

4.4 Section summary

5 Taft’s “dollar diplomacy”

5.1 Section summary

Americans and the great war, 1914-1919

1 American isolationism and the european origins of war

2 The united states prepares for war

3 A new home front

3.1 New opportunities born from war

3.2 Women in wartime

3.3 African americans in the crusade for democracy

3.4 The last vestiges of progressivism

3.5 Section summary

4 From war to peace

4.1 Winning the war

4.2 The battle for peace

4.3 The paris peace conference

4.4 Ratification of the treaty of versailles

4.5 Section summary

5 Demobilization and its difficult aftermath

The jazz age: redefining the nation, 1919-1929

1 Prosperity and the production of popular entertainment

2 Transformation and backlash

2.2 The ku klux klan

2.3 Faith, fundamentalism, and science

2.4 Section summary

3 A new generation

4 Republican ascendancy: politics in the 1920s

Brother, can you spare a dime? the great depression, 1929-1932

1 The stock market crash of 1929

1.1 The early days of hoover’s presidency

1.2 The great crash

1.3 What was the crash?

1.4 Causes of the crash

1.5 In the aftermath of the crash

1.6 The new reality for americans

1.7 Section summary

2 President hoover’s response

2.1 The initial reaction

2.2 Public reaction to hoover

2.3 Frustration and protest: a bad situation grows worse for hoover

2.4 Section summary

3 The depths of the great depression

3.1 Starving to death

3.2 Black and poor: african americans and the great depression

3.3 Environmental catastrophe meets economic hardship: the dust bowl

3.4 Changing values, changing culture

3.5 Section summary

4 Assessing the hoover years on the eve of the new deal

Franklin roosevelt and the new deal, 1932-1941

1 The rise of franklin roosevelt

1.1 The election of franklin roosevelt

1.2 The interregnum

1.3 Inauguration day: a new beginning

1.4 Section summary

2 The first new deal

2.1 Reform: the banking crisis

2.2 The first hundred days

2.3 Relief: employment for the masses

2.4 Rescuing farms and factories

2.5 Regional planning

2.6 Assessing the first new deal

2.7 Section summary

3 The second new deal

3.1 Challenges from critics on all sides

3.2 Answering the challenge

3.3 The final pieces

3.4 In the final analysis

3.5 African americans under the new deal

3.6 Women and the new deal

3.7 Section summary

Fighting the good fight in world war ii, 1941-1945

1 The origins of war: europe, asia, and the united states

1.2 The march toward war

1.3 Totalitarianism in europe

1.5 From neutrality to engagement

1.6 War begins in europe

1.7 The atlantic charter

1.8 A date which will live in infamy

1.9 Section summary

2 The home front

2.1 Mobilizing a nation

2.2 Employment and migration patterns in the united states

2.3 Women in the war: rosie the riveter and beyond

2.4 The culture of war: entertainers and the war effort

2.6 African americans and double v

2.7 The zoot suit riots

2.9 Section summary

3 Victory in the european theater

4 The pacific theater and the atomic bomb

4.1 The pacific campaign

4.2 Dropping the atomic bomb

4.3 The war ends

4.4 Section summary

Post-war prosperity and cold war fears, 1945-1960

1 The challenges of peacetime

1.1 Demobilization and the return to civilian life

1.2 The gi bill of rights

1.3 The return of the japanese

1.4 The fair deal

1.5 Section summary

3 The american dream

3.1 We like ike

3.2 Suburbanization

3.3 The organization man

3.4 Section summary

4 Popular culture and mass media

5 The african american struggle for civil rights

5.1 Early victories

5.2 Desegregation and integration

5.3 White responses

5.4 The montgomery bus boycott

5.5 Section summary

Contesting futures: america in the 1960s

1 The kennedy promise

1.1 The new frontier

1.2 Kennedy the cold warrior

1.5 Tentative steps toward civil rights

1.6 Tragedy in dallas

1.7 Section summary

2 Lyndon johnson and the great society

3 The civil rights movement marches on

3.1 Change from the bottom up

3.2 Free by ’63 (or ’64 or ’65)

3.3 Black frustration, black power

3.4 The mexican american fight for civil rights

3.5 Section summary

4 Challenging the status quo

4.1 The new left

4.2 Women’s rights

4.3 Section summary

Political storms at home and abroad, 1968-1980

1 Identity politics in a fractured society

1.1 Hippies and the counterculture

1.2 American indian protest

1.4 Maybe not now

1.5 Section summary

2 Coming apart, coming together

2.1 The “new nixon”

2.2 Democrats in disarray

2.3 The domestic nixon

2.4 Nixon the diplomat

2.5 Section summary

3 Vietnam: the downward spiral

4 Watergate: nixon’s domestic nightmare

5 Jimmy carter in the aftermath of the storm

5.1 The election of 1976

5.2 On the inside

5.3 Carter and a new direction in foreign affairs

5.4 Hostages to history

5.5 Section summary

From cold war to culture wars, 1980-2000

1 The reagan revolution

2 Political and cultural fusions

2.1 Creating conservative policy

2.2 Conservative christians and family values

2.3 The aids crisis

2.4 The war on drugs and the road to mass incarceration

2.5 Section summary

3 A new world order

4 Bill clinton and the new economy

The challenges of the twenty-first century

1 The war on terror

2 The domestic mission

2.1 Opening and closing the gap

2.2 The 2004 election and bush’s second term

2.4 A failed domestic agenda

2.5 Hurricane katrina

2.6 The great recession

2.7 Banks gone wild

2.8 Banks gone broke

2.9 Section summary

3 New century, old disputes

3.1 Who is an american?

3.2 What is a marriage?

3.3 Why fight climate change?

3.4 Section summary

4 Hope and change

Source: OpenStax, U.s. history. OpenStax CNX. Jan 12, 2015 Download for free at http://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11740/1.3

	12 Biology 12 Mendel's Experiments Heredity MCQ By OpenStax Start Quiz
	1 Week 1 Social Psych By Yacoub Jayoghli Start Quiz
	1 Business Law MCQ 1 By Maureen Miller Start Exam
	Fluid Mechanics MCQ By Stephanie Redfern Start Quiz
	9 Physiotherapy Modalities By Rhodes Start Exam
	English Vocabulary By Jordon Humphreys Start Quiz
	2 SCEA Java Architect By JavaChamp Team Start Exam
	Social Dances 2 By Marion Cabalfin Start Quiz
	Biology 302 Final By Dravida Mahadeo-J... Start Quiz
	Tournament Director Quiz By Eddie Unverzagt Start Quiz