# 1.2 Add whole numbers  (Page 5/6)

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## Key concepts

• Addition Notation To describe addition, we can use symbols and words.
Operation Notation Expression Read as Result
Addition $+$ $3+4$ three plus four the sum of $3$ and $4$
• The sum of any number $a$ and $0$ is the number. $a+0=a$ $0+a=a$
• Changing the order of the addends $a$ and $b$ does not change their sum. $a+b=b+a$ .
1. Write the numbers so each place value lines up vertically.
2. Add the digits in each place value. Work from right to left starting with the ones place. If a sum in a place value is more than 9, carry to the next place value.
3. Continue adding each place value from right to left, adding each place value and carrying if needed.

## Practice makes perfect

In the following exercises, translate the following from math expressions to words.

$5+2$

five plus two; the sum of 5 and 2.

$6+3$

$13+18$

thirteen plus eighteen; the sum of 13 and 18.

$15+16$

$214+642$

two hundred fourteen plus six hundred forty-two; the sum of 214 and 642

$438+113$

In the following exercises, model the addition.

$2+4$

$2+4=6$

$5+3$

$8+4$

$8+4=12$

$5+9$

$14+75$

$14+75=89$

$15+63$

$16+25$

$16+25=41$

$14+27$

In the following exercises, fill in the missing values in each chart.

1. $0+13$
2. $13+0$
1. 13
2. 13
1. $0+5,280$
2. $5,280+0$
1. $8+3$
2. $3+8$
1. $11$
2. $11$
1. $7+5$
2. $5+7$

$45+33$

$78$

$37+22$

$71+28$

$99$

$43+53$

$26+59$

$85$

$38+17$

$64+78$

$142$

$92+39$

$168+325$

$493$

$247+149$

$584+277$

$861$

$175+648$

$832+199$

$1,031$

$775+369$

$6,358+492$

$6,850$

$9,184+578$

$3,740+18,593$

$22,333$

$6,118+15,990$

$485,012+619,848$

$1,104,860$

$368,911+857,289$

$24,731+592+3,868$

$29,191$

$28,925+817+4,593$

$8,015+76,946+16,570$

$101,531$

$6,291+54,107+28,635$

Translate Word Phrases to Math Notation

In the following exercises, translate each phrase into math notation and then simplify.

the sum of $13$ and $18$

$13+18=31$

the sum of $12$ and $19$

the sum of $90$ and $65$

$90+65=155$

the sum of $70$ and $38$

$33$ increased by $49$

$33+49=82$

$68$ increased by $25$

$250$ more than $599$

$250+599=849$

$115$ more than $286$

the total of $628$ and $77$

$628+77=705$

the total of $593$ and $79$

$1,482$ added to $915$

$915+1,482=2,397$

$2,719$ added to $682$

In the following exercises, solve the problem.

Home remodeling Sophia remodeled her kitchen and bought a new range, microwave, and dishwasher. The range cost $\text{1,100},$ the microwave cost $\text{250},$ and the dishwasher cost $\text{525}.$ What was the total cost of these three appliances?

The total cost was $1,875. Sports equipment Aiden bought a baseball bat, helmet, and glove. The bat cost $\text{299},$ the helmet cost $\text{35},$ and the glove cost $\text{68}.$ What was the total cost of Aiden’s sports equipment? Bike riding Ethan rode his bike $14$ miles on Monday, $19$ miles on Tuesday, $12$ miles on Wednesday, $25$ miles on Friday, and $68$ miles on Saturday. What was the total number of miles Ethan rode? Ethan rode 138 miles. Business Chloe has a flower shop. Last week she made $19$ floral arrangements on Monday, $12$ on Tuesday, $23$ on Wednesday, $29$ on Thursday, and $44$ on Friday. What was the total number of floral arrangements Chloe made? Apartment size Jackson lives in a $7$ room apartment. The number of square feet in each room is $238,120,156,196,100,132,$ and $225.$ What is the total number of square feet in all $7$ rooms? The total square footage in the rooms is 1,167 square feet. Weight Seven men rented a fishing boat. The weights of the men were $175,192,148,169,205,181,$ and $\text{225}$ pounds. What was the total weight of the seven men? Salary Last year Natalie’s salary was $\text{82,572}.$ Two years ago, her salary was $\text{79,316},$ and three years ago it was $\text{75,298}.$ What is the total amount of Natalie’s salary for the past three years? Natalie’s total salary is$237,186.

Home sales Emma is a realtor. Last month, she sold three houses. The selling prices of the houses were $\text{292,540},\text{505,875},$ and $423,699.$ What was the total of the three selling prices?

In the following exercises, find the perimeter of each figure.

The perimeter of the figure is 44 inches.

The perimeter of the figure is 56 meters.

The perimeter of the figure is 71 yards.

The perimeter of the figure is 62 feet.

## Everyday math

Calories Paulette had a grilled chicken salad, ranch dressing, and a $\text{16-ounce}$ drink for lunch. On the restaurant’s nutrition chart, she saw that each item had the following number of calories:

Grilled chicken salad – $320$ calories
Ranch dressing – $170$ calories
$\text{16-ounce}$ drink – $150$ calories

What was the total number of calories of Paulette’s lunch?

The total number of calories was 640.

Calories Fred had a grilled chicken sandwich, a small order of fries, and a $\text{12-oz}$ chocolate shake for dinner. The restaurant’s nutrition chart lists the following calories for each item:

Grilled chicken sandwich – $420$ calories
Small fries – $230$ calories
$\text{12-oz}$ chocolate shake – $580$ calories

What was the total number of calories of Fred’s dinner?

Test scores A students needs a total of $400$ points on five tests to pass a course. The student scored $82,91,75,88,\text{and}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}70.$ Did the student pass the course?

Yes, he scored 406 points.

Elevators The maximum weight capacity of an elevator is $1150$ pounds. Six men are in the elevator. Their weights are $210,145,183,230,159,\text{and}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}164$ pounds. Is the total weight below the elevators’ maximum capacity?

## Writing exercises

How confident do you feel about your knowledge of the addition facts? If you are not fully confident, what will you do to improve your skills?

## Self check

After completing the exercises, use this checklist to evaluate your mastery of the objectives of this section.

After reviewing this checklist, what will you do to become confident for all objectives?

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