# 3.20 Analog signal processing problems  (Page 3/6)

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## Power transmission

The network shown in the figure represents a simple power transmission system. The generator produces 60 Hz and is modeled by a simple Thévenin equivalent.The transmission line consists of a long length of copper wire and can be accurately described as a 50Ω resistor.

1. Determine the load current ${R}_{\text{L}}$ and the average power the generator must produce so that the load receives 1,000 watts of average power. Why does the generator need to generate more than 1,000 watts of average power to meet this requirement?
2. Suppose the load is changed to that shown in the second figure . Now how much power must the generator produce to meet the same power requirement?Why is it more than it had to produce to meet the requirement for the resistive load?
3. The load can be compensated to have a unity power factor (see exercise ) so that the voltage and current are in phase for maximum power efficiency. The compensation technique is to place a circuit in parallel to the load circuit. What element works and what is its value?
4. With this compensated circuit, how much power must the generator produce to deliver 1,000  average power to the load?

## Optimal power transmission

The following figure shows a general model for power transmission. The power generator is represented by a Thévinin equivalent and the load by a simple impedance.In most applications, the source components are fixed while there is some latitude in choosing the load.

1. Suppose we wanted the maximize "voltage transmission:" make the voltage across the load as large as possible.What choice of load impedance creates the largest load voltage? What is the largest load voltage?
2. If we wanted the maximum current to pass through the load, what would we choose the load impedance to be? What is this largest current?
3. What choice for the load impedance maximizes the average power dissipated in the load? What is most power the generator can deliver?
One way to maximize a function of a complex variable is to write the expression in terms of the variable's real and imaginary parts, evaluate derivatives with respect to each, set both derivatives to zero and solve the two equations simultaneously.

## Big is beautiful

Sammy wants to choose speakers that produce very loud music. He has an amplifier and notices that the speaker terminals are labeled" $8\Omega$ source."

1. What does this mean in terms of the amplifier's equivalent circuit?
2. Any speaker Sammy attaches to the terminals can be well-modeled as a resistor. Choosing a speaker amounts to choosing the values for the resistor.What choice would maximize the voltage across the speakers?
3. Sammy decides that maximizing the power delivered to the speaker might be a better choice. What values for the speaker resistor should be chosen to maximize the power delivered to the speaker?

## Sharing a channel

Two transmitter-receiver pairs want to share the same digital communications channel. The transmitter signalswill be added together by the channel. Receiver design is greatly simplified if first we remove the unwantedtransmission (as much as possible). Each transmitter signal has the form $\forall t, 0\le t\le T\colon {x}_{i}(t)=A\sin (2\pi {f}_{i}t)$ where the amplitude is either zero or $A$ and each transmitter uses its own frequency ${f}_{i}$ . Each frequency is harmonically related to the bitinterval duration $T$ , where the transmitter 1 uses the the frequency $\frac{1}{T}$ . The datarate is 10Mbps.

1. Draw a block diagram that expresses this communication scenario.
2. Find circuits that the receivers could employ to separate unwanted transmissions. Assume the receivedsignal is a voltage and the output is to be a voltage as well.
3. Find the second transmitter's frequency so that the receivers can suppress the unwanted transmission byat least a factor of ten.

what are the products of Nano chemistry?
There are lots of products of nano chemistry... Like nano coatings.....carbon fiber.. And lots of others..
learn
Even nanotechnology is pretty much all about chemistry... Its the chemistry on quantum or atomic level
learn
Preparation and Applications of Nanomaterial for Drug Delivery
Application of nanotechnology in medicine
what is variations in raman spectra for nanomaterials
I only see partial conversation and what's the question here!
what about nanotechnology for water purification
please someone correct me if I'm wrong but I think one can use nanoparticles, specially silver nanoparticles for water treatment.
Damian
yes that's correct
Professor
I think
Professor
what is the stm
is there industrial application of fullrenes. What is the method to prepare fullrene on large scale.?
Rafiq
industrial application...? mmm I think on the medical side as drug carrier, but you should go deeper on your research, I may be wrong
Damian
How we are making nano material?
what is a peer
What is meant by 'nano scale'?
What is STMs full form?
LITNING
scanning tunneling microscope
Sahil
how nano science is used for hydrophobicity
Santosh
Do u think that Graphene and Fullrene fiber can be used to make Air Plane body structure the lightest and strongest. Rafiq
Rafiq
what is differents between GO and RGO?
Mahi
what is simplest way to understand the applications of nano robots used to detect the cancer affected cell of human body.? How this robot is carried to required site of body cell.? what will be the carrier material and how can be detected that correct delivery of drug is done Rafiq
Rafiq
if virus is killing to make ARTIFICIAL DNA OF GRAPHENE FOR KILLED THE VIRUS .THIS IS OUR ASSUMPTION
Anam
analytical skills graphene is prepared to kill any type viruses .
Anam
Any one who tell me about Preparation and application of Nanomaterial for drug Delivery
Hafiz
what is Nano technology ?
write examples of Nano molecule?
Bob
The nanotechnology is as new science, to scale nanometric
brayan
nanotechnology is the study, desing, synthesis, manipulation and application of materials and functional systems through control of matter at nanoscale
Damian
Is there any normative that regulates the use of silver nanoparticles?
what king of growth are you checking .?
Renato
What fields keep nano created devices from performing or assimulating ? Magnetic fields ? Are do they assimilate ?
why we need to study biomolecules, molecular biology in nanotechnology?
?
Kyle
yes I'm doing my masters in nanotechnology, we are being studying all these domains as well..
why?
what school?
Kyle
biomolecules are e building blocks of every organics and inorganic materials.
Joe
anyone know any internet site where one can find nanotechnology papers?
research.net
kanaga
sciencedirect big data base
Ernesto
how did you get the value of 2000N.What calculations are needed to arrive at it
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