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This module is part of a collection of modules intended for students enrolled in a special section of MATH 1508 (PreCalculus) for preengineers. This module addresses the topic of radicals. Radicals play an important role in the modeling of physical phenomena. Several applications of radicals in the field of engineering are presented.

## Introduction

Equations involving radicals abound in the various fields of engineering. Students of engineering must therefore gain confidence and competence in solving equations that include radical expressions. In this module, several different applications that involve the use of radicals to solve engineering problems are presented along with several exercises.

## Centripetal force

Centripetal force is the inward directed force that is exerted on one body as it moves in a circular path about another body.

Figure 1 illustrates a body that is in circular motion about a center point.

As the object moves about the circle, its angle changes. This time rate of change of the angle is called the angular velocity and is denoted by the symbol ω. The angular velocity has units of radians/sec. As an example, if the object makes 2 revolutions in a second, it would have an angular velocity

$\omega =\frac{2\text{revolutions}}{s}=\frac{2\left(2\pi \text{rad}\right)}{s}=4\pi \text{rad}/s$

Examination of Figure 1 shows the centripetal force being directed inward toward the center of the circular path of the object. The velocity of the object is illustrated as being in the direction of the tangent at the point on the circle occupied by the object. If for any reason the body were released from its orbit about the center point, it would travel in a straight line path indicated in the direction of the velocity.

Quite often, one may measure the amount of time that it takes for the object to complete a complete revolution and denote it as the variable ( T ). This value which is usually expressed in seconds is called the period of revolution. For the example given previously where the object makes 2 revolutions per second, the period of revolution ( T ) is ½ second.

The period of revolution ( T ) measured in seconds can be calculated by means of a relationship that involves the magnitude of the centripetal force ( F ) measured in Newtons, the mass of the object ( m ) measured in kilograms, and the radius ( R ) of the circle measured in meters.

$T=\sqrt{\frac{4mR{\pi }^{2}}{F}}$

Question: A mass of 2 kg revolves about an axis. The radius of the object about the axis is 0.5 m. It takes 0.25 seconds for the mass to make a single revolution. What is the value of the centripetal force?

Solution: We begin by replacing the variables of equation (2) by their numeric values

$0\text{.}\text{25}=\sqrt{\frac{4\left(2\right)\left(0\text{.}5\right){\pi }^{2}}{F}}$

Next we take the square of each side of the equation

$\left(0\text{.}\text{25}{\right)}^{2}=\frac{4{\pi }^{2}}{F}$

We can isolate F on the left hand side of the equation as

$F=\frac{4{\pi }^{2}}{0\text{.}\text{625}}$

Which leads to the result $F=\text{632}N\text{.}$

## Nozzle characteristics for aircraft de-icing

The presence of ice on the wings and fuselage on an aircraft can lead to severe problems during stormy winter weather. Equipment is used to spray aircraft with a de-icing agent prior to take-off in order to remove the ice from the wing surfaces and fuselage of planes.

where we get a research paper on Nano chemistry....?
nanopartical of organic/inorganic / physical chemistry , pdf / thesis / review
Ali
what are the products of Nano chemistry?
There are lots of products of nano chemistry... Like nano coatings.....carbon fiber.. And lots of others..
learn
Even nanotechnology is pretty much all about chemistry... Its the chemistry on quantum or atomic level
learn
da
no nanotechnology is also a part of physics and maths it requires angle formulas and some pressure regarding concepts
Bhagvanji
hey
Giriraj
Preparation and Applications of Nanomaterial for Drug Delivery
revolt
da
Application of nanotechnology in medicine
what is variations in raman spectra for nanomaterials
ya I also want to know the raman spectra
Bhagvanji
I only see partial conversation and what's the question here!
what about nanotechnology for water purification
please someone correct me if I'm wrong but I think one can use nanoparticles, specially silver nanoparticles for water treatment.
Damian
yes that's correct
Professor
I think
Professor
Nasa has use it in the 60's, copper as water purification in the moon travel.
Alexandre
nanocopper obvius
Alexandre
what is the stm
is there industrial application of fullrenes. What is the method to prepare fullrene on large scale.?
Rafiq
industrial application...? mmm I think on the medical side as drug carrier, but you should go deeper on your research, I may be wrong
Damian
How we are making nano material?
what is a peer
What is meant by 'nano scale'?
What is STMs full form?
LITNING
scanning tunneling microscope
Sahil
how nano science is used for hydrophobicity
Santosh
Do u think that Graphene and Fullrene fiber can be used to make Air Plane body structure the lightest and strongest. Rafiq
Rafiq
what is differents between GO and RGO?
Mahi
what is simplest way to understand the applications of nano robots used to detect the cancer affected cell of human body.? How this robot is carried to required site of body cell.? what will be the carrier material and how can be detected that correct delivery of drug is done Rafiq
Rafiq
if virus is killing to make ARTIFICIAL DNA OF GRAPHENE FOR KILLED THE VIRUS .THIS IS OUR ASSUMPTION
Anam
analytical skills graphene is prepared to kill any type viruses .
Anam
Any one who tell me about Preparation and application of Nanomaterial for drug Delivery
Hafiz
what is Nano technology ?
write examples of Nano molecule?
Bob
The nanotechnology is as new science, to scale nanometric
brayan
nanotechnology is the study, desing, synthesis, manipulation and application of materials and functional systems through control of matter at nanoscale
Damian
Is there any normative that regulates the use of silver nanoparticles?
what king of growth are you checking .?
Renato
What fields keep nano created devices from performing or assimulating ? Magnetic fields ? Are do they assimilate ?
why we need to study biomolecules, molecular biology in nanotechnology?
?
Kyle
yes I'm doing my masters in nanotechnology, we are being studying all these domains as well..
why?
what school?
Kyle
biomolecules are e building blocks of every organics and inorganic materials.
Joe
Can someone give me problems that involes radical expressions like area,volume or motion of pendulum with solution