# 16.2 Insurance and imperfect information  (Page 2/33)

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If each of the 100 drivers pays a premium of $1,860 each year, the insurance company will collect the$186,000 that is needed to cover the costs of the accidents that occur.

Since insurance companies have such a large number of clients, they are able to negotiate with providers of health care and other services for lower rates than the individual would be able to get, thus increasing the benefit to consumers of becoming insured and saving the insurance company itself money when it pays out claims.

Insurance companies receive income, as shown in [link] , from insurance premiums and investment income. Investment income is derived from investing the funds that insurance companies received in the past but did not pay out as insurance claims in prior years. The insurance company receives a rate of return from investing these funds or reserves. The investments are typically made in fairly safe, liquid (easy to convert into cash) investments, as the insurance companies needs to be able to readily access these funds when a major disaster strikes.

## Government and social insurance

Federal and state governments run a number of insurance programs. Some of the programs look much like private insurance , in the sense that the members of a group makes steady payments into a fund, and those in the group who suffer an adverse experience receive payments. Other programs protect against risk, but without an explicit fund being set up. Following are some examples.

• Unemployment insurance : Employers in every state pay a small amount for unemployment insurance, which goes into a fund that is used to pay benefits to workers for a period of time, usually six months, after they lose their jobs.
• Pension insurance : Employers that offer pensions to their retired employees are required by law to pay a small fraction of what they are setting aside for pensions to the Pension Benefit Guarantee Corporation, which is used to pay at least some pension benefits to workers if a company goes bankrupt and cannot pay the pensions it has promised.
• Deposit insurance : Banks are required by law to pay a small fraction of their deposits to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, which goes into a fund that is used to pay depositors the value of their bank deposits up to $250,000 (the amount was raised from$100,000 to \$250,000 in 2008) if the bank should go bankrupt.
• Workman’s compensation insurance : Employers are required by law to pay a small percentage of the salaries that they pay into funds, typically run at the state level, that are used to pay benefits to workers who suffer an injury on the job.
• Retirement insurance : All workers pay a percentage of their income into Social Security and into Medicare, which then provides income and health care benefits to the elderly. Social Security and Medicare are not literally “insurance” in the sense that those currently contributing to the fund are not eligible for benefits. They function like insurance, however, in the sense that regular payments are made into the programs today in exchange for benefits to be received in the case of a later event—either becoming old or becoming sick when old. Such programs are sometimes called “social insurance.”

TU=3Q2-2Q+4.what is Total utlity maximize?
what is demand
Total utlity=3Q2-2Q+4.what is maximum TU?
Lema
Where can i find the Quizzes
what is ppf?
production possibility frontier
Alam
the production possibility frontier (PPF) is a curve that illustrates the variations in the amounts that can be produced of two products if both depend upon the same finite resource for their manufacture
Alam
thank you!
Ishimwe
it is the production possibility frontier
Brenda
In perfect competition, some firms make profit, others breakeven and others make losses. Explain
define law of demand and draw demand curve
state that the higher the price of a product the lower the quantity demanded
nonduduzo
what is the price elasticity of demand a unit free measure of the sensitivity of the quantity demand to a price change?
what is normative economics
In normative economics we try to understand whether a mechanism is desirable or not.
not
Mark
consider the market for chocolate chip cookies .suppose there is an increase in the price of cake flour used in the production of chocolate chip cookies . Demonstrate graphically and explain the effects this will have on the equilibrium price and quantity of chocolate chip cookies.
what is price demand?
what is the price demand ?
Alamin
what is cardinal approach?
Alamin
importance of elasticity to an economy
what is elasticity
elasticity refers to the measurement of a percentage change of one economic variable in response to a change in another. Primarily, this percentage change will follow a change in price relative to changes in other factors.
Abdullahi
When desire of goods increases what is the respond of its prices?
Then definitely price of Good will increase, As Demand has direct relation with the price
Alam
Right
abubakar
Qd=200 and Qs=5+2p . find the equilibrium price and quantity
what is mean by 2 p
Alam
as Q is Quantity d for demand and S for supply and what is p stand for
Alam
at equilibrium quantity demand is equal to quantity supply therefore Qd=Q's 200-p=5+2p 200-5=2p+p 195=3p p = 65 thus equilibrium price is equal to 65 and equilibrium quantity is equal to 195
Wani
2 p means price of product is 2
Wani
what is de law of demand
All other things been equal, the law of states that the higher the price of a commodity the higher the quantity demanded. Vice versa
Nancy
the law of demand state that as the price of the goods increase the quantity demand decrease. considering all other factor to be constant.
Zaiveisho
the higher the price,the lesser the demand
Brenda