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The population in Park City is made up of children, working-age adults, and retirees. [link] shows the three age groups, the number of people in the town from each age group, and the proportion (%) of people in each age group. Construct a bar graph showing the proportions.

Age groups Number of people Proportion of population
Children 67,059 19%
Working-age adults 152,198 43%
Retirees 131,662 38%
This is a bar graph that matches the supplied data. The x-axis shows age groups, and the y-axis shows the percentages of Park City's population.
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The columns in [link] contain: the race or ethnicity of students in U.S. Public Schools for the class of 2011, percentages for the Advanced Placement examine population for that class, and percentages for the overall student population. Create a bar graph with the student race or ethnicity (qualitative data) on the x -axis, and the Advanced Placement examinee population percentages on the y -axis.

Race/Ethnicity AP Examinee Population Overall Student Population
1 = Asian, Asian American or Pacific Islander 10.3% 5.7%
2 = Black or African American 9.0% 14.7%
3 = Hispanic or Latino 17.0% 17.6%
4 = American Indian or Alaska Native 0.6% 1.1%
5 = White 57.1% 59.2%
6 = Not reported/other 6.0% 1.7%
This is a bar graph that matches the supplied data. The x-axis shows race and ethnicity, and the y-axis shows the percentages of AP examinees.
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Park city is broken down into six voting districts. The table shows the percent of the total registered voter population that lives in each district as well as the percent total of the entire population that lives in each district. Construct a bar graph that shows the registered voter population by district.

District Registered voter population Overall city population
1 15.5% 19.4%
2 12.2% 15.6%
3 9.8% 9.0%
4 17.4% 18.5%
5 22.8% 20.7%
6 22.3% 16.8%
This is a bar graph that matches the supplied data. The x-axis shows Park City voting districts, and the y-axis shows the percentages of the registered voter population.
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References

Burbary, Ken. Facebook Demographics Revisited – 2001 Statistics, 2011. Available online at http://www.kenburbary.com/2011/03/facebook-demographics-revisited-2011-statistics-2/ (accessed August 21, 2013).

“9th Annual AP Report to the Nation.” CollegeBoard, 2013. Available online at http://apreport.collegeboard.org/goals-and-findings/promoting-equity (accessed September 13, 2013).

“Overweight and Obesity: Adult Obesity Facts.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available online at http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/adult.html (accessed September 13, 2013).

Chapter review

A stem-and-leaf plot is a way to plot data and look at the distribution. In a stem-and-leaf plot, all data values within a class are visible. The advantage in a stem-and-leaf plot is that all values are listed, unlike a histogram, which gives classes of data values. A line graph is often used to represent a set of data values in which a quantity varies with time. These graphs are useful for finding trends. That is, finding a general pattern in data sets including temperature, sales, employment, company profit or cost over a period of time. A bar graph is a chart that uses either horizontal or vertical bars to show comparisons among categories. One axis of the chart shows the specific categories being compared, and the other axis represents a discrete value. Some bar graphs present bars clustered in groups of more than one (grouped bar graphs), and others show the bars divided into subparts to show cumulative effect (stacked bar graphs). Bar graphs are especially useful when categorical data is being used.

For each of the following data sets, create a stem plot and identify any outliers.

The miles per gallon rating for 30 cars are shown below (lowest to highest).
19, 19, 19, 20, 21, 21, 25, 25, 25, 26, 26, 28, 29, 31, 31, 32, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 37, 38, 38, 38, 38, 41, 43, 43

Stem Leaf
1 9 9 9
2 0 1 1 5 5 5 6 6 8 9
3 1 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 7 8 8 8 8
4 1 3 3
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The height in feet of 25 trees is shown below (lowest to highest).
25, 27, 33, 34, 34, 34, 35, 37, 37, 38, 39, 39, 39, 40, 41, 45, 46, 47, 49, 50, 50, 53, 53, 54, 54

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The data are the prices of different laptops at an electronics store. Round each value to the nearest ten.
249, 249, 260, 265, 265, 280, 299, 299, 309, 319, 325, 326, 350, 350, 350, 365, 369, 389, 409, 459, 489, 559, 569, 570, 610

Stem Leaf
2 5 5 6 7 7 8
3 0 0 1 2 3 3 5 5 5 7 7 9
4 1 6 9
5 6 7 7
6 1
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The data are daily high temperatures in a town for one month.
61, 61, 62, 64, 66, 67, 67, 67, 68, 69, 70, 70, 70, 71, 71, 72, 74, 74, 74, 75, 75, 75, 76, 76, 77, 78, 78, 79, 79, 95

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For the next three exercises, use the data to construct a line graph.

In a survey, 40 people were asked how many times they visited a store before making a major purchase. The results are shown in [link] .

Number of times in store Frequency
1 4
2 10
3 16
4 6
5 4
This is a line graph that matches the supplied data. The x-axis shows the number of times people reported visiting a store before making a major purchase, and the y-axis shows the frequency.
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In a survey, several people were asked how many years it has been since they purchased a mattress. The results are shown in [link] .

Years since last purchase Frequency
0 2
1 8
2 13
3 22
4 16
5 9
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Several children were asked how many TV shows they watch each day. The results of the survey are shown in [link] .

Number of TV Shows Frequency
0 12
1 18
2 36
3 7
4 2
This is a line graph that matches the supplied data. The x-axis shows the number of TV shows a kid watches each day, and the y-axis shows the frequency.
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The students in Ms. Ramirez’s math class have birthdays in each of the four seasons. [link] shows the four seasons, the number of students who have birthdays in each season, and the percentage (%) of students in each group. Construct a bar graph showing the number of students.

Seasons Number of students Proportion of population
Spring 8 24%
Summer 9 26%
Autumn 11 32%
Winter 6 18%
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Using the data from Mrs. Ramirez’s math class supplied in [link] , construct a bar graph showing the percentages.

This is a bar graph that matches the supplied data. The x-axis shows the seasons of the year, and the y-axis shows the proportion of birthdays.
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David County has six high schools. Each school sent students to participate in a county-wide science competition. [link] shows the percentage breakdown of competitors from each school, and the percentage of the entire student population of the county that goes to each school. Construct a bar graph that shows the population percentage of competitors from each school.

High School Science competition population Overall student population
Alabaster 28.9% 8.6%
Concordia 7.6% 23.2%
Genoa 12.1% 15.0%
Mocksville 18.5% 14.3%
Tynneson 24.2% 10.1%
West End 8.7% 28.8%
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Use the data from the David County science competition supplied in [link] . Construct a bar graph that shows the county-wide population percentage of students at each school.

This is a bar graph that matches the supplied data. The x-axis shows the county high schools, and the y-axis shows the proportion of county students.
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Source:  OpenStax, Introductory statistics. OpenStax CNX. May 06, 2016 Download for free at http://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11562/1.18
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