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Natuurwetenskappe

Lewe en lewenswyse

Opvoeders afdeling

Memorandum

1. organismes

omgewing

nie-lewende

2. produsente (voedselproduseerders)

verbruikers

herbivore

karnivore

omnivore

3. Ligging, klimaat, grond, water, atmosferiese gasse (meer spesifieke faktore kan ook genoem word, bv helling en suid-/oos-/wes-/noordwysend ipv ligging, of temperatuur, reën en wind ipv klimaat).

Diagram:

1. Alle materiale word in die natuur gehersirkuleer en daarom raak die bronne nie uitgeput nie. Wat uit die grond of lug geneem word, keer uiteindelik weer terug.

2. Water: uit grond na plante en diere (en in lug in), weer terug na grond (urine en ontlasting) of lug (sweet, verdamping).

Koolstofdioksied: uit lug na plant, vasgelê in voedsel, na dier, vrygestel aan lug.

Bestanddele in grond, na plant, vorm voedsel, na dier wat plant vreet, met urine of ontlasting of as dier of plant vrek, terug na grond

3. Om te voorkom dat die natuurlike bronne uitgeput raak/die stowwe opgebruik word.

Leerder afdeling

Inhoud

Aktiwiteit: om jou kennis van ekosisteme te hernu [lu 2.1, 2.3]

Die ekosisteem

Toets jou kennis

Jy het in graad 6 reeds met die begrip “ekosisteem” kennis gemaak. Kom ons kyk wat jy nog kan onthou:

Voltooi: ‘n Ekosisteem is al die lewende ______________________ wat in ‘n

bepaalde _______________ lewe, asook al die ___________ faktore wat die

aard van die omgewing bepaal.

In ‘n ekosisteem is die plante die ___________________, terwyl die diere die

____________________ is. Diere kan op grond van hul voedingswyse in drie

groepe verdeel word, naamlik _________________, ____________________

en ___________________________________________________________ .

Die nie-lewende faktore wat die toestande in die ekosisteem bepaal, is _______________________________, _____________________________,

_______________________________ en ___________________________ .

Siklusse en balans binne ‘n ekosisteem

‘n Ekosisteem kan diagrammaties soos volg voorgestel word:

Probeer om die volgende vrae wat oor die diagram handel te beantwoord:

1. Hoekom word die ekosisteem in die vorm van ‘n siklus voorgestel?

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

2. Noem drie stowwe/verbindings wat volgens die diagram in ‘n ekosisteem gesirkuleer word en beskryf elke siklus kortliks:

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

3. Hoekom is dit belangrik dat die stowwe gesirkuleer word?

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

Assessering

Leeruitkomste 2: Die leerder ken, interpreteer en pas wetenskaplike, tegnologiese en omgewingskennis toe.

Assesseringstandaard 2.1: Dit is duidelik wanneer die leerder betekenisvolle inligting onthou: onthou, ten minste, definisies en komplekse feite;

2.3 inligting interpreteer: interpreteer inligting deur kernidees in die teks te identifiseer, patrone in aangetekende data te vind en gevolgtrekkings te maak uit inligting in verskeie vorme (bv. prente, diagramme en geskrewe teks);

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Source:  OpenStax, Natuurwetenskappe graad 7. OpenStax CNX. Sep 16, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11078/1.1
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