1.1 An introduction to the human body Read Online
1.2 The chemical level of organization Read Online
After studying this chapter, you will be able to:
Though you may approach a course in anatomy and physiology strictly as a requirement for your field of study, the knowledge you gain in this course will serve you well in many aspects of your life. An understanding of anatomy and physiology is not only fundamental to any career in the health professions, but it can also benefit your own health. Familiarity with the human body can help you make healthful choices and prompt you to take appropriate action when signs of illness arise. Your knowledge in this field will help you understand news about nutrition, medications, medical devices, and procedures and help you understand genetic or infectious diseases. At some point, everyone will have a problem with some aspect of his or her body and your knowledge can help you to be a better parent, spouse, partner, friend, colleague, or caregiver.
This chapter begins with an overview of anatomy and physiology and a preview of the body regions and functions. It then covers the characteristics of life and how the body works to maintain stable conditions. It introduces a set of standard terms for body structures and for planes and positions in the body that will serve as a foundation for more comprehensive information covered later in the text. It ends with examples of medical imaging used to see inside the living body.
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Question: The duration of antibiotic therapy , in days, of a bloodstream infection secondary to S. aureus in a patient with removable catheter
Choices:
7
14
30
45
Question: A drug addict complains of fever, pain and redness and swelling of the volar surface of the forearm with lymphangitis of 3 days duration. PE showed inflamed forearm with indistinct borders. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Choices:
Staphylococcal cellulitis
Streptococcal cellulitis
Streptococcal gangrene
Streptococcal pyoderma
Question: TRUE statement regarding combination of clindamycin and penicillin G as treatment of choice for streptococcal toxic shock syndrome
Choices:
Clindamycin half-life is equal to that of penicillin
No antagonistic effects found in the combination
Human mononuclear cells suppress cytokine production
Suppression of exotoxin and M-protein production
Question: Which of the following measures should be checked in the management of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome if hypotension persists after fluid resuscitation?
Choices:
albumin
hematocrit
albumin and hematocrit
pulmonary artery occlusion pressure
Question: TRUE statement regarding S. epidermidis
Choices:
A prominent transient flora of the skin
A frequent cause nosocomial pathogen and is sensitive to multiple antibiotics
Most significant virulence factor is its ability to adhere and form biofilm
Non-virulent and frequently considered a contaminant
Question: A 50 year-old female is suffering from breast cancer with lung metastases. She has a central venous catheter inserted. Two weeks later, she developed fever and chills. Physical examination revealed erythema and tenderness over the catheter site. You suspect CVC-associated bloodstream infection. How should you manage this patient?
Choices:
Administer antibiotic lock therapy
Administer systemic antibiotic for 7-10days
Administer antibiotic therapy for 3-7 days and retain catheter
Remove antibiotic and give antibiotic
Question: Which of the following manifestations differentiates Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome from Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome?
Choices:
characteristic skin rash
coagulopathy
liver and renal involvement
soft tissue necrosis
Question: A 30 year-old male is admitted in the intensive care unit because of high fever and dyspnea. Diagnosis was hospital-acquired pneumonia secondary to MRSA. You started him on Vancomycin, 1gm IV q12hrs. You requested for Vancomycin trough level which showed 20ug/mL. Interpreting the result, what would be your plan?
Choices:
Continue present dose of Vancomycin.
Continue Vancomycin but add Rifampicin.
Will increase dose of Vancomycin to 1gm IV q8hrs
Lower the dose of Vancomycin and request for serum creatinine.
Question: Which of the following staphylococcal species has these factors: coagulase-positive, fibrinogen-protein binding protein A and virulence?
Choices:
S. aureus
S. intermedius
S. sachrolyticus
S. schlefere
Question: Which of the following condition is NOT associated with prolonged therapy with Linezolid?
Choices:
Anemia
Optic neuropathy
Lactic acidosis
Thrombocytopenia
Question: Which of the following clinical findings is a minor criteria for the diagnosis of initial attack of rheumatic fever?
Choices:
arthralgia
erythema marginatum
polyarthritis
subcutaneous nodule
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